Estratégias operatórias para a colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar: contribuições para o desempenho
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13188 |
Resumo: | Introduction - The current production rates of the mechanized sugarcane harvest, below those expected at the beginning of the mechanization process, motivate countless researchers to make several quantitative methodological attempts in the different dimensions of the activity, in order to understand how the variables of the mechanized cutting process are correlated and how they interfere in the performance of the harvesting equipment. However, from a speech by a harvester operator: “It is the cane that shows the ability for you to walk”, the intelligence of the worker's practice in his/her activity is revealed, showing his/her fundamental role in the operational performance through his/her reading of the cane field. Objective - Evaluate how the technocentric and quantitative variables used in the calculation of the global efficiency of the sugarcane harvester are influenced by the operator's action, from the perspective of the ergonomics of the activity. Methods - Qualitative research, the main results of which were assessed through the Work Analysis of the sugarcane harvester operators under the Course of Action ergonomic method. Triangulation (observations and interviews) was used as data collection procedures. Twenty visits were made to the work teams of a sugar-energy plant, in which 17 were carried out on the sugarcane cutting and loading work team and the other three on the teams of fertigation, fertilization, planting and harvesting of seedlings, on different days of the week, in different shifts, varying between 2 to 9 hours in duration. On each visit to the cutting teams, an operator was accompanied during his/her work shift, from inside the harvester's cabin. Workers' courses of action were recorded in chronicles and then analyzed in graphs of tetradic signs. Results - The analysis of the courses of action revealed an operational logic that is imposed on workers by mechanization and, at the same time, hidden by the productive indexes. The operator perceives the context of his/her own work and the work of his/her colleagues to make decisions, prioritizing sometimes the cleanliness of the harvested mass, the fuel consumption, the losses of cane in the field and the loading flow in the transshipment; sometimes, the harvesting strategy, the number of maneuvers, the maintenance of the implements and the release of overflows. This prioritization of actions directly affects performance indicators, which can be calculated using the data indicated by monitoring software. Despite this, the OEE was not shown to be sufficient to evaluate the performance in mechanized harvesting, due to the limitation and loss of data; the extrapolation of what would be the active time; the disregard for the sugarcane productivity; and, the failure to contemplate the real conditions of the harvesting equipment and, not even, the operating strategies that the operators are submitted to develop to create satisfactory indicators for the plant. Conclusion - Because of the partial availability of the harvester, where problems coexist throughout the harvesting process, and because of the instability in the production of cane cultivation, which has variability that automation does not master, the operator is asked to use his skills to do your job. And, therefore, the greater this competence, the greater the possibilities for action to generate better indicators. |
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Freitas, Larissa DinizMenegon, Nilton Luizhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919http://lattes.cnpq.br/07623417596426711c004899-7040-4a2b-a7d6-829daca2d8082020-08-24T19:10:56Z2020-08-24T19:10:56Z2020-08-06FREITAS, Larissa Diniz. Estratégias operatórias para a colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar: contribuições para o desempenho. 2020. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia de Produção) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2020. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13188.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13188Introduction - The current production rates of the mechanized sugarcane harvest, below those expected at the beginning of the mechanization process, motivate countless researchers to make several quantitative methodological attempts in the different dimensions of the activity, in order to understand how the variables of the mechanized cutting process are correlated and how they interfere in the performance of the harvesting equipment. However, from a speech by a harvester operator: “It is the cane that shows the ability for you to walk”, the intelligence of the worker's practice in his/her activity is revealed, showing his/her fundamental role in the operational performance through his/her reading of the cane field. Objective - Evaluate how the technocentric and quantitative variables used in the calculation of the global efficiency of the sugarcane harvester are influenced by the operator's action, from the perspective of the ergonomics of the activity. Methods - Qualitative research, the main results of which were assessed through the Work Analysis of the sugarcane harvester operators under the Course of Action ergonomic method. Triangulation (observations and interviews) was used as data collection procedures. Twenty visits were made to the work teams of a sugar-energy plant, in which 17 were carried out on the sugarcane cutting and loading work team and the other three on the teams of fertigation, fertilization, planting and harvesting of seedlings, on different days of the week, in different shifts, varying between 2 to 9 hours in duration. On each visit to the cutting teams, an operator was accompanied during his/her work shift, from inside the harvester's cabin. Workers' courses of action were recorded in chronicles and then analyzed in graphs of tetradic signs. Results - The analysis of the courses of action revealed an operational logic that is imposed on workers by mechanization and, at the same time, hidden by the productive indexes. The operator perceives the context of his/her own work and the work of his/her colleagues to make decisions, prioritizing sometimes the cleanliness of the harvested mass, the fuel consumption, the losses of cane in the field and the loading flow in the transshipment; sometimes, the harvesting strategy, the number of maneuvers, the maintenance of the implements and the release of overflows. This prioritization of actions directly affects performance indicators, which can be calculated using the data indicated by monitoring software. Despite this, the OEE was not shown to be sufficient to evaluate the performance in mechanized harvesting, due to the limitation and loss of data; the extrapolation of what would be the active time; the disregard for the sugarcane productivity; and, the failure to contemplate the real conditions of the harvesting equipment and, not even, the operating strategies that the operators are submitted to develop to create satisfactory indicators for the plant. Conclusion - Because of the partial availability of the harvester, where problems coexist throughout the harvesting process, and because of the instability in the production of cane cultivation, which has variability that automation does not master, the operator is asked to use his skills to do your job. And, therefore, the greater this competence, the greater the possibilities for action to generate better indicators.Introdução – As atuais taxas de produção da colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar, aquém das esperadas no começo do processo de mecanização, motivam inúmeros pesquisadores a realizarem diversas tentativas metodológicas quantitativas nas diferentes dimensões da atividade, no intuito de compreender como as variáveis do processo do corte mecanizado se correlacionam e como interferem no desempenho do colhedora. Entretanto, a partir de uma fala de um operador de colhedora: “É a cana que mostra a capacidade para você andar”, é revelado a inteligência da prática do operador em sua atividade, mostrando seu papel fundamental no desempenho operacional através de sua leitura do canavial. Objetivo – Avaliar como as variáveis tecnocêntricas e quantitativas empregadas no cálculo da eficiência global da colhedora de cana-de-açúcar são influenciadas pela ação do operador, sob a perspectiva da ergonomia da atividade. Métodos – Pesquisa qualitativa, cujos principais resultados foram aferidos por meio da Análise do Trabalho dos operadores de colhedora de cana-de-açúcar sob o método ergonômico do Curso da Ação. Foram utilizados como procedimentos de coleta de dados a Triangulação (observações e entrevistas abertas in loco). Foram feitas 20 visitas nas frentes de trabalho de uma usina sucroenergética, onde 17 foram realizadas nas frentes de corte e transbordo de cana e as outras três, nas frentes de fertirrigação, adubação, plantio e colheita de mudas, em diferentes dias da semana e em distintos turnos (matutino, vespertino e noturno), variando entre 2 a 9 horas de duração. Em cada visita às frentes de corte, um operador foi acompanhado durante seu turno de trabalho, desde dentro da cabine da colhedora. Os cursos da ação dos operadores foram registrados em crônicas e, depois, analisados em gráficos de signos tetrádicos. Resultados – As análises dos cursos da ação revelaram uma lógica operatória que é imposta aos operadores pela mecanização e, ao mesmo tempo, ocultada pelos índices produtivos. O operador percebe o contexto de seu próprio trabalho e dos trabalhos de seus colegas para tomar decisões, priorizando ora a limpeza da massa colhida, o consumo de combustível, as perdas de cana no campo e a vazão de carregamento no transbordo; ora, a estratégia de colheita, a quantidade de manobras, a manutenção dos implementos e a liberação de transbordos. Essa priorização de ações afeta diretamente os indicadores de desempenho, possíveis de serem calculados com os dados apontados por softwares de monitoramento. Apesar disso, o OEE não se mostrou suficiente para avaliar o desempenho na colheita mecanizada, devido a limitação e perdas de dados; a extrapolação do que seria o tempo ativo; a desconsideração do TCH da cana, informação influente nesse índice; e, a não contemplação das reais condições da colhedora e, nem mesmo, das estratégias operatórias que os operadores são submetidos a desenvolver para criar indicadores satisfatórios para a usina. Conclusão - Por causa da parcialidade da disponibilidade da colhedora, onde problemas coexistem ao longo do processo de colheita, e por causa da instabilidade da produção do cultivo da cana, que conta com variabilidades que a automatização não domina, é solicitado do operador o emprego de suas competências para a realização do seu trabalho. E, por isso, quando maior essa competência, maior são as possibilidades de ação para gerar indicadores melhores.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)CAPES: Código de Financiamento 001porUniversidade Federal de São CarlosCâmpus São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção - PPGEPUFSCarAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessErgonomiaCurso da açãoMecanização agrícolaColhedorasErgonomicsCourse of actionAgricultural mechanizationHarvestersENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAO::GERENCIA DE PRODUCAOENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAO::ENGENHARIA DO PRODUTO::ERGONOMIAEstratégias operatórias para a colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar: contribuições para o desempenhoOperating strategies for mechanized harvesting of sugarcane: contributions to performanceinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis600600d0809365-cf2d-4b48-913a-cf0f466cacbdreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINALTESE corrigida_LARISSA.pdfTESE corrigida_LARISSA.pdfAquivo teseapplication/pdf5271274https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13188/1/TESE%20corrigida_LARISSA.pdff829f83c1485f79992dffd9a3c1a5722MD51[ok] carta comprovante.pdf[ok] carta comprovante.pdfCarta comprovante assinada pelo orientadorapplication/pdf462060https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13188/3/%5bok%5d%20carta%20comprovante.pdf25b83b316ee136ab99216efb4d33b675MD53CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8811https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13188/4/license_rdfe39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34MD54TEXTTESE corrigida_LARISSA.pdf.txtTESE corrigida_LARISSA.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain642975https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13188/5/TESE%20corrigida_LARISSA.pdf.txt6fe577d6172f27f9be25cfcb721a9a8fMD55[ok] carta comprovante.pdf.txt[ok] carta comprovante.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain1451https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13188/7/%5bok%5d%20carta%20comprovante.pdf.txt5945e05fac21fcc6c597422a2a032b46MD57THUMBNAILTESE corrigida_LARISSA.pdf.jpgTESE corrigida_LARISSA.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg6831https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13188/6/TESE%20corrigida_LARISSA.pdf.jpg7f54f31883858c441ca5809297152b37MD56[ok] carta comprovante.pdf.jpg[ok] carta comprovante.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg12569https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13188/8/%5bok%5d%20carta%20comprovante.pdf.jpg4f0b1f0800101b8855015c06314e7952MD58ufscar/131882023-09-18 18:32:00.094oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/13188Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222023-09-18T18:32Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Estratégias operatórias para a colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar: contribuições para o desempenho |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Operating strategies for mechanized harvesting of sugarcane: contributions to performance |
title |
Estratégias operatórias para a colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar: contribuições para o desempenho |
spellingShingle |
Estratégias operatórias para a colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar: contribuições para o desempenho Freitas, Larissa Diniz Ergonomia Curso da ação Mecanização agrícola Colhedoras Ergonomics Course of action Agricultural mechanization Harvesters ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAO::GERENCIA DE PRODUCAO ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAO::ENGENHARIA DO PRODUTO::ERGONOMIA |
title_short |
Estratégias operatórias para a colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar: contribuições para o desempenho |
title_full |
Estratégias operatórias para a colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar: contribuições para o desempenho |
title_fullStr |
Estratégias operatórias para a colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar: contribuições para o desempenho |
title_full_unstemmed |
Estratégias operatórias para a colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar: contribuições para o desempenho |
title_sort |
Estratégias operatórias para a colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar: contribuições para o desempenho |
author |
Freitas, Larissa Diniz |
author_facet |
Freitas, Larissa Diniz |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0762341759642671 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Freitas, Larissa Diniz |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Menegon, Nilton Luiz |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
1c004899-7040-4a2b-a7d6-829daca2d808 |
contributor_str_mv |
Menegon, Nilton Luiz |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Ergonomia Curso da ação Mecanização agrícola Colhedoras |
topic |
Ergonomia Curso da ação Mecanização agrícola Colhedoras Ergonomics Course of action Agricultural mechanization Harvesters ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAO::GERENCIA DE PRODUCAO ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAO::ENGENHARIA DO PRODUTO::ERGONOMIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Ergonomics Course of action Agricultural mechanization Harvesters |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAO::GERENCIA DE PRODUCAO ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAO::ENGENHARIA DO PRODUTO::ERGONOMIA |
description |
Introduction - The current production rates of the mechanized sugarcane harvest, below those expected at the beginning of the mechanization process, motivate countless researchers to make several quantitative methodological attempts in the different dimensions of the activity, in order to understand how the variables of the mechanized cutting process are correlated and how they interfere in the performance of the harvesting equipment. However, from a speech by a harvester operator: “It is the cane that shows the ability for you to walk”, the intelligence of the worker's practice in his/her activity is revealed, showing his/her fundamental role in the operational performance through his/her reading of the cane field. Objective - Evaluate how the technocentric and quantitative variables used in the calculation of the global efficiency of the sugarcane harvester are influenced by the operator's action, from the perspective of the ergonomics of the activity. Methods - Qualitative research, the main results of which were assessed through the Work Analysis of the sugarcane harvester operators under the Course of Action ergonomic method. Triangulation (observations and interviews) was used as data collection procedures. Twenty visits were made to the work teams of a sugar-energy plant, in which 17 were carried out on the sugarcane cutting and loading work team and the other three on the teams of fertigation, fertilization, planting and harvesting of seedlings, on different days of the week, in different shifts, varying between 2 to 9 hours in duration. On each visit to the cutting teams, an operator was accompanied during his/her work shift, from inside the harvester's cabin. Workers' courses of action were recorded in chronicles and then analyzed in graphs of tetradic signs. Results - The analysis of the courses of action revealed an operational logic that is imposed on workers by mechanization and, at the same time, hidden by the productive indexes. The operator perceives the context of his/her own work and the work of his/her colleagues to make decisions, prioritizing sometimes the cleanliness of the harvested mass, the fuel consumption, the losses of cane in the field and the loading flow in the transshipment; sometimes, the harvesting strategy, the number of maneuvers, the maintenance of the implements and the release of overflows. This prioritization of actions directly affects performance indicators, which can be calculated using the data indicated by monitoring software. Despite this, the OEE was not shown to be sufficient to evaluate the performance in mechanized harvesting, due to the limitation and loss of data; the extrapolation of what would be the active time; the disregard for the sugarcane productivity; and, the failure to contemplate the real conditions of the harvesting equipment and, not even, the operating strategies that the operators are submitted to develop to create satisfactory indicators for the plant. Conclusion - Because of the partial availability of the harvester, where problems coexist throughout the harvesting process, and because of the instability in the production of cane cultivation, which has variability that automation does not master, the operator is asked to use his skills to do your job. And, therefore, the greater this competence, the greater the possibilities for action to generate better indicators. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2020-08-24T19:10:56Z |
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2020-08-24T19:10:56Z |
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2020-08-06 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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FREITAS, Larissa Diniz. Estratégias operatórias para a colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar: contribuições para o desempenho. 2020. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia de Produção) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2020. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13188. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13188 |
identifier_str_mv |
FREITAS, Larissa Diniz. Estratégias operatórias para a colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar: contribuições para o desempenho. 2020. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia de Produção) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2020. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13188. |
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https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13188 |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção - PPGEP |
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UFSCar |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
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