Compósitos de matrizes poliméricas com mantas aleatórias de fibras vegetais de sisal e de coco
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2013 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1175 |
Resumo: | The search for new materials in order to alleviate the environmental problems have encouraged the use of raw materials of natural origin to replace, at least partially, to synthetically produced. Vegetable fibers may be used for incorporation into composites of polymer matrices, being renewable, biodegradable and non-toxic. However, generally vegetable fibers exhibit lower mechanical and thermal properties due to the components present in the fiber (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) when compared with high performance fibers such as glass fibers and carbon. In general, polymeric matrices can be of three types; thermoset, thermoplastic and thermoplastic biodegradable. In this paper, polymeric matrices and composites of polymer matrices were obtained with the use of random webs of coconut fibers and sisal fibers by compression molding in a hydraulic press. This study involved a comparative study of composites molded polymer matrices with their epoxy resin, polypropylene (PP), and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) without fiber. Were performed some types of thermal and mechanical tests for all molded materials. The techniques used were differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) in bending mode, and mechanical tests of flexural and tensile before and after conditioning in air chamber, with temperature and humidity. The results of flexural tests to room temperature for composites of epoxy resin and PHB values were similar in the resistance of materials when compared to the respective polymer matrix without fibers. The composite of PP / sisal fibers showed a higher resistance when compared to PP without fiber, related to good fiber-matrix interaction. Flexural and tensile tests of specimens after the conditioning chamber for acclimatization showed decreases in resistance of all materials, being more pronounced for composites due to high moisture absorption of natural fibers. The results of DMTA before conditioning showed an increase in E' of the composites of epoxy resin as compared to the epoxy resin without fibers, because the fibers restrict the movement of the molecular chains located at the interfacial region. Relative to PP, composite PP / sisal fibers had an E' greater. The PHB without fibers showed a modulus greater than the composites containing coconut fiber and sisal fibers. DMTA analyzes performed on materials post conditioning decreased in modules, due to weakening of the fiber-matrix interactions. |
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Darros, Andressa BellaPaiva, Jane Maria Faulstich dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7926832511513537Botaro, Vagner Robertohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2907189124654066Mancini, Sandro Donninihttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5091149098462301http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4270594H3ecc1de21-8661-48ec-bdc5-cce0089c15012016-06-02T19:19:56Z2013-10-242016-06-02T19:19:56Z2013-03-15https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1175The search for new materials in order to alleviate the environmental problems have encouraged the use of raw materials of natural origin to replace, at least partially, to synthetically produced. Vegetable fibers may be used for incorporation into composites of polymer matrices, being renewable, biodegradable and non-toxic. However, generally vegetable fibers exhibit lower mechanical and thermal properties due to the components present in the fiber (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) when compared with high performance fibers such as glass fibers and carbon. In general, polymeric matrices can be of three types; thermoset, thermoplastic and thermoplastic biodegradable. In this paper, polymeric matrices and composites of polymer matrices were obtained with the use of random webs of coconut fibers and sisal fibers by compression molding in a hydraulic press. This study involved a comparative study of composites molded polymer matrices with their epoxy resin, polypropylene (PP), and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) without fiber. Were performed some types of thermal and mechanical tests for all molded materials. The techniques used were differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) in bending mode, and mechanical tests of flexural and tensile before and after conditioning in air chamber, with temperature and humidity. The results of flexural tests to room temperature for composites of epoxy resin and PHB values were similar in the resistance of materials when compared to the respective polymer matrix without fibers. The composite of PP / sisal fibers showed a higher resistance when compared to PP without fiber, related to good fiber-matrix interaction. Flexural and tensile tests of specimens after the conditioning chamber for acclimatization showed decreases in resistance of all materials, being more pronounced for composites due to high moisture absorption of natural fibers. The results of DMTA before conditioning showed an increase in E' of the composites of epoxy resin as compared to the epoxy resin without fibers, because the fibers restrict the movement of the molecular chains located at the interfacial region. Relative to PP, composite PP / sisal fibers had an E' greater. The PHB without fibers showed a modulus greater than the composites containing coconut fiber and sisal fibers. DMTA analyzes performed on materials post conditioning decreased in modules, due to weakening of the fiber-matrix interactions.A busca por novos materiais visando amenizar os problemas ambientais têm incentivado a utilização de matérias-primas de origem natural em substituição, pelo menos parcial, às sinteticamente produzidas. As fibras vegetais podem ser utilizadas para incorporação em compósitos de matrizes poliméricas, por serem de fontes renováveis, biodegradáveis e não tóxicas. Entretanto, geralmente, as fibras vegetais apresentam propriedades mecânicas e térmicas inferiores devido aos componentes presentes na fibra (celulose, hemicelulose e lignina), quando comparadas às fibras de alto desempenho, como fibras de vidro e de carbono. Em geral, as matrizes poliméricas podem ser de três tipos; termorrígida, termoplástica e termoplástica biodegradável. Neste trabalho, matrizes poliméricas e compósitos de matrizes poliméricas foram obtidos com a utilização de mantas aleatórias de fibras de coco e de fibras de sisal através da moldagem por compressão em prensa hidráulica. Assim, este trabalho envolveu um estudo comparativo dos compósitos moldados com suas respectivas matrizes poliméricas (resina epóxi, polipropileno (PP), e polihidroxibutirato (PHB)). Foram realizados alguns tipos de análises térmicas e ensaios mecânicos para todos os materiais moldados. As técnicas utilizadas foram a calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC), termogravimetria (TG), análise térmica dinâmico-mecânica (DMTA) no modo de flexão, e ensaios mecânicos de flexão e de tração antes e pós-condicionamento em câmara de climatização, com temperatura e umidade. Os resultados dos ensaios mecânicos de flexão à temperatura ambiente dos compósitos de resina epóxi e do PHB obtiveram valores similares nas resistências dos materiais quando comparados às respectivas matrizes poliméricas, sem fibras vegetais. viii O compósito de PP/Fibras de sisal apresentou uma resistência mais elevada quando comparado ao PP sem fibras, relacionado a uma boa interação fibra-matriz. Os ensaios de flexão e de tração de corpos-de-prova após o condicionamento em câmara de climatização apresentaram decréscimos nas resistências de todos os materiais, sendo mais acentuados para os compósitos devido a elevada absorção de umidade das fibras vegetais. Os resultados de DMTA antes do condicionamento apresentaram aumento no E dos compósitos de resina epóxi em comparação com a resina epóxi sem fibras, devido às fibras limitarem a movimentação das cadeias moleculares localizadas na região interfacial. Em relação ao PP, o compósito PP/fibras de sisal apresentou um E mais elevado. O PHB sem fibras apresentou um módulo maior que os compósitos contendo mantas de fibras de coco e de fibras de sisal. As análises de DMTA realizadas nos materiais pós-condicionamento apresentaram decréscimos nos módulos, devido ao enfraquecimento das interações fibra-matriz.Financiadora de Estudos e Projetosapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência dos Materiais - PPGCM-SoUFSCarBRmateriais compósitospolímerosfibrascompósitosfibras vegetaisanálisesensaios mecânicoscompositespolymersnatural fibersanalysismechanical testsENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::TECNOLOGIA QUIMICA::POLIMEROSCompósitos de matrizes poliméricas com mantas aleatórias de fibras vegetais de sisal e de cocoPolymeric matrices composites with vegetable fibers random mat of sisal and coconutinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis-1-1c9c54c78-befe-4ed6-b00a-4f408717db3finfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINALDARROS_Andressa_2013.pdfapplication/pdf2489179https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/1175/1/DARROS_Andressa_2013.pdff31dd28ac3f9d3703a4ab312265e2f12MD51TEXTDARROS_Andressa_2013.pdf.txtDARROS_Andressa_2013.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain0https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/1175/2/DARROS_Andressa_2013.pdf.txtd41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427eMD52THUMBNAILDARROS_Andressa_2013.pdf.jpgDARROS_Andressa_2013.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg5515https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/1175/3/DARROS_Andressa_2013.pdf.jpg3d33ce02916a22463ba79b07d777558bMD53ufscar/11752023-09-18 18:31:28.768oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/1175Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222023-09-18T18:31:28Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Compósitos de matrizes poliméricas com mantas aleatórias de fibras vegetais de sisal e de coco |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Polymeric matrices composites with vegetable fibers random mat of sisal and coconut |
title |
Compósitos de matrizes poliméricas com mantas aleatórias de fibras vegetais de sisal e de coco |
spellingShingle |
Compósitos de matrizes poliméricas com mantas aleatórias de fibras vegetais de sisal e de coco Darros, Andressa Bella materiais compósitos polímeros fibras compósitos fibras vegetais análises ensaios mecânicos composites polymers natural fibers analysis mechanical tests ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::TECNOLOGIA QUIMICA::POLIMEROS |
title_short |
Compósitos de matrizes poliméricas com mantas aleatórias de fibras vegetais de sisal e de coco |
title_full |
Compósitos de matrizes poliméricas com mantas aleatórias de fibras vegetais de sisal e de coco |
title_fullStr |
Compósitos de matrizes poliméricas com mantas aleatórias de fibras vegetais de sisal e de coco |
title_full_unstemmed |
Compósitos de matrizes poliméricas com mantas aleatórias de fibras vegetais de sisal e de coco |
title_sort |
Compósitos de matrizes poliméricas com mantas aleatórias de fibras vegetais de sisal e de coco |
author |
Darros, Andressa Bella |
author_facet |
Darros, Andressa Bella |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4270594H3 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Darros, Andressa Bella |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Paiva, Jane Maria Faulstich de |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7926832511513537 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Botaro, Vagner Roberto |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2907189124654066 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Mancini, Sandro Donnini |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5091149098462301 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
ecc1de21-8661-48ec-bdc5-cce0089c1501 |
contributor_str_mv |
Paiva, Jane Maria Faulstich de Botaro, Vagner Roberto Mancini, Sandro Donnini |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
materiais compósitos polímeros fibras compósitos fibras vegetais análises ensaios mecânicos |
topic |
materiais compósitos polímeros fibras compósitos fibras vegetais análises ensaios mecânicos composites polymers natural fibers analysis mechanical tests ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::TECNOLOGIA QUIMICA::POLIMEROS |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
composites polymers natural fibers analysis mechanical tests |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::TECNOLOGIA QUIMICA::POLIMEROS |
description |
The search for new materials in order to alleviate the environmental problems have encouraged the use of raw materials of natural origin to replace, at least partially, to synthetically produced. Vegetable fibers may be used for incorporation into composites of polymer matrices, being renewable, biodegradable and non-toxic. However, generally vegetable fibers exhibit lower mechanical and thermal properties due to the components present in the fiber (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) when compared with high performance fibers such as glass fibers and carbon. In general, polymeric matrices can be of three types; thermoset, thermoplastic and thermoplastic biodegradable. In this paper, polymeric matrices and composites of polymer matrices were obtained with the use of random webs of coconut fibers and sisal fibers by compression molding in a hydraulic press. This study involved a comparative study of composites molded polymer matrices with their epoxy resin, polypropylene (PP), and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) without fiber. Were performed some types of thermal and mechanical tests for all molded materials. The techniques used were differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) in bending mode, and mechanical tests of flexural and tensile before and after conditioning in air chamber, with temperature and humidity. The results of flexural tests to room temperature for composites of epoxy resin and PHB values were similar in the resistance of materials when compared to the respective polymer matrix without fibers. The composite of PP / sisal fibers showed a higher resistance when compared to PP without fiber, related to good fiber-matrix interaction. Flexural and tensile tests of specimens after the conditioning chamber for acclimatization showed decreases in resistance of all materials, being more pronounced for composites due to high moisture absorption of natural fibers. The results of DMTA before conditioning showed an increase in E' of the composites of epoxy resin as compared to the epoxy resin without fibers, because the fibers restrict the movement of the molecular chains located at the interfacial region. Relative to PP, composite PP / sisal fibers had an E' greater. The PHB without fibers showed a modulus greater than the composites containing coconut fiber and sisal fibers. DMTA analyzes performed on materials post conditioning decreased in modules, due to weakening of the fiber-matrix interactions. |
publishDate |
2013 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2013-10-24 2016-06-02T19:19:56Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2013-03-15 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2016-06-02T19:19:56Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
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publishedVersion |
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https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1175 |
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https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1175 |
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por |
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por |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência dos Materiais - PPGCM-So |
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UFSCar |
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BR |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos |
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