Monitoramento de impactos ambientais pós-implantação de estações de tratamento de esgotos sanitários
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/11706 |
Resumo: | Among the projects that must be submitted to Environmental Licensing process with Environmental Impact Assessment - EIA in Brazil are the Wastewater Treatment Plants - WWTPs, due to their potential to generate significant negative environmental impacts. A fundamental step of the EIA is the post-implantation monitoring of the projects, as it reinforces the importance and gives meaning to the existence of its main instrument, the environmental impact study. However, researches in several countries, including Brazil, have identified that the post-project impacts monitoring stage has been neglected and the environmental impact studies have been considered as bureaucratic obstacles, whose importance ends in the granting of the Operation License - OL. From this perspective, the actions of the entrepreneurs regarding environmental impacts monitoring based on environmental impact studies are of great importance, as well as the actions of the environmental agencies, responsible for follow-up this monitoring. Thus, the aim of this research was to study aspects of post-project impacts monitoring of WWTPs in São Paulo state, based on its environmental impact study, the Preliminary Environmental Reports - PERs, as well as the actions of the environmental agency, the São Paulo State Environmental Company-CETESB, to follow up that monitoring. As a methodology, a bibliographic research; technical visits to the WWTPs for knowledge and to register observations of the treatment process, as well as getting photographic material to aid in the collection, interpretation and analysis of data were carried out. Interviews with the WWTPs managers, with a technician of Environmental Impact Assessment Board at the headquarters of CETESB in São Paulo, and with CETESB agencies managers were also made. Among the results obtained, the following were observed: the absence of management and monitoring plans in WWTPs PERs; unfamiliarity with the WWTPs PERs by the managers and the station's staff; the consideration by WWTPs managers that PER is a document of the past whose importance comes down to obtaining OL; the absence of post-project impacts monitoring based on PER; and the submission of data by the WWTPs to CETESB referring only to the wastewater treatment, such as the quality of the treated effluent and the river that receives this effluent body. Other results were: the verification of environmental impacts, that occurred or that may occur, not foreseen in the PERs; the contradiction between the managements of WWTPs and CETESB agencies regarding the requirements related to environmental monitoring and the visits by the agencies to the stations; and the lack of political will to implement improvement and problem solving projects, at least in one of the cases. It is considered that the results obtained in this research can subsidize the use and improvement of management and monitoring plans, the elaboration of future environmental impact studies, as well as to contribute to more effective actions of CETESB and WWTPs regarding the monitoring of environmental impacts in the post-implantation stage of WWTPs. |
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Fajardo, Poliana ArrudaSalvador, Nemésio Neves Batistahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9930582531600560http://lattes.cnpq.br/66792064178669189fc9200a-3ec4-4c18-a180-dfbc19b736b22019-08-12T17:36:15Z2019-08-12T17:36:15Z2019-03-12FAJARDO, Poliana Arruda. Monitoramento de impactos ambientais pós-implantação de estações de tratamento de esgotos sanitários. 2019. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Urbana) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2019. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/11706.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/11706Among the projects that must be submitted to Environmental Licensing process with Environmental Impact Assessment - EIA in Brazil are the Wastewater Treatment Plants - WWTPs, due to their potential to generate significant negative environmental impacts. A fundamental step of the EIA is the post-implantation monitoring of the projects, as it reinforces the importance and gives meaning to the existence of its main instrument, the environmental impact study. However, researches in several countries, including Brazil, have identified that the post-project impacts monitoring stage has been neglected and the environmental impact studies have been considered as bureaucratic obstacles, whose importance ends in the granting of the Operation License - OL. From this perspective, the actions of the entrepreneurs regarding environmental impacts monitoring based on environmental impact studies are of great importance, as well as the actions of the environmental agencies, responsible for follow-up this monitoring. Thus, the aim of this research was to study aspects of post-project impacts monitoring of WWTPs in São Paulo state, based on its environmental impact study, the Preliminary Environmental Reports - PERs, as well as the actions of the environmental agency, the São Paulo State Environmental Company-CETESB, to follow up that monitoring. As a methodology, a bibliographic research; technical visits to the WWTPs for knowledge and to register observations of the treatment process, as well as getting photographic material to aid in the collection, interpretation and analysis of data were carried out. Interviews with the WWTPs managers, with a technician of Environmental Impact Assessment Board at the headquarters of CETESB in São Paulo, and with CETESB agencies managers were also made. Among the results obtained, the following were observed: the absence of management and monitoring plans in WWTPs PERs; unfamiliarity with the WWTPs PERs by the managers and the station's staff; the consideration by WWTPs managers that PER is a document of the past whose importance comes down to obtaining OL; the absence of post-project impacts monitoring based on PER; and the submission of data by the WWTPs to CETESB referring only to the wastewater treatment, such as the quality of the treated effluent and the river that receives this effluent body. Other results were: the verification of environmental impacts, that occurred or that may occur, not foreseen in the PERs; the contradiction between the managements of WWTPs and CETESB agencies regarding the requirements related to environmental monitoring and the visits by the agencies to the stations; and the lack of political will to implement improvement and problem solving projects, at least in one of the cases. It is considered that the results obtained in this research can subsidize the use and improvement of management and monitoring plans, the elaboration of future environmental impact studies, as well as to contribute to more effective actions of CETESB and WWTPs regarding the monitoring of environmental impacts in the post-implantation stage of WWTPs.As estações de tratamento de esgotos sanitários - ETEs estão entre os empreendimentos que devem ser submetidos ao licenciamento ambiental com Avaliação de Impacto Ambiental - AIA no Brasil, devido ao seu potencial de gerar impactos ambientais negativos significativos. Uma etapa fundamental da AIA é o monitoramento pós-implantação dos empreendimentos, pois reforça a importância e confere sentido à existência de seu principal instrumento, o estudo de impacto ambiental. No entanto, pesquisas em vários países, inclusive no Brasil, identificaram que a etapa de monitoramento pós-implantação tem sido negligenciada e os estudos de impacto ambiental considerados como entraves burocráticos, cuja importância termina na concessão da Licença de Operação - LO. Sob esta perspectiva, assumem grande importância as ações dos empreendedores quanto ao monitoramento de impactos ambientais baseado nos estudos de impacto ambiental, bem como as ações dos órgãos ambientais fiscalizadores responsáveis pelo acompanhamento desse monitoramento. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi o de estudar aspectos do monitoramento de impactos ambientais pós-implantação de ETEs do interior do estado de São Paulo, com base em seus estudos de impacto ambiental, do tipo Relatório Ambiental Preliminar, bem como as ações do órgão ambiental fiscalizador, a Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo - CETESB, para o acompanhamento desse monitoramento. Como metodologia, foram realizados levantamento bibliográfico; visitas técnicas às ETEs para o conhecimento e registro de observações do processo de tratamento, assim como levantamento de material fotográfico como suporte à coleta, interpretação e análise dos dados. Foram realizadas também entrevistas com as gerências das ETEs, com uma funcionária da Diretoria de Avaliação de Impacto Ambiental, na sede da CETESB em São Paulo, e com as gerências de agências regionais da CETESB. Entre os resultados obtidos, foi observado que: a ausência de planos de gestão e de monitoramento nos RAPs das ETEs; o desconhecimento dos RAPs pelas gerências e restante das equipes das estações; a consideração pelas gerências das ETEs de que o RAP é um documento do passado cuja importância se resume à obtenção da LO; a ausência de monitoramento de impactos ambientais com base no RAP; e a apresentação pelas ETEs à CETESB de dados referentes somente ao tratamento de esgotos sanitários, como a qualidade do efluente tratado e do corpo receptor. Outros resultados foram: a constatação de impactos ambientais ocorridos ou que podem ocorrer não previstos nos RAPs; a contradição entre as administrações das ETEs e as agências das CETESB quanto às exigências relativas ao monitoramento ambiental e às visitas realizadas pelas agências nas estações; e a insuficiência de vontade política para a implementação de projetos de melhoria e resolução de problemas, ao menos em um dos casos. Considera-se que os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa podem subsidiar a utilização e o aprimoramento de planos de gestão e monitoramento, a elaboração de futuros estudos de impacto ambiental, bem como contribuir para ações mais efetivas da CETESB e das ETEs quanto ao monitoramento de impactos ambientais na etapa de pós-implantação de ETEs.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)CAPES: 31000601803porUniversidade Federal de São CarlosCâmpus São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Urbana - PPGEUUFSCarAIALicenciamento ambientalImpactos ambientaisMonitoramento ambientalEstações de Tratamento de Esgotos sanitáriosEIAEnvironmental licensingEnvironmental impactsEnvironmental monitoringWastewater Treatment PlantsCIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ADMINISTRACAO::ADMINISTRACAO PUBLICAENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO AMBIENTALENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO BASICOENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::TRATAMENTO DE AGUAS DE ABASTECIMENTO E RESIDUARIASENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL::QUALIDADE DO AR, DAS AGUAS E DO SOLOCIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::PLANEJAMENTO URBANO E REGIONAL::SERVICOS URBANOS E REGIONAIS::ADMINISTRACAO MUNICIPAL E URBANAMonitoramento de impactos ambientais pós-implantação de estações de tratamento de esgotos sanitáriosPost-project monitoring of environmental impacts on wastewater treatment plantsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisOnline6006008870f1f7-368a-4a02-b66d-f0092c62cd71info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINALTese_Fajardo_PolianaArruda_2019.pdfTese_Fajardo_PolianaArruda_2019.pdfTese completa.application/pdf3386043https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/11706/1/Tese_Fajardo_PolianaArruda_2019.pdf13ce7ac2c2b10435bba9251a15c4111dMD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Monitoramento de impactos ambientais pós-implantação de estações de tratamento de esgotos sanitários |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Post-project monitoring of environmental impacts on wastewater treatment plants |
title |
Monitoramento de impactos ambientais pós-implantação de estações de tratamento de esgotos sanitários |
spellingShingle |
Monitoramento de impactos ambientais pós-implantação de estações de tratamento de esgotos sanitários Fajardo, Poliana Arruda AIA Licenciamento ambiental Impactos ambientais Monitoramento ambiental Estações de Tratamento de Esgotos sanitários EIA Environmental licensing Environmental impacts Environmental monitoring Wastewater Treatment Plants CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ADMINISTRACAO::ADMINISTRACAO PUBLICA ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO BASICO ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::TRATAMENTO DE AGUAS DE ABASTECIMENTO E RESIDUARIAS ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL::QUALIDADE DO AR, DAS AGUAS E DO SOLO CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::PLANEJAMENTO URBANO E REGIONAL::SERVICOS URBANOS E REGIONAIS::ADMINISTRACAO MUNICIPAL E URBANA |
title_short |
Monitoramento de impactos ambientais pós-implantação de estações de tratamento de esgotos sanitários |
title_full |
Monitoramento de impactos ambientais pós-implantação de estações de tratamento de esgotos sanitários |
title_fullStr |
Monitoramento de impactos ambientais pós-implantação de estações de tratamento de esgotos sanitários |
title_full_unstemmed |
Monitoramento de impactos ambientais pós-implantação de estações de tratamento de esgotos sanitários |
title_sort |
Monitoramento de impactos ambientais pós-implantação de estações de tratamento de esgotos sanitários |
author |
Fajardo, Poliana Arruda |
author_facet |
Fajardo, Poliana Arruda |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6679206417866918 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Fajardo, Poliana Arruda |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Salvador, Nemésio Neves Batista |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9930582531600560 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
9fc9200a-3ec4-4c18-a180-dfbc19b736b2 |
contributor_str_mv |
Salvador, Nemésio Neves Batista |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
AIA Licenciamento ambiental Impactos ambientais Monitoramento ambiental Estações de Tratamento de Esgotos sanitários |
topic |
AIA Licenciamento ambiental Impactos ambientais Monitoramento ambiental Estações de Tratamento de Esgotos sanitários EIA Environmental licensing Environmental impacts Environmental monitoring Wastewater Treatment Plants CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ADMINISTRACAO::ADMINISTRACAO PUBLICA ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO BASICO ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::TRATAMENTO DE AGUAS DE ABASTECIMENTO E RESIDUARIAS ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL::QUALIDADE DO AR, DAS AGUAS E DO SOLO CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::PLANEJAMENTO URBANO E REGIONAL::SERVICOS URBANOS E REGIONAIS::ADMINISTRACAO MUNICIPAL E URBANA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
EIA Environmental licensing Environmental impacts Environmental monitoring Wastewater Treatment Plants |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ADMINISTRACAO::ADMINISTRACAO PUBLICA ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO BASICO ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::TRATAMENTO DE AGUAS DE ABASTECIMENTO E RESIDUARIAS ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL::QUALIDADE DO AR, DAS AGUAS E DO SOLO CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::PLANEJAMENTO URBANO E REGIONAL::SERVICOS URBANOS E REGIONAIS::ADMINISTRACAO MUNICIPAL E URBANA |
description |
Among the projects that must be submitted to Environmental Licensing process with Environmental Impact Assessment - EIA in Brazil are the Wastewater Treatment Plants - WWTPs, due to their potential to generate significant negative environmental impacts. A fundamental step of the EIA is the post-implantation monitoring of the projects, as it reinforces the importance and gives meaning to the existence of its main instrument, the environmental impact study. However, researches in several countries, including Brazil, have identified that the post-project impacts monitoring stage has been neglected and the environmental impact studies have been considered as bureaucratic obstacles, whose importance ends in the granting of the Operation License - OL. From this perspective, the actions of the entrepreneurs regarding environmental impacts monitoring based on environmental impact studies are of great importance, as well as the actions of the environmental agencies, responsible for follow-up this monitoring. Thus, the aim of this research was to study aspects of post-project impacts monitoring of WWTPs in São Paulo state, based on its environmental impact study, the Preliminary Environmental Reports - PERs, as well as the actions of the environmental agency, the São Paulo State Environmental Company-CETESB, to follow up that monitoring. As a methodology, a bibliographic research; technical visits to the WWTPs for knowledge and to register observations of the treatment process, as well as getting photographic material to aid in the collection, interpretation and analysis of data were carried out. Interviews with the WWTPs managers, with a technician of Environmental Impact Assessment Board at the headquarters of CETESB in São Paulo, and with CETESB agencies managers were also made. Among the results obtained, the following were observed: the absence of management and monitoring plans in WWTPs PERs; unfamiliarity with the WWTPs PERs by the managers and the station's staff; the consideration by WWTPs managers that PER is a document of the past whose importance comes down to obtaining OL; the absence of post-project impacts monitoring based on PER; and the submission of data by the WWTPs to CETESB referring only to the wastewater treatment, such as the quality of the treated effluent and the river that receives this effluent body. Other results were: the verification of environmental impacts, that occurred or that may occur, not foreseen in the PERs; the contradiction between the managements of WWTPs and CETESB agencies regarding the requirements related to environmental monitoring and the visits by the agencies to the stations; and the lack of political will to implement improvement and problem solving projects, at least in one of the cases. It is considered that the results obtained in this research can subsidize the use and improvement of management and monitoring plans, the elaboration of future environmental impact studies, as well as to contribute to more effective actions of CETESB and WWTPs regarding the monitoring of environmental impacts in the post-implantation stage of WWTPs. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2019-08-12T17:36:15Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2019-08-12T17:36:15Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2019-03-12 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
FAJARDO, Poliana Arruda. Monitoramento de impactos ambientais pós-implantação de estações de tratamento de esgotos sanitários. 2019. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Urbana) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2019. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/11706. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/11706 |
identifier_str_mv |
FAJARDO, Poliana Arruda. Monitoramento de impactos ambientais pós-implantação de estações de tratamento de esgotos sanitários. 2019. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Urbana) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2019. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/11706. |
url |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/11706 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 600 |
dc.relation.authority.fl_str_mv |
8870f1f7-368a-4a02-b66d-f0092c62cd71 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Urbana - PPGEU |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSCar |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) |
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Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) |
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