Política externa americana no pós-guerra fria : como se posicionam democratas e republicanos?
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2017 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/9420 |
Resumo: | The starting point of this thesis is the understanding of the theoretical perspective of the new institutionalism of the rational choice that the behavior of the parties can be considered an optimal adaptation to an institutional environment. We sought to demonstrate that the American foreign policy was set up after the end of the Cold War as a game (considering one arena) or a set of games (considering multiple arenas), restricted to only two parties, within a space of competition in which they employ centripetal/moderate or centrifugal/ideological strategies in order to obtain political victories. We found that the parties sought both political victories and the manifestation of ideological positions in all arenas. These positions characterized the Democratic Party as center-liberal and the Republican Party as center-conservative in the ideological spectrum of the foreign policy. However, in specific political contexts, the parties have made ideological inflections in order to obtain only victories. These inflections can be explained by variations on the perception of external threat, on the evaluation of the presidential administration, on the degree of control of the Executive over the Legislative, on the composition of the Executive's foreign policy Office, and on the ideological alignment of public opinion. In fact, the parties presented different behaviors in each of the arenas. They were most contentious in the electoral arena than in others. This difference suggests that parties have used seemingly sub-optimal strategies. However, we demonstrate that these strategies rationally express the functions that the parties assume in each of the arenas, being an optimized response to the strategic interaction between them and the political context. |
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Contrera, FlávioBraga, Maria do Socorro Sousahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215http://lattes.cnpq.br/8376542572229961bdca9c77-6481-40be-aff2-e2fe133c96112018-02-15T12:26:30Z2018-02-15T12:26:30Z2017-06-07CONTRERA, Flávio. Política externa americana no pós-guerra fria : como se posicionam democratas e republicanos?. 2017. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência Política) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2017. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/9420.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/9420The starting point of this thesis is the understanding of the theoretical perspective of the new institutionalism of the rational choice that the behavior of the parties can be considered an optimal adaptation to an institutional environment. We sought to demonstrate that the American foreign policy was set up after the end of the Cold War as a game (considering one arena) or a set of games (considering multiple arenas), restricted to only two parties, within a space of competition in which they employ centripetal/moderate or centrifugal/ideological strategies in order to obtain political victories. We found that the parties sought both political victories and the manifestation of ideological positions in all arenas. These positions characterized the Democratic Party as center-liberal and the Republican Party as center-conservative in the ideological spectrum of the foreign policy. However, in specific political contexts, the parties have made ideological inflections in order to obtain only victories. These inflections can be explained by variations on the perception of external threat, on the evaluation of the presidential administration, on the degree of control of the Executive over the Legislative, on the composition of the Executive's foreign policy Office, and on the ideological alignment of public opinion. In fact, the parties presented different behaviors in each of the arenas. They were most contentious in the electoral arena than in others. This difference suggests that parties have used seemingly sub-optimal strategies. However, we demonstrate that these strategies rationally express the functions that the parties assume in each of the arenas, being an optimized response to the strategic interaction between them and the political context.Partindo do entendimento da perspectiva teórica do novo institucionalismo da escolha racional de que o comportamento dos partidos pode ser considerado uma adaptação ótima a um ambiente institucional, buscamos demonstrar que a política externa estadunidense se configurou após o fim da Guerra Fria enquanto um jogo (considerando uma arena) ou um conjunto de jogos (considerando múltiplas arenas), restrito a apenas dois partidos, dentro de um espaço de competição, em que eles empregam estratégias centrípetas/moderadas ou centrífugas/ideológicas com o intuito de conquistar vitórias políticas. Descobrimos que os partidos buscaram conciliar a obtenção de vitórias políticas com a manifestação de posições ideológicas em todas as arenas. Essas posições caracterizaram o Partido Democrata como centro-liberal e o Partido Republicano como centro-conservador no espectro ideológico da política externa. Todavia, em alguns contextos os partidos realizaram inflexões ideológicas visando somente a obtenção de vitórias. Essas inflexões podem ser explicadas por variações na percepção de ameaça externa, na avaliação da administração presidencial, no grau de controle do Executivo sobre o Legislativo, na composição do gabinete de política externa do Executivo e no alinhamento ideológico da opinião pública. Com efeito, os partidos apresentaram comportamentos diferentes em cada uma das arenas, sendo mais conflituosos na arena eleitoral do que nas demais. Essa diferença sugere que os partidos empregaram, por vezes, estratégias aparentemente subótimas. Contudo, demonstramos que essas estratégias expressam racionalmente as funções que os partidos assumem em cada arena, sendo uma resposta otimizada á interação estratégica e ao contexto político.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)porUniversidade Federal de São CarlosCâmpus São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Política - PPGPolUFSCarEstados UnidosDemocratasRepublicanosPolítica externaPós-guerra friaUnited StatesDemocratsRepublicansForeign policyPost-cold warCIENCIAS HUMANAS::CIENCIA POLITICAPolítica externa americana no pós-guerra fria : como se posicionam democratas e republicanos?info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisOnline60060075c76fa1-31f6-4c7c-827c-c478dc7baee1info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINALTeseFC.pdfTeseFC.pdfapplication/pdf6114764https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/9420/1/TeseFC.pdfb7a0955892b72272e856a9ee0debe6d1MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81957https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/9420/2/license.txtae0398b6f8b235e40ad82cba6c50031dMD52TEXTTeseFC.pdf.txtTeseFC.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain875847https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/9420/3/TeseFC.pdf.txt668ff9405cdd6f6c3232987e16472cc9MD53THUMBNAILTeseFC.pdf.jpgTeseFC.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg5908https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/9420/4/TeseFC.pdf.jpg7a9e3dc6f29db9e6077f59c2d6e766e5MD54ufscar/94202023-09-18 18:31:12.461oai:repositorio.ufscar.br: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Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222023-09-18T18:31:12Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Política externa americana no pós-guerra fria : como se posicionam democratas e republicanos? |
title |
Política externa americana no pós-guerra fria : como se posicionam democratas e republicanos? |
spellingShingle |
Política externa americana no pós-guerra fria : como se posicionam democratas e republicanos? Contrera, Flávio Estados Unidos Democratas Republicanos Política externa Pós-guerra fria United States Democrats Republicans Foreign policy Post-cold war CIENCIAS HUMANAS::CIENCIA POLITICA |
title_short |
Política externa americana no pós-guerra fria : como se posicionam democratas e republicanos? |
title_full |
Política externa americana no pós-guerra fria : como se posicionam democratas e republicanos? |
title_fullStr |
Política externa americana no pós-guerra fria : como se posicionam democratas e republicanos? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Política externa americana no pós-guerra fria : como se posicionam democratas e republicanos? |
title_sort |
Política externa americana no pós-guerra fria : como se posicionam democratas e republicanos? |
author |
Contrera, Flávio |
author_facet |
Contrera, Flávio |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8376542572229961 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Contrera, Flávio |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
bdca9c77-6481-40be-aff2-e2fe133c9611 |
contributor_str_mv |
Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Estados Unidos Democratas Republicanos Política externa Pós-guerra fria |
topic |
Estados Unidos Democratas Republicanos Política externa Pós-guerra fria United States Democrats Republicans Foreign policy Post-cold war CIENCIAS HUMANAS::CIENCIA POLITICA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
United States Democrats Republicans Foreign policy Post-cold war |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CIENCIAS HUMANAS::CIENCIA POLITICA |
description |
The starting point of this thesis is the understanding of the theoretical perspective of the new institutionalism of the rational choice that the behavior of the parties can be considered an optimal adaptation to an institutional environment. We sought to demonstrate that the American foreign policy was set up after the end of the Cold War as a game (considering one arena) or a set of games (considering multiple arenas), restricted to only two parties, within a space of competition in which they employ centripetal/moderate or centrifugal/ideological strategies in order to obtain political victories. We found that the parties sought both political victories and the manifestation of ideological positions in all arenas. These positions characterized the Democratic Party as center-liberal and the Republican Party as center-conservative in the ideological spectrum of the foreign policy. However, in specific political contexts, the parties have made ideological inflections in order to obtain only victories. These inflections can be explained by variations on the perception of external threat, on the evaluation of the presidential administration, on the degree of control of the Executive over the Legislative, on the composition of the Executive's foreign policy Office, and on the ideological alignment of public opinion. In fact, the parties presented different behaviors in each of the arenas. They were most contentious in the electoral arena than in others. This difference suggests that parties have used seemingly sub-optimal strategies. However, we demonstrate that these strategies rationally express the functions that the parties assume in each of the arenas, being an optimized response to the strategic interaction between them and the political context. |
publishDate |
2017 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2017-06-07 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2018-02-15T12:26:30Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2018-02-15T12:26:30Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
CONTRERA, Flávio. Política externa americana no pós-guerra fria : como se posicionam democratas e republicanos?. 2017. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência Política) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2017. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/9420. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/9420 |
identifier_str_mv |
CONTRERA, Flávio. Política externa americana no pós-guerra fria : como se posicionam democratas e republicanos?. 2017. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência Política) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2017. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/9420. |
url |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/9420 |
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por |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Política - PPGPol |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSCar |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
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