Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2011 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/850 |
Resumo: | This project had as main objectives to obtain and to develop new and biodegradable composites from renewable sources using a thermoplastic starch (TPS) matrix reinforced with different amounts of natural fibers, acuri, carandá and gravatá. Initially, these fibers were extracted and characterized, which are still unknown to the scientific community their potential use in composites. The characterization were realized by themorgravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile test, chemical characterization by determination of their main constituents and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and morphological and structural analysis by xray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The fibers had thermal stabilities similar to each other with their initial temperature of thermal degradation in the range of 250 °C. The fibers show a brittle behavior when subjected to tensile tests, and it were determined elastic moludus and tensile strength in the range of 13 to 50 GPa and 180 to 580 MPa, respectively and, both thermal and mechanical stability are in according to those conventional natural fibers. It was possible to determine the crystallinity index of the fibers by XRD, and SEM images show the fibers surfaces. Four composites formulations were obtained and processed based on four different fibers content (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% w/w), and were evaluated as a function of fiber content water absorption properties, thermal and mechanical stability, and morphological and structural characterization by SEM and XRD. The thermal stability and morphology of TPS homogeneous matrix weren t influenced by the presence of natural fibers, besides the absence of new crystalline structures by XRD. The presence of fibers reduced material water absorption. Mechanical properties such as elastic modulus and tensile strength increased with fiber content, especially at levels above 10% w/w, and the viscosity of the molten also have increased with fiber content. Overall, it was possible to extract and to characterize new natural fibers and use them in a TPS matrix, obtaining new biodegradable composites by conventional processing methods. |
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Carmona, Vitor BraitMattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparellihttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917http://lattes.cnpq.br/4982149954130302f85130bc-2743-41e2-97de-9f4f0cc004da2016-06-02T19:12:14Z2011-11-242016-06-02T19:12:14Z2011-09-16https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/850This project had as main objectives to obtain and to develop new and biodegradable composites from renewable sources using a thermoplastic starch (TPS) matrix reinforced with different amounts of natural fibers, acuri, carandá and gravatá. Initially, these fibers were extracted and characterized, which are still unknown to the scientific community their potential use in composites. The characterization were realized by themorgravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile test, chemical characterization by determination of their main constituents and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and morphological and structural analysis by xray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The fibers had thermal stabilities similar to each other with their initial temperature of thermal degradation in the range of 250 °C. The fibers show a brittle behavior when subjected to tensile tests, and it were determined elastic moludus and tensile strength in the range of 13 to 50 GPa and 180 to 580 MPa, respectively and, both thermal and mechanical stability are in according to those conventional natural fibers. It was possible to determine the crystallinity index of the fibers by XRD, and SEM images show the fibers surfaces. Four composites formulations were obtained and processed based on four different fibers content (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% w/w), and were evaluated as a function of fiber content water absorption properties, thermal and mechanical stability, and morphological and structural characterization by SEM and XRD. The thermal stability and morphology of TPS homogeneous matrix weren t influenced by the presence of natural fibers, besides the absence of new crystalline structures by XRD. The presence of fibers reduced material water absorption. Mechanical properties such as elastic modulus and tensile strength increased with fiber content, especially at levels above 10% w/w, and the viscosity of the molten also have increased with fiber content. Overall, it was possible to extract and to characterize new natural fibers and use them in a TPS matrix, obtaining new biodegradable composites by conventional processing methods.Este trabalho de mestrado teve como objetivos principais obter e formular novos materiais compósitos biodegradáveis e de fontes renováveis a partir de uma matriz de amido de milho termoplástico (TPS), reforçada com diferentes teores de fibras vegetais de acuri, carandá e gravatá. Inicialmente foram extraídas e caracterizadas estas fibras vegetais, das quais ainda é desconhecido da comunidade científica seu potencial na utilização em compósitos poliméricos. Suas caracterizações de deram a partir de análises de termogravimetria (TG), ensaios mecânicos de tração, caracterização química pela determinação de seus principais constituintes e por espectroscopia de infravermelho (FT-IR), e análise estrutural e morfológica por difração de raios X e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). As fibras apresentaram estabilidades térmicas semelhantes entre si, tendo suas degradações térmicas iniciadas na faixa de 250 °C. As fibras se comportaram fr agilmente quando submetidas aos testes de tração, e seus módulos elásticos e resistência à tração foram determinados nas faixas de 13 50 GPa e de 180 a 550 MPa, respectivamente e, tanto a estabilidade térmica como mecânica encontram-se em faixas dentro das encontradas pelas fibras naturais convencionais. Pelas análises de raios X foi possível determinar os índices de cristalinidade das fibras, e imagens de MEV mostraram as superfícies das fibras vegetais. Foram processadas 4 formulações dos compósitos à base de TPS com 4 teores de fibras diferentes (5%, 10%, 15% e 20% em massa), e foram avaliadas a absorção de água, estabilidade térmica e mecânica, bem como caracterização morfológica por MEV e estrutural por difração de raios X em função do teor de fibra. A estabilidade térmica e a morfologia homogênea da matriz de TPS não foram influenciadas pela presença das fibras vegetais, alem de não ter sido encontradas novas estruturas cristalinas no compósito a partir das análises de raios X. A presença das fibras auxiliou na diminuição de absorção de água dos materiais. E já as propriedades mecânicas, como módulo elástico e resistência à tração, sofreram um grande aumento com a presença de fibras, principalmente com teores acima de 10%, além da viscosidade do fundido ter aumentado também com o aumento do teor de fibras. De uma forma geral, foi possível extrair e caracterizar novas fibras vegetais e utilizá-las como reforço em uma matriz de TPS, obtendo-se novos materiais compósitos através de meios convencionais de processamentos.Universidade Federal de Sao Carlosapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais - PPGCEMUFSCarBRPolímerosAmido termoplásticoFibras naturaisCompósitos biodegradáveisENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICADesenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetaisDevelopment of biodegradable composites from thermoplastic starch and vegetable fibersinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis-1-1cd4a0e5b-b40b-46f6-8c76-2c2bcc3239a9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINAL3930.pdfapplication/pdf8409921https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/850/1/3930.pdf68472cf829fbe42c3d27a50c856e75b7MD51TEXT3930.pdf.txt3930.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain0https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/850/2/3930.pdf.txtd41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427eMD52THUMBNAIL3930.pdf.jpg3930.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg6288https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/850/3/3930.pdf.jpg9d83bf1ef71904589ee427525182a192MD53ufscar/8502023-09-18 18:31:45.739oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/850Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222023-09-18T18:31:45Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Development of biodegradable composites from thermoplastic starch and vegetable fibers |
title |
Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais |
spellingShingle |
Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais Carmona, Vitor Brait Polímeros Amido termoplástico Fibras naturais Compósitos biodegradáveis ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA |
title_short |
Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais |
title_full |
Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais |
title_fullStr |
Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais |
title_full_unstemmed |
Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais |
title_sort |
Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais |
author |
Carmona, Vitor Brait |
author_facet |
Carmona, Vitor Brait |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4982149954130302 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Carmona, Vitor Brait |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
f85130bc-2743-41e2-97de-9f4f0cc004da |
contributor_str_mv |
Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Polímeros Amido termoplástico Fibras naturais Compósitos biodegradáveis |
topic |
Polímeros Amido termoplástico Fibras naturais Compósitos biodegradáveis ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA |
description |
This project had as main objectives to obtain and to develop new and biodegradable composites from renewable sources using a thermoplastic starch (TPS) matrix reinforced with different amounts of natural fibers, acuri, carandá and gravatá. Initially, these fibers were extracted and characterized, which are still unknown to the scientific community their potential use in composites. The characterization were realized by themorgravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile test, chemical characterization by determination of their main constituents and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and morphological and structural analysis by xray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The fibers had thermal stabilities similar to each other with their initial temperature of thermal degradation in the range of 250 °C. The fibers show a brittle behavior when subjected to tensile tests, and it were determined elastic moludus and tensile strength in the range of 13 to 50 GPa and 180 to 580 MPa, respectively and, both thermal and mechanical stability are in according to those conventional natural fibers. It was possible to determine the crystallinity index of the fibers by XRD, and SEM images show the fibers surfaces. Four composites formulations were obtained and processed based on four different fibers content (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% w/w), and were evaluated as a function of fiber content water absorption properties, thermal and mechanical stability, and morphological and structural characterization by SEM and XRD. The thermal stability and morphology of TPS homogeneous matrix weren t influenced by the presence of natural fibers, besides the absence of new crystalline structures by XRD. The presence of fibers reduced material water absorption. Mechanical properties such as elastic modulus and tensile strength increased with fiber content, especially at levels above 10% w/w, and the viscosity of the molten also have increased with fiber content. Overall, it was possible to extract and to characterize new natural fibers and use them in a TPS matrix, obtaining new biodegradable composites by conventional processing methods. |
publishDate |
2011 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2011-11-24 2016-06-02T19:12:14Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2011-09-16 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2016-06-02T19:12:14Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/850 |
url |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/850 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
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-1 -1 |
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cd4a0e5b-b40b-46f6-8c76-2c2bcc3239a9 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais - PPGCEM |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSCar |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
BR |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos |
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