Rede de interações de aves-plantas: frugivoria em áreas urbanas da Mata Atlântica
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Tipo de documento: | Trabalho de conclusão de curso |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13949 |
Resumo: | Urbanization poses countless disturbances to biodiversity, reducing environmental heterogeneity, causing the process of community simplification and favoring species with greater tolerance to anthropogenic actions, mostly generalists in habitats, and eating habits. The interactions between plants and frugivores establish an important structure for a community, and its loss can compromise the species involved and the ecological functions they perform. Thus, interaction networks are important tools to understand ecological processes and patterns responsible for the structural complexity of communities. Although many large urban centers are within the domain of the Atlantic Forest, there are few studies on interaction networks in this environment. Therefore, the study objectives are (1) to characterize this knowledge about frugivory by birds in urban areas of the Atlantic Forest biome; (2) to analyze an interaction between urban birdlife and plants through an interaction network; (3) to verify the behavior of the network and (4) evaluate the influence of exotic species on the network. For this, a bibliographic review on frugivory by birds in urban environments of the Atlantic Forest in Brazil was carried out, articles that included these interactions were surveyed. After the data collection, a list of bird species that consumed fruits is generated, thus creating a binary matrix of plant and bird interactions, which was used for plotting the network, analyzing its structure and organization. For the network, the species connectivity was observed, and the network nesting, estimated with the Nestedness Metric Based on Overlap and Decreasing Fill (NODF). A total of 19 studies in 9 states within the Atlantic Forest were included in the analysis, having generated 78 bird species consuming fruits of 103 plant species. The interaction network has a nested pattern (NODF = 26, p = 0) and 541 interactions were observed, presenting low connectivity (6.65%) which estimates the proportion of the interactions performed in relation to the total of possible interactions. Birds and plant assemblages proved to be stable and resistant in the interaction functioning since the nested structure is a property that demonstration groupings not at random. The number of interactions seems to justify the connectivity, since it decreases due to the network size, reducing the transmission of disturbances. Thus, fruit consumption in urban areas occurs opportunistically, especially by generalist species. |
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Silva, Thays AlmeidaPiratelli, Augusto Joãohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058http://lattes.cnpq.br/917417158177993196a0e791-1715-453e-96ef-c7370d7f05972021-03-09T14:21:27Z2021-03-09T14:21:27Z2021-01-07SILVA, Thays Almeida. Rede de interações de aves-plantas: frugivoria em áreas urbanas da Mata Atlântica. 2021. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação em Ciências Biológicas) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Sorocaba, 2021. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13949.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13949Urbanization poses countless disturbances to biodiversity, reducing environmental heterogeneity, causing the process of community simplification and favoring species with greater tolerance to anthropogenic actions, mostly generalists in habitats, and eating habits. The interactions between plants and frugivores establish an important structure for a community, and its loss can compromise the species involved and the ecological functions they perform. Thus, interaction networks are important tools to understand ecological processes and patterns responsible for the structural complexity of communities. Although many large urban centers are within the domain of the Atlantic Forest, there are few studies on interaction networks in this environment. Therefore, the study objectives are (1) to characterize this knowledge about frugivory by birds in urban areas of the Atlantic Forest biome; (2) to analyze an interaction between urban birdlife and plants through an interaction network; (3) to verify the behavior of the network and (4) evaluate the influence of exotic species on the network. For this, a bibliographic review on frugivory by birds in urban environments of the Atlantic Forest in Brazil was carried out, articles that included these interactions were surveyed. After the data collection, a list of bird species that consumed fruits is generated, thus creating a binary matrix of plant and bird interactions, which was used for plotting the network, analyzing its structure and organization. For the network, the species connectivity was observed, and the network nesting, estimated with the Nestedness Metric Based on Overlap and Decreasing Fill (NODF). A total of 19 studies in 9 states within the Atlantic Forest were included in the analysis, having generated 78 bird species consuming fruits of 103 plant species. The interaction network has a nested pattern (NODF = 26, p = 0) and 541 interactions were observed, presenting low connectivity (6.65%) which estimates the proportion of the interactions performed in relation to the total of possible interactions. Birds and plant assemblages proved to be stable and resistant in the interaction functioning since the nested structure is a property that demonstration groupings not at random. The number of interactions seems to justify the connectivity, since it decreases due to the network size, reducing the transmission of disturbances. Thus, fruit consumption in urban areas occurs opportunistically, especially by generalist species.A urbanização causa inúmeros distúrbios à biodiversidade, diminuindo a heterogeneidade ambiental, causando o processo de simplificação da comunidade e favorecendo espécies com maior tolerância às ações antrópicas, usualmente generalistas nos hábitats e hábitos alimentares. As interações entre plantas e frugívoros estabelecem uma estrutura importante para uma comunidade, e a sua perda pode comprometer as espécies envolvidas e as funções ecológicas que desempenham. Assim, as redes de interações são ferramentas importantes para compreender processos e padrões ecológicos responsáveis pela complexidade estrutural das comunidades. Ainda que muitos dos grandes centros urbanos estejam dentro do domínio da Mata Atlântica, poucos são os estudos sobre redes de interações nesse ambiente. Logo, os objetivos deste estudo são (1) caracterizar o conhecimento sobre frugivoria por aves em áreas urbanas do bioma da Mata Atlântica; (2) analisar a interação entre a avifauna urbana e as plantas através de uma rede de interações; (3) verificar o comportamento da rede e (4) avaliar a influência das espécies exóticas na rede. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre frugivoria por aves em ambientes urbanos da Mata Atlântica no Brasil, levantados artigos que incluíssem essas interações. Após a coleta de dados, foi gerada uma lista de espécies de aves registradas consumindo frutos, criando assim uma matriz binária de interações plantas e aves, que foi utilizada para a plotagem da rede, analisando sua estrutura e organização. Para a rede, foram observados a conectividade das espécies e o aninhamento da rede, estimado com a métrica de aninhamento com base na sobreposição e diminuição do preenchimento (NODF). Foram incluídos na análise 19 estudos em 9 estados dentro da Mata Atlântica, tendo sido registradas 78 espécies de aves consumindo frutos de 103 espécies de plantas. A rede de interações apresentou um padrão aninhado (NODF = 26, p= 0) e foram observadas 541 interações, apresentando uma baixa conectância (6,65%), que estima a proporção das interações realizadas com relação ao total de interações possíveis. As assembleias de aves e de plantas se mostraram estáveis e resistentes no funcionamento das interações, visto que a estrutura aninhada é uma propriedade que demonstra agrupamentos não ao acaso. Tais resultados indicam que o consumo de frutos por aves nas áreas urbanas ocorre de maneira oportunista, em especial por espécies generalistas.Não recebi financiamentoporUniversidade Federal de São CarlosCâmpus SorocabaCiências Biológicas - CB-SoUFSCarAttribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessRedes EcológicasAvifaunaAmbiente urbanoCIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIARede de interações de aves-plantas: frugivoria em áreas urbanas da Mata AtlânticaInteractions network of birds and plants: frugivory in urban areas of the Atlantic Forestinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis600600b0212844-5301-4181-bcd7-f8658372b5f3reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINALTCC - Thays Almeida Silva.pdfTCC - Thays Almeida Silva.pdfArquivo principalapplication/pdf735738https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13949/1/TCC%20-%20Thays%20Almeida%20Silva.pdf813a129bccca25ea82da701e52af18feMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8920https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13949/2/license_rdf728dfda2fa81b274c619d08d1dfc1a03MD52TEXTTCC - Thays Almeida Silva.pdf.txtTCC - Thays Almeida Silva.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain60126https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13949/3/TCC%20-%20Thays%20Almeida%20Silva.pdf.txt5200bb2791bee904316593e446998416MD53THUMBNAILTCC - Thays Almeida Silva.pdf.jpgTCC - Thays Almeida Silva.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg4846https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13949/4/TCC%20-%20Thays%20Almeida%20Silva.pdf.jpga2de7185f96911b994741fabf2ee33e3MD54ufscar/139492023-09-18 18:32:08.052oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/13949Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222023-09-18T18:32:08Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Rede de interações de aves-plantas: frugivoria em áreas urbanas da Mata Atlântica |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Interactions network of birds and plants: frugivory in urban areas of the Atlantic Forest |
title |
Rede de interações de aves-plantas: frugivoria em áreas urbanas da Mata Atlântica |
spellingShingle |
Rede de interações de aves-plantas: frugivoria em áreas urbanas da Mata Atlântica Silva, Thays Almeida Redes Ecológicas Avifauna Ambiente urbano CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA |
title_short |
Rede de interações de aves-plantas: frugivoria em áreas urbanas da Mata Atlântica |
title_full |
Rede de interações de aves-plantas: frugivoria em áreas urbanas da Mata Atlântica |
title_fullStr |
Rede de interações de aves-plantas: frugivoria em áreas urbanas da Mata Atlântica |
title_full_unstemmed |
Rede de interações de aves-plantas: frugivoria em áreas urbanas da Mata Atlântica |
title_sort |
Rede de interações de aves-plantas: frugivoria em áreas urbanas da Mata Atlântica |
author |
Silva, Thays Almeida |
author_facet |
Silva, Thays Almeida |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9174171581779931 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Thays Almeida |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Piratelli, Augusto João |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
96a0e791-1715-453e-96ef-c7370d7f0597 |
contributor_str_mv |
Piratelli, Augusto João |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Redes Ecológicas Avifauna Ambiente urbano |
topic |
Redes Ecológicas Avifauna Ambiente urbano CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA |
description |
Urbanization poses countless disturbances to biodiversity, reducing environmental heterogeneity, causing the process of community simplification and favoring species with greater tolerance to anthropogenic actions, mostly generalists in habitats, and eating habits. The interactions between plants and frugivores establish an important structure for a community, and its loss can compromise the species involved and the ecological functions they perform. Thus, interaction networks are important tools to understand ecological processes and patterns responsible for the structural complexity of communities. Although many large urban centers are within the domain of the Atlantic Forest, there are few studies on interaction networks in this environment. Therefore, the study objectives are (1) to characterize this knowledge about frugivory by birds in urban areas of the Atlantic Forest biome; (2) to analyze an interaction between urban birdlife and plants through an interaction network; (3) to verify the behavior of the network and (4) evaluate the influence of exotic species on the network. For this, a bibliographic review on frugivory by birds in urban environments of the Atlantic Forest in Brazil was carried out, articles that included these interactions were surveyed. After the data collection, a list of bird species that consumed fruits is generated, thus creating a binary matrix of plant and bird interactions, which was used for plotting the network, analyzing its structure and organization. For the network, the species connectivity was observed, and the network nesting, estimated with the Nestedness Metric Based on Overlap and Decreasing Fill (NODF). A total of 19 studies in 9 states within the Atlantic Forest were included in the analysis, having generated 78 bird species consuming fruits of 103 plant species. The interaction network has a nested pattern (NODF = 26, p = 0) and 541 interactions were observed, presenting low connectivity (6.65%) which estimates the proportion of the interactions performed in relation to the total of possible interactions. Birds and plant assemblages proved to be stable and resistant in the interaction functioning since the nested structure is a property that demonstration groupings not at random. The number of interactions seems to justify the connectivity, since it decreases due to the network size, reducing the transmission of disturbances. Thus, fruit consumption in urban areas occurs opportunistically, especially by generalist species. |
publishDate |
2021 |
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2021-03-09T14:21:27Z |
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2021-03-09T14:21:27Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2021-01-07 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis |
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SILVA, Thays Almeida. Rede de interações de aves-plantas: frugivoria em áreas urbanas da Mata Atlântica. 2021. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação em Ciências Biológicas) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Sorocaba, 2021. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13949. |
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https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13949 |
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SILVA, Thays Almeida. Rede de interações de aves-plantas: frugivoria em áreas urbanas da Mata Atlântica. 2021. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação em Ciências Biológicas) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Sorocaba, 2021. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13949. |
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