Desenvolvimento de eletrodos de carbono vítreo modificados com nanotubos de carbono para a determinação de analitos de interesse farmacêutico
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2013 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6266 |
Resumo: | In this work, the development of electroanalytical methods for the determination of methotrexate (MTX), propylthiouracil (PTU), propanolol (PROP) and verapamil (VPM) in pharmaceutical formulations is described. In these methods it was employed a glassy carbon electrode (GC) modified with dihexadecyl hydrogenphosphate (DHP) or polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) film containing immobilized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Initially, the electrochemical behavior of each modified electrode was studied by cyclic voltammetry at different scan rates for a 1.0 × 103 mol L1 potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) in 0.1 mol L1 potassium chloride solution. Applying the Randles-Sevcik equation, it was observed an increase of the active area of MWCNTs-DHP/GC and MWCNTs-PAH/GC electrodes of 1.5 and 3.1 times respectively in comparision with the GC electrode. The square wave voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry parameters were studied and optimized for each analyte and then it was selected the best technique for the development of the analytical method. In the developed method for MTX determination in pharmaceutical formulations, it was used the GC electrode modified with MWCNTs and DHP (MWCNTs-DHP/GC), employing differential pulse adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetry (DPAdASV) technique after the optimization of experimental conditions. The analytical curve obtained was linear in the MTX concentration range from 5.0 × 10-8 to 5.0 × 10-6 mol L-1, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.2 × 10-8. The MTX was quantified in commercial samples and the results compared with an HPLC method, and the relative errors ranged from -4.0 to 4.0%. An analytical method for determination of PTU in pharmaceutical formulations was also developed using a modified GC electrode with MWCNTs within a PAH film (MWCNTs-PAH/GC) and linear sweep adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (LSAdCSV). After the optimization of experimental conditions, the analytical curve was linear in the PTU concentration range from 5.0 × 10-6 to 5.8 × 10-5 mol L-1, with a LOD equal to 1.0 × 10-6 mol L-1. The PTU was quantified in commercial samples and the results were compared with those results obtained using the British Pharmacopoeia method. The relative errors obtained were between -1.0 and 2.0%. Using DPAdASV technique and a MWCNTs-PAH/GC electrode, PROP was determined in pharmaceutical formulations. The analytical curve was linear in the concentrations range from 7.5 × 10-8 to 1.0 × 10-6 mol L-1 PROP, with LOD equal to 6.3 × 10-8 mol L-1 and the results were in close agreement whit those obtained using the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia method at a confidence level of 95 %. The relative standard deviation ranged from 2.5 and 1.2%. Finally, as a fourth electroanalytical method, a square wave adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetry (SWAdASV) was proposed for determination of VPM in pharmaceutical formulations using a MWCNTs-PAH/GC electrode. The analytical curve was linear over the VPM concentration range 5.0 × 10-9 - 1.0 × 10-7 mol L-1, with an LOD of 3.6 × 10-9 mol L-1 . The VPM was quantified in pharmaceutical samples and the results compared with results obtained using the method of the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia. |
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Oliveira, Geiser Gabriel deFatibello Filho, OrlandoÚltima atualização do currículo em 14/03/2011http://lattes.cnpq.br/6504190570083114738c6154-bf65-4180-8164-320555769bb92016-06-02T20:34:43Z2013-06-262016-06-02T20:34:43Z2013-03-21https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6266In this work, the development of electroanalytical methods for the determination of methotrexate (MTX), propylthiouracil (PTU), propanolol (PROP) and verapamil (VPM) in pharmaceutical formulations is described. In these methods it was employed a glassy carbon electrode (GC) modified with dihexadecyl hydrogenphosphate (DHP) or polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) film containing immobilized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Initially, the electrochemical behavior of each modified electrode was studied by cyclic voltammetry at different scan rates for a 1.0 × 103 mol L1 potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) in 0.1 mol L1 potassium chloride solution. Applying the Randles-Sevcik equation, it was observed an increase of the active area of MWCNTs-DHP/GC and MWCNTs-PAH/GC electrodes of 1.5 and 3.1 times respectively in comparision with the GC electrode. The square wave voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry parameters were studied and optimized for each analyte and then it was selected the best technique for the development of the analytical method. In the developed method for MTX determination in pharmaceutical formulations, it was used the GC electrode modified with MWCNTs and DHP (MWCNTs-DHP/GC), employing differential pulse adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetry (DPAdASV) technique after the optimization of experimental conditions. The analytical curve obtained was linear in the MTX concentration range from 5.0 × 10-8 to 5.0 × 10-6 mol L-1, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.2 × 10-8. The MTX was quantified in commercial samples and the results compared with an HPLC method, and the relative errors ranged from -4.0 to 4.0%. An analytical method for determination of PTU in pharmaceutical formulations was also developed using a modified GC electrode with MWCNTs within a PAH film (MWCNTs-PAH/GC) and linear sweep adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (LSAdCSV). After the optimization of experimental conditions, the analytical curve was linear in the PTU concentration range from 5.0 × 10-6 to 5.8 × 10-5 mol L-1, with a LOD equal to 1.0 × 10-6 mol L-1. The PTU was quantified in commercial samples and the results were compared with those results obtained using the British Pharmacopoeia method. The relative errors obtained were between -1.0 and 2.0%. Using DPAdASV technique and a MWCNTs-PAH/GC electrode, PROP was determined in pharmaceutical formulations. The analytical curve was linear in the concentrations range from 7.5 × 10-8 to 1.0 × 10-6 mol L-1 PROP, with LOD equal to 6.3 × 10-8 mol L-1 and the results were in close agreement whit those obtained using the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia method at a confidence level of 95 %. The relative standard deviation ranged from 2.5 and 1.2%. Finally, as a fourth electroanalytical method, a square wave adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetry (SWAdASV) was proposed for determination of VPM in pharmaceutical formulations using a MWCNTs-PAH/GC electrode. The analytical curve was linear over the VPM concentration range 5.0 × 10-9 - 1.0 × 10-7 mol L-1, with an LOD of 3.6 × 10-9 mol L-1 . The VPM was quantified in pharmaceutical samples and the results compared with results obtained using the method of the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia.Neste trabalho descreve-se o desenvolvimento de métodos eletroanalíticos para a determinação de metotrexato (MTX), propiltiouracil (PTU), propranolol (PROP) e verapamil (VPM) em formulações farmacêuticas. Nestes métodos foi empregado um eletrodo de carbono vítreo (GC) modificado com filme dihexadecil hidrogênofosfato (DHP) ou hidrocloreto de poli(alilamina) (PAH), contendo, imobilizados, nanotubos de carbono de paredes múltiplas (MWCNTs) tratados quimicamente. Inicialmente verificou-se o comportamento eletroquímico desses eletrodos modificados empregando-se voltametria cíclica, em diferentes velocidades de varredura, para uma solução de hexacianoferrato (III) de potássio 1,0 x 10-3 mol L-1 em cloreto de potássio 0,1 mol L-1. Aplicando-se a equação de Randles-Sevcik, observa-se um aumento da área ativa para os eletrodos MWCNTs-DHP/GC e MWCNTs-PAH/GC de 1,5 e 3,1 vezes respectivamente quando comparado com o eletrodo de GC. Os parâmetros da voltametria de onda quadrada, voltametria de pulso diferencial e voltametria linear foram estudados e otimizados para cada analito e selecionada a melhor técnica para o desenvolvimento do método analítico. No método desenvolvido para a determinação de MTX em formulações farmacêuticas, utilizouse o eletrodo de GC modificado com MWCNTs e DHP (MWCNTs-DHP/GC), empregando-se a Voltametria Adsortiva de Redissolução Anódica por Pulso Diferencial (DPAdASV), após a otimização das condições experimentais. A curva analítica obtida foi linear no intervalo de concentração de MTX de 5,0  108 a 5,0  106 mol L-1, com um limite de detecção (LD) igual a 1,2  108. O MTX foi quantificado em amostras comerciais e os resultados comparados com um método de HPLC, sendo que os erros relativos variaram de -4,0 e 4,0 %. O segundo método analítico desenvolvido foi para a determinação de PTU em formulações farmacêuticas, utilizando como eletrodo o GC modificado com MWCNTs e PAH (MWCNTs-PAH/GC). A técnica eletroanalítica selecionada foi a Voltametria Linear Adsortiva de Redissolução (LSAdCSV), após a otimização das condições experimentais. A curva analítica obtida foi linear para o PTU nas concentrações de 5,0  106 a 5,8  105 mol L-1 com LD igual a 1,0  106 mol L-1. O PTU foi quantificado em amostras comerciais, os resultados comparados com método preconizado pela Farmacopéia Britânica e os erros relativos obtidos ficaram entre 1,0 e 2,0 %. O terceiro método analítico desenvolvido foi para a determinação de PROP em formulações farmacêuticas, utilizando como eletrodo o MWCNTs- PAH/GC, sendo a técnica selecionada a DPAdASV. A curva analítica obtida foi linear no intervalo de concentração do PROP de 7,5  108 a 1,0  106 mol L-1, com LD igual a 6,3  108 mol L1.. O PROP foi quantificado em amostras comerciais e os resultados comparados com o método proposto pela Farmacopéia Brasileira. Os erros relativos obtidos ficaram entre 2,5 e 1,2 %. Na sequência, o quarto método desenvolvido foi para a determinação de VPM em formulações farmacêuticas, utilizando como eletrodo o MWCNTs-PAH/GC, sendo a técnica selecionada a voltametria de redissolução anódica de onda quadrada (SWAdASV). A curva analítica obtida foi linear no intervalo de concentrações de VPM de 5,0  109 a 1,0  107 mol L-1, com um LD igual a 3,6  109 mol L1. O VPM foi quantificado em amostras farmacêuticas e os resultados comparados com os resultados obtidos empregando o método espectrofotométrico preconizado pela Farmacopéia Brasileira.Universidade Federal de Sao Carlosapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Química - PPGQUFSCarBRQuímica analíticaNanotubos de carbonoDHPPAHVoltametria adsortivaEfeito eletrocatalíticoCIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICADesenvolvimento de eletrodos de carbono vítreo modificados com nanotubos de carbono para a determinação de analitos de interesse farmacêuticoDevelopment of modified glassy carbon electrodes with carbon nanotubes for determination of analytes of pharmaceutical interestinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis-1-17a1dec22-4b2d-4dba-8971-ab07f55c7d54info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINAL5218.pdfapplication/pdf2403909https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/6266/1/5218.pdfd82fc82071edd00ee14aaa70f939364dMD51TEXT5218.pdf.txt5218.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain0https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/6266/4/5218.pdf.txtd41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427eMD54THUMBNAIL5218.pdf.jpg5218.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg10631https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/6266/5/5218.pdf.jpge71a64ef19718b36f8b55f7e980a6403MD55ufscar/62662023-09-18 18:30:35.927oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/6266Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222023-09-18T18:30:35Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Desenvolvimento de eletrodos de carbono vítreo modificados com nanotubos de carbono para a determinação de analitos de interesse farmacêutico |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Development of modified glassy carbon electrodes with carbon nanotubes for determination of analytes of pharmaceutical interest |
title |
Desenvolvimento de eletrodos de carbono vítreo modificados com nanotubos de carbono para a determinação de analitos de interesse farmacêutico |
spellingShingle |
Desenvolvimento de eletrodos de carbono vítreo modificados com nanotubos de carbono para a determinação de analitos de interesse farmacêutico Oliveira, Geiser Gabriel de Química analítica Nanotubos de carbono DHP PAH Voltametria adsortiva Efeito eletrocatalítico CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA |
title_short |
Desenvolvimento de eletrodos de carbono vítreo modificados com nanotubos de carbono para a determinação de analitos de interesse farmacêutico |
title_full |
Desenvolvimento de eletrodos de carbono vítreo modificados com nanotubos de carbono para a determinação de analitos de interesse farmacêutico |
title_fullStr |
Desenvolvimento de eletrodos de carbono vítreo modificados com nanotubos de carbono para a determinação de analitos de interesse farmacêutico |
title_full_unstemmed |
Desenvolvimento de eletrodos de carbono vítreo modificados com nanotubos de carbono para a determinação de analitos de interesse farmacêutico |
title_sort |
Desenvolvimento de eletrodos de carbono vítreo modificados com nanotubos de carbono para a determinação de analitos de interesse farmacêutico |
author |
Oliveira, Geiser Gabriel de |
author_facet |
Oliveira, Geiser Gabriel de |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6504190570083114 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Oliveira, Geiser Gabriel de |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Fatibello Filho, Orlando |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
Última atualização do currículo em 14/03/2011 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
738c6154-bf65-4180-8164-320555769bb9 |
contributor_str_mv |
Fatibello Filho, Orlando |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Química analítica Nanotubos de carbono DHP PAH Voltametria adsortiva Efeito eletrocatalítico |
topic |
Química analítica Nanotubos de carbono DHP PAH Voltametria adsortiva Efeito eletrocatalítico CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA |
description |
In this work, the development of electroanalytical methods for the determination of methotrexate (MTX), propylthiouracil (PTU), propanolol (PROP) and verapamil (VPM) in pharmaceutical formulations is described. In these methods it was employed a glassy carbon electrode (GC) modified with dihexadecyl hydrogenphosphate (DHP) or polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) film containing immobilized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Initially, the electrochemical behavior of each modified electrode was studied by cyclic voltammetry at different scan rates for a 1.0 × 103 mol L1 potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) in 0.1 mol L1 potassium chloride solution. Applying the Randles-Sevcik equation, it was observed an increase of the active area of MWCNTs-DHP/GC and MWCNTs-PAH/GC electrodes of 1.5 and 3.1 times respectively in comparision with the GC electrode. The square wave voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry parameters were studied and optimized for each analyte and then it was selected the best technique for the development of the analytical method. In the developed method for MTX determination in pharmaceutical formulations, it was used the GC electrode modified with MWCNTs and DHP (MWCNTs-DHP/GC), employing differential pulse adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetry (DPAdASV) technique after the optimization of experimental conditions. The analytical curve obtained was linear in the MTX concentration range from 5.0 × 10-8 to 5.0 × 10-6 mol L-1, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.2 × 10-8. The MTX was quantified in commercial samples and the results compared with an HPLC method, and the relative errors ranged from -4.0 to 4.0%. An analytical method for determination of PTU in pharmaceutical formulations was also developed using a modified GC electrode with MWCNTs within a PAH film (MWCNTs-PAH/GC) and linear sweep adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (LSAdCSV). After the optimization of experimental conditions, the analytical curve was linear in the PTU concentration range from 5.0 × 10-6 to 5.8 × 10-5 mol L-1, with a LOD equal to 1.0 × 10-6 mol L-1. The PTU was quantified in commercial samples and the results were compared with those results obtained using the British Pharmacopoeia method. The relative errors obtained were between -1.0 and 2.0%. Using DPAdASV technique and a MWCNTs-PAH/GC electrode, PROP was determined in pharmaceutical formulations. The analytical curve was linear in the concentrations range from 7.5 × 10-8 to 1.0 × 10-6 mol L-1 PROP, with LOD equal to 6.3 × 10-8 mol L-1 and the results were in close agreement whit those obtained using the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia method at a confidence level of 95 %. The relative standard deviation ranged from 2.5 and 1.2%. Finally, as a fourth electroanalytical method, a square wave adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetry (SWAdASV) was proposed for determination of VPM in pharmaceutical formulations using a MWCNTs-PAH/GC electrode. The analytical curve was linear over the VPM concentration range 5.0 × 10-9 - 1.0 × 10-7 mol L-1, with an LOD of 3.6 × 10-9 mol L-1 . The VPM was quantified in pharmaceutical samples and the results compared with results obtained using the method of the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia. |
publishDate |
2013 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2013-06-26 2016-06-02T20:34:43Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2013-03-21 |
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2016-06-02T20:34:43Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos |
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UFSCar |
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BR |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos |
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