Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Carmona, Vitor Brait
Data de Publicação: 2011
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR
Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/850
Resumo: This project had as main objectives to obtain and to develop new and biodegradable composites from renewable sources using a thermoplastic starch (TPS) matrix reinforced with different amounts of natural fibers, acuri, carandá and gravatá. Initially, these fibers were extracted and characterized, which are still unknown to the scientific community their potential use in composites. The characterization were realized by themorgravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile test, chemical characterization by determination of their main constituents and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and morphological and structural analysis by xray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The fibers had thermal stabilities similar to each other with their initial temperature of thermal degradation in the range of 250 °C. The fibers show a brittle behavior when subjected to tensile tests, and it were determined elastic moludus and tensile strength in the range of 13 to 50 GPa and 180 to 580 MPa, respectively and, both thermal and mechanical stability are in according to those conventional natural fibers. It was possible to determine the crystallinity index of the fibers by XRD, and SEM images show the fibers surfaces. Four composites formulations were obtained and processed based on four different fibers content (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% w/w), and were evaluated as a function of fiber content water absorption properties, thermal and mechanical stability, and morphological and structural characterization by SEM and XRD. The thermal stability and morphology of TPS homogeneous matrix weren t influenced by the presence of natural fibers, besides the absence of new crystalline structures by XRD. The presence of fibers reduced material water absorption. Mechanical properties such as elastic modulus and tensile strength increased with fiber content, especially at levels above 10% w/w, and the viscosity of the molten also have increased with fiber content. Overall, it was possible to extract and to characterize new natural fibers and use them in a TPS matrix, obtaining new biodegradable composites by conventional processing methods.
id SCAR_fa42da47d26e941c056649b5d9fbde3a
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/850
network_acronym_str SCAR
network_name_str Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR
repository_id_str 4322
spelling Carmona, Vitor BraitMattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparellihttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917http://lattes.cnpq.br/4982149954130302f85130bc-2743-41e2-97de-9f4f0cc004da2016-06-02T19:12:14Z2011-11-242016-06-02T19:12:14Z2011-09-16https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/850This project had as main objectives to obtain and to develop new and biodegradable composites from renewable sources using a thermoplastic starch (TPS) matrix reinforced with different amounts of natural fibers, acuri, carandá and gravatá. Initially, these fibers were extracted and characterized, which are still unknown to the scientific community their potential use in composites. The characterization were realized by themorgravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile test, chemical characterization by determination of their main constituents and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and morphological and structural analysis by xray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The fibers had thermal stabilities similar to each other with their initial temperature of thermal degradation in the range of 250 °C. The fibers show a brittle behavior when subjected to tensile tests, and it were determined elastic moludus and tensile strength in the range of 13 to 50 GPa and 180 to 580 MPa, respectively and, both thermal and mechanical stability are in according to those conventional natural fibers. It was possible to determine the crystallinity index of the fibers by XRD, and SEM images show the fibers surfaces. Four composites formulations were obtained and processed based on four different fibers content (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% w/w), and were evaluated as a function of fiber content water absorption properties, thermal and mechanical stability, and morphological and structural characterization by SEM and XRD. The thermal stability and morphology of TPS homogeneous matrix weren t influenced by the presence of natural fibers, besides the absence of new crystalline structures by XRD. The presence of fibers reduced material water absorption. Mechanical properties such as elastic modulus and tensile strength increased with fiber content, especially at levels above 10% w/w, and the viscosity of the molten also have increased with fiber content. Overall, it was possible to extract and to characterize new natural fibers and use them in a TPS matrix, obtaining new biodegradable composites by conventional processing methods.Este trabalho de mestrado teve como objetivos principais obter e formular novos materiais compósitos biodegradáveis e de fontes renováveis a partir de uma matriz de amido de milho termoplástico (TPS), reforçada com diferentes teores de fibras vegetais de acuri, carandá e gravatá. Inicialmente foram extraídas e caracterizadas estas fibras vegetais, das quais ainda é desconhecido da comunidade científica seu potencial na utilização em compósitos poliméricos. Suas caracterizações de deram a partir de análises de termogravimetria (TG), ensaios mecânicos de tração, caracterização química pela determinação de seus principais constituintes e por espectroscopia de infravermelho (FT-IR), e análise estrutural e morfológica por difração de raios X e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). As fibras apresentaram estabilidades térmicas semelhantes entre si, tendo suas degradações térmicas iniciadas na faixa de 250 °C. As fibras se comportaram fr agilmente quando submetidas aos testes de tração, e seus módulos elásticos e resistência à tração foram determinados nas faixas de 13 50 GPa e de 180 a 550 MPa, respectivamente e, tanto a estabilidade térmica como mecânica encontram-se em faixas dentro das encontradas pelas fibras naturais convencionais. Pelas análises de raios X foi possível determinar os índices de cristalinidade das fibras, e imagens de MEV mostraram as superfícies das fibras vegetais. Foram processadas 4 formulações dos compósitos à base de TPS com 4 teores de fibras diferentes (5%, 10%, 15% e 20% em massa), e foram avaliadas a absorção de água, estabilidade térmica e mecânica, bem como caracterização morfológica por MEV e estrutural por difração de raios X em função do teor de fibra. A estabilidade térmica e a morfologia homogênea da matriz de TPS não foram influenciadas pela presença das fibras vegetais, alem de não ter sido encontradas novas estruturas cristalinas no compósito a partir das análises de raios X. A presença das fibras auxiliou na diminuição de absorção de água dos materiais. E já as propriedades mecânicas, como módulo elástico e resistência à tração, sofreram um grande aumento com a presença de fibras, principalmente com teores acima de 10%, além da viscosidade do fundido ter aumentado também com o aumento do teor de fibras. De uma forma geral, foi possível extrair e caracterizar novas fibras vegetais e utilizá-las como reforço em uma matriz de TPS, obtendo-se novos materiais compósitos através de meios convencionais de processamentos.Universidade Federal de Sao Carlosapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais - PPGCEMUFSCarBRPolímerosAmido termoplásticoFibras naturaisCompósitos biodegradáveisENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICADesenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetaisDevelopment of biodegradable composites from thermoplastic starch and vegetable fibersinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis-1-1cd4a0e5b-b40b-46f6-8c76-2c2bcc3239a9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINAL3930.pdfapplication/pdf8409921https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/850/1/3930.pdf68472cf829fbe42c3d27a50c856e75b7MD51TEXT3930.pdf.txt3930.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain0https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/850/2/3930.pdf.txtd41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427eMD52THUMBNAIL3930.pdf.jpg3930.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg6288https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/850/3/3930.pdf.jpg9d83bf1ef71904589ee427525182a192MD53ufscar/8502023-09-18 18:31:45.739oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/850Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222023-09-18T18:31:45Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv Development of biodegradable composites from thermoplastic starch and vegetable fibers
title Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais
spellingShingle Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais
Carmona, Vitor Brait
Polímeros
Amido termoplástico
Fibras naturais
Compósitos biodegradáveis
ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA
title_short Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais
title_full Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais
title_fullStr Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais
title_full_unstemmed Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais
title_sort Desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis a partir de amido termoplástico e fibras vegetais
author Carmona, Vitor Brait
author_facet Carmona, Vitor Brait
author_role author
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/4982149954130302
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Carmona, Vitor Brait
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv f85130bc-2743-41e2-97de-9f4f0cc004da
contributor_str_mv Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Polímeros
Amido termoplástico
Fibras naturais
Compósitos biodegradáveis
topic Polímeros
Amido termoplástico
Fibras naturais
Compósitos biodegradáveis
ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA
description This project had as main objectives to obtain and to develop new and biodegradable composites from renewable sources using a thermoplastic starch (TPS) matrix reinforced with different amounts of natural fibers, acuri, carandá and gravatá. Initially, these fibers were extracted and characterized, which are still unknown to the scientific community their potential use in composites. The characterization were realized by themorgravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile test, chemical characterization by determination of their main constituents and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and morphological and structural analysis by xray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The fibers had thermal stabilities similar to each other with their initial temperature of thermal degradation in the range of 250 °C. The fibers show a brittle behavior when subjected to tensile tests, and it were determined elastic moludus and tensile strength in the range of 13 to 50 GPa and 180 to 580 MPa, respectively and, both thermal and mechanical stability are in according to those conventional natural fibers. It was possible to determine the crystallinity index of the fibers by XRD, and SEM images show the fibers surfaces. Four composites formulations were obtained and processed based on four different fibers content (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% w/w), and were evaluated as a function of fiber content water absorption properties, thermal and mechanical stability, and morphological and structural characterization by SEM and XRD. The thermal stability and morphology of TPS homogeneous matrix weren t influenced by the presence of natural fibers, besides the absence of new crystalline structures by XRD. The presence of fibers reduced material water absorption. Mechanical properties such as elastic modulus and tensile strength increased with fiber content, especially at levels above 10% w/w, and the viscosity of the molten also have increased with fiber content. Overall, it was possible to extract and to characterize new natural fibers and use them in a TPS matrix, obtaining new biodegradable composites by conventional processing methods.
publishDate 2011
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2011-11-24
2016-06-02T19:12:14Z
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2011-09-16
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2016-06-02T19:12:14Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/850
url https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/850
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv -1
-1
dc.relation.authority.fl_str_mv cd4a0e5b-b40b-46f6-8c76-2c2bcc3239a9
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de São Carlos
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais - PPGCEM
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv UFSCar
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv BR
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de São Carlos
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR
instname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)
instacron:UFSCAR
instname_str Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)
instacron_str UFSCAR
institution UFSCAR
reponame_str Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR
collection Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/850/1/3930.pdf
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/850/2/3930.pdf.txt
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/850/3/3930.pdf.jpg
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 68472cf829fbe42c3d27a50c856e75b7
d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
9d83bf1ef71904589ee427525182a192
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1813715506306220032