Liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics: experimental and computational analysis
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/18868 |
Resumo: | The liquid-solid fluidization is a simple process intensification strategy. The method remains underexplored, in part, due to the lack of predictability. It is not trivial to assess its internal dynamics without a robust experimental setup and the predictions of its fluid dynamics behavior rely on simple correlations that do not reflect internal variances either in time or space. On the other hand, with the advance of processing power, physics-based mathematical models can now be resolved using robust numerical methods implemented on computers. The unresolved CFD-DEM (Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Elements Method) coupling is especially powerful for providing a precise description of particles' individual behavior (including interactions with other solids and the fluid) while preserving a reasonable computational cost. In this thesis, experimental methods and the unresolved CFD-DEM coupling were applied to assess the liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics. Experimental measurements of the expansion behavior of beds were obtained for a wide variety of particles. The experimental results were used to verify the precision of the Richardson-Zaki equation and a proposed alternative method based on drag correlations. The latter has shown superior accuracy for most of the tested cases. The liquid-solid fluidized bed simulations were carried out in Lethe, an open-source CFD, DEM, CFD-DEM, and multiphysics software. Lethe simulations of the pilot-scale liquid-solid fluidized beds were validated for a wide variety of regimes. Discussions on the choice of drag correlation, the robustness of the method with different mesh topologies, and the importance of the Saffman lift force for the accurate simulation of the flow structures are provided. The validated simulations were used to assess the particles' mixing by applying the nearest-neighbors method (NNM) and the mixing index introduced by Doucet. The slowest mixing component for most of the simulations was the axial. The mixing time as a function of the inlet flow rate demonstrates a plateauing behavior for looser beds (fluid fractions above 50%). Variations in the interaction properties of particles do not seem to play an important role in the quantitative mixing. Yet, for a bed of particles with very low Stokes numbers or at very high concentrated beds, increasing the sliding friction coefficient presented a negative impact on the mixing performance. |
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Ferreira, Victor OliveiraLopes, Gabriela Cantarellihttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5680967191791061Blais, Brunohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8310610122680273https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4645-5003https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4475-6075https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6053-6542ec96c301-4390-4ea1-a6f1-60d1e9b7977c2023-11-09T13:37:43Z2023-11-09T13:37:43Z2023-11-06FERREIRA, Victor Oliveira. Liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics: experimental and computational analysis. 2023. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Química) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2023. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/18868.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/18868The liquid-solid fluidization is a simple process intensification strategy. The method remains underexplored, in part, due to the lack of predictability. It is not trivial to assess its internal dynamics without a robust experimental setup and the predictions of its fluid dynamics behavior rely on simple correlations that do not reflect internal variances either in time or space. On the other hand, with the advance of processing power, physics-based mathematical models can now be resolved using robust numerical methods implemented on computers. The unresolved CFD-DEM (Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Elements Method) coupling is especially powerful for providing a precise description of particles' individual behavior (including interactions with other solids and the fluid) while preserving a reasonable computational cost. In this thesis, experimental methods and the unresolved CFD-DEM coupling were applied to assess the liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics. Experimental measurements of the expansion behavior of beds were obtained for a wide variety of particles. The experimental results were used to verify the precision of the Richardson-Zaki equation and a proposed alternative method based on drag correlations. The latter has shown superior accuracy for most of the tested cases. The liquid-solid fluidized bed simulations were carried out in Lethe, an open-source CFD, DEM, CFD-DEM, and multiphysics software. Lethe simulations of the pilot-scale liquid-solid fluidized beds were validated for a wide variety of regimes. Discussions on the choice of drag correlation, the robustness of the method with different mesh topologies, and the importance of the Saffman lift force for the accurate simulation of the flow structures are provided. The validated simulations were used to assess the particles' mixing by applying the nearest-neighbors method (NNM) and the mixing index introduced by Doucet. The slowest mixing component for most of the simulations was the axial. The mixing time as a function of the inlet flow rate demonstrates a plateauing behavior for looser beds (fluid fractions above 50%). Variations in the interaction properties of particles do not seem to play an important role in the quantitative mixing. Yet, for a bed of particles with very low Stokes numbers or at very high concentrated beds, increasing the sliding friction coefficient presented a negative impact on the mixing performance.A fluidização sólido-líquido é uma técnica simples de intensificação de processos. O método ainda é pouco explorado, parcialmente em razão da sua imprevisibilidade. Avaliar sua dinâmica interna sem um robusto aparato experimental não é uma tarefa trivial, enquanto a predição da sua dinâmica depende de correlações simples que não refletem as variações temporais ou espaciais. Por outro lado, com o avanço do poder de processamento, fenômenos físicos podem ser simulados utilizando modelos fenomenológicos complexos e métodos numéricos robustos implementados em computadores. Nesse contexto, o método de acoplamento não resolvido entre a Dinâmica de Fluidos Computacional (CFD, do inglês computational fluid dynamics) e o Método dos Elementos Discretos (DEM, do inglês discrete elements method) se destaca por permitir, concomitantemente, uma descrição precisa do comportamento individual das partículas (incluindo interações com outros sólidos e com o fluido) enquanto preserva um custo computacional razoável. Nesta tese, foram aplicados métodos experimentais e o acoplamento CFD-DEM não resolvido para avaliar a dinâmica do leito fluidizado líquido-sólido. Os resultados experimentais foram usados para verificar a precisão da equação de Richardson-Zaki e de um método proposto baseado em correlações de força de arraste. O método proposto demonstrou precisão superior na maioria dos casos testados. As simulações de leito fluidizado líquido-sólido foram realizadas utilizando o Lethe, um software CFD, DEM, CFD-DEM e multifísica de código aberto. As simulações dos leitos fluidizados líquido-sólido em escala piloto foram validadas para uma ampla variedade de regimes. São apresentadas discussões sobre a escolha da correlação para força de arraste, a robustez do método com diferentes topologias de malha e a importância da força de sustentação de Saffman para a reprodução do comportamento estrutural do fluido. As simulações validadas foram usadas para avaliar o comportamento de mistura de leitos fluidizados líquido-sólido aplicando-se o método dos vizinhos mais próximos (NNM, do inglês nearest-neighbors method) e o índice de mistura de Doucet. O componente axial foi o mais lento na maioria das simulações. O tempo de mistura em função da vazão de fluido alcança um platô para leitos mais diluídos (com frações de fluido acima de 50%). As variações nas propriedades de interação das partículas não desempenharam um papel importante na avaliação quantitativa da mistura. Em leitos de partículas com números de Stokes muito baixos ou em leitos com concentrações muito altas, o aumento do coeficiente de atrito de deslizamento das partículas demonstrou ter um impacto negativo no desempenho da mistura.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Processo nº 2019/19173-9, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Processo nº 2020/14567-6, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)engUniversidade Federal de São CarlosCâmpus São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQUFSCarAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessFluidização líquidaLeito fluidizado sólido-líquidoEscoamentos multifásicosFEMCFD-DEMLiquid fluidizationLiquid-solid fluidized bedMultiphase flowsENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICALiquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics: experimental and computational analysisEstudo da dinâmica de leito fluidizado sólido-líquido: uma análise experimental e computacionalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis600600ad966bd7-9d47-4f1b-9732-0ad2f0578e62reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINALTese___Victor.pdfTese___Victor.pdfapplication/pdf16917100https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/18868/1/Tese___Victor.pdf1cd9d4ef052d9d2b2753f67fab66180fMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8810https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/18868/2/license_rdff337d95da1fce0a22c77480e5e9a7aecMD52TEXTTese___Victor.pdf.txtTese___Victor.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain505977https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/18868/3/Tese___Victor.pdf.txtfa1b7efae3b6ea7c2e5be26ac506711bMD53ufscar/188682024-05-14 17:19:30.903oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/18868Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222024-05-14T17:19:30Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false |
dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv |
Liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics: experimental and computational analysis |
dc.title.alternative.por.fl_str_mv |
Estudo da dinâmica de leito fluidizado sólido-líquido: uma análise experimental e computacional |
title |
Liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics: experimental and computational analysis |
spellingShingle |
Liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics: experimental and computational analysis Ferreira, Victor Oliveira Fluidização líquida Leito fluidizado sólido-líquido Escoamentos multifásicos FEM CFD-DEM Liquid fluidization Liquid-solid fluidized bed Multiphase flows ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
title_short |
Liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics: experimental and computational analysis |
title_full |
Liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics: experimental and computational analysis |
title_fullStr |
Liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics: experimental and computational analysis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics: experimental and computational analysis |
title_sort |
Liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics: experimental and computational analysis |
author |
Ferreira, Victor Oliveira |
author_facet |
Ferreira, Victor Oliveira |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8310610122680273 |
dc.contributor.authororcid.por.fl_str_mv |
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4645-5003 |
dc.contributor.advisor1orcid.por.fl_str_mv |
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4475-6075 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1orcid.por.fl_str_mv |
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6053-6542 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Ferreira, Victor Oliveira |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Lopes, Gabriela Cantarelli |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5680967191791061 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Blais, Bruno |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
ec96c301-4390-4ea1-a6f1-60d1e9b7977c |
contributor_str_mv |
Lopes, Gabriela Cantarelli Blais, Bruno |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Fluidização líquida Leito fluidizado sólido-líquido Escoamentos multifásicos FEM CFD-DEM |
topic |
Fluidização líquida Leito fluidizado sólido-líquido Escoamentos multifásicos FEM CFD-DEM Liquid fluidization Liquid-solid fluidized bed Multiphase flows ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Liquid fluidization Liquid-solid fluidized bed Multiphase flows |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
description |
The liquid-solid fluidization is a simple process intensification strategy. The method remains underexplored, in part, due to the lack of predictability. It is not trivial to assess its internal dynamics without a robust experimental setup and the predictions of its fluid dynamics behavior rely on simple correlations that do not reflect internal variances either in time or space. On the other hand, with the advance of processing power, physics-based mathematical models can now be resolved using robust numerical methods implemented on computers. The unresolved CFD-DEM (Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Elements Method) coupling is especially powerful for providing a precise description of particles' individual behavior (including interactions with other solids and the fluid) while preserving a reasonable computational cost. In this thesis, experimental methods and the unresolved CFD-DEM coupling were applied to assess the liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics. Experimental measurements of the expansion behavior of beds were obtained for a wide variety of particles. The experimental results were used to verify the precision of the Richardson-Zaki equation and a proposed alternative method based on drag correlations. The latter has shown superior accuracy for most of the tested cases. The liquid-solid fluidized bed simulations were carried out in Lethe, an open-source CFD, DEM, CFD-DEM, and multiphysics software. Lethe simulations of the pilot-scale liquid-solid fluidized beds were validated for a wide variety of regimes. Discussions on the choice of drag correlation, the robustness of the method with different mesh topologies, and the importance of the Saffman lift force for the accurate simulation of the flow structures are provided. The validated simulations were used to assess the particles' mixing by applying the nearest-neighbors method (NNM) and the mixing index introduced by Doucet. The slowest mixing component for most of the simulations was the axial. The mixing time as a function of the inlet flow rate demonstrates a plateauing behavior for looser beds (fluid fractions above 50%). Variations in the interaction properties of particles do not seem to play an important role in the quantitative mixing. Yet, for a bed of particles with very low Stokes numbers or at very high concentrated beds, increasing the sliding friction coefficient presented a negative impact on the mixing performance. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2023-11-09T13:37:43Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2023-11-09T13:37:43Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2023-11-06 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
FERREIRA, Victor Oliveira. Liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics: experimental and computational analysis. 2023. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Química) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2023. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/18868. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/18868 |
identifier_str_mv |
FERREIRA, Victor Oliveira. Liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics: experimental and computational analysis. 2023. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Química) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2023. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/18868. |
url |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/18868 |
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eng |
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eng |
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600 600 |
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ |
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openAccess |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ |
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UFSCar |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
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