The double nationality of João Rodrigues Cabrilho, Portuguese-born, naturalized Castilian. Part I – A much needed review
| Autor(a) principal: | |
|---|---|
| Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
| Tipo de documento: | preprint |
| Idioma: | eng |
| Título da fonte: | SciELO Preprints |
| Texto Completo: | https://preprints.scielo.org/index.php/scielo/preprint/view/5255 |
Resumo: | This is a series of three papers revealing many important new connections between known historical documents and Alta California’s early maritime discovery. It brings new data about the complex network of individuals and events leading to this epic voyage, while focusing on the nationality of João Rodrigues Cabrilho and other Portuguese shipowners in Alvarado-Mendoça’s 1540-1543 fleet. Remarkably, Part I presents Bartolome Ferrer’s unpublished 1547 testament, where Cabrilho’s pilot-major declares to be natural (likely as in being born, not naturalized) of Albissola, near Savona. Ferrer was Genoese, not Spanish, correcting what is currently accepted. Furthermore, Part I critically reviews Cabrilho’s epoch international context, and gives many examples of naturalized foreigners who were not Spanish-born, seriously questioning the simplistic and premature conclusions about Cabrilho being Spanish-born based on W. Kramer’s 2015 important documental findings. Part II details categoric evidence about Alvar Nunes, a Portuguese pilot, co-owner of the Santa María de Buena Esperança, very likely Cabrilho’s fleet second largest ship (perhaps rebaptized as Santa María de La Victoria). Noticeable, António Fernandes may have been the Portuguese owner of another ship in Alvarado’s fleet - the Anton Hernandez, alternatively indicated as Cabrilho’s fleet second largest ship. Most crucially, supporting Cabrilho’s Portuguese nationality, new, diversified, and strong circumstantial evidence is documented regarding Juan Rodríguez(s) portugués (who was Cabrilho, in all verisimilitude) in Honduras and Nicaragua. While António Fernandes was a Portuguese neighbor of Granada (Nicaragua), Alvar Nuñez portugués and Juan Rodríguez portugués (their names in Castilian written documents) met in León de Nicaragua, at least by November 1529. Part II also presents Cabril’s parish (north of Portugal) ecclesiastic archive records of a Rodrigues family from the 1520’s. Part II ends by discussing remarkable new Carbon-14 radioisotope chronological data strongly supporting early 1530’s as the time when Cabrilho offered a crucifix to his Rodrigues family in Lapela (de Cabril), in agreement with their ancestral oral tradition. Part III addresses homonymous of Juan Rodríguez(s) portugués (like Panama’s rich Portuguese merchant) who were not Cabrilho, and homonymous of other key individuals in many of Cabrilho’s life events, including Francisco López portugués, perhaps also naturalized in nowadays Palma del Río. Finally, Part III also discusses what likely is the very first evidence about the existence of Cabrilho’s own testament. |
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The double nationality of João Rodrigues Cabrilho, Portuguese-born, naturalized Castilian. Part I – A much needed reviewLa doble nacionalidad de João Rodrigues Cabrilho, nacido portugués, naturalizado castellano. Parte I: una revisión muy necesaria.A dupla nacionalidade de João Rodrigues Cabrilho, nascido português, naturalizado castelhano. Parte I – Uma revisão muito necessariaHistóriaPortuguesaCabrilhonacionalidadeAlvar NunesAntonio FernandesBartolome FerrerPedro de AlvaradonaviosCalifórniamaritimadescobertasnaturalizaçãofrotaestrangeirostestamentocarbono-14crucifixoNovo MundocolonialSéculo XVIEspanhaPortugalGuatemalaEUANova EspanhaNicaráguaMéxicogenovêsGénovahomónimosVice-reiAntonio de MendoçaItáliaHistoryPortugueseCabrilhoCabrilloNationalityAlvar NunesAntonio FernandesBartolome FerrerPedro de AlvaradoshipsCaliforniamaritimediscoveriesnaturalizationfleetforeignerstestamentcarbon-14crucifixNew WorldcolonialXVI centurySpainPortugalGuatemalaUSANicaraguaNew SpainMexicoGenoeseGenoaItalyhomonymousviceroyAntonio de MendoçaHistoriaPortuguesaCabrilhoCabrillonacionalidadAlvar NunesAntonio FernandesBartolome FerrerPedro de AlvaradobuquesCaliforniamarítimadescubrimientosnaturalizaciónflotaextranjerostestamentocarbono-14crucifijoNuevo Mundocolonialsiglo XVIEspañaPortugalGuatemalaEE.UUNueva EspañaNicaraguaMéxicogenovésGénovaItaliahomónimosvirreyAntonio de MendoçaThis is a series of three papers revealing many important new connections between known historical documents and Alta California’s early maritime discovery. It brings new data about the complex network of individuals and events leading to this epic voyage, while focusing on the nationality of João Rodrigues Cabrilho and other Portuguese shipowners in Alvarado-Mendoça’s 1540-1543 fleet. Remarkably, Part I presents Bartolome Ferrer’s unpublished 1547 testament, where Cabrilho’s pilot-major declares to be natural (likely as in being born, not naturalized) of Albissola, near Savona. Ferrer was Genoese, not Spanish, correcting what is currently accepted. Furthermore, Part I critically reviews Cabrilho’s epoch international context, and gives many examples of naturalized foreigners who were not Spanish-born, seriously questioning the simplistic and premature conclusions about Cabrilho being Spanish-born based on W. Kramer’s 2015 important documental findings. Part II details categoric evidence about Alvar Nunes, a Portuguese pilot, co-owner of the Santa María de Buena Esperança, very likely Cabrilho’s fleet second largest ship (perhaps rebaptized as Santa María de La Victoria). Noticeable, António Fernandes may have been the Portuguese owner of another ship in Alvarado’s fleet - the Anton Hernandez, alternatively indicated as Cabrilho’s fleet second largest ship. Most crucially, supporting Cabrilho’s Portuguese nationality, new, diversified, and strong circumstantial evidence is documented regarding Juan Rodríguez(s) portugués (who was Cabrilho, in all verisimilitude) in Honduras and Nicaragua. While António Fernandes was a Portuguese neighbor of Granada (Nicaragua), Alvar Nuñez portugués and Juan Rodríguez portugués (their names in Castilian written documents) met in León de Nicaragua, at least by November 1529. Part II also presents Cabril’s parish (north of Portugal) ecclesiastic archive records of a Rodrigues family from the 1520’s. Part II ends by discussing remarkable new Carbon-14 radioisotope chronological data strongly supporting early 1530’s as the time when Cabrilho offered a crucifix to his Rodrigues family in Lapela (de Cabril), in agreement with their ancestral oral tradition. Part III addresses homonymous of Juan Rodríguez(s) portugués (like Panama’s rich Portuguese merchant) who were not Cabrilho, and homonymous of other key individuals in many of Cabrilho’s life events, including Francisco López portugués, perhaps also naturalized in nowadays Palma del Río. Finally, Part III also discusses what likely is the very first evidence about the existence of Cabrilho’s own testament.Esta es una serie de tres artículos que revela muchas conexiones nuevas e importantes entre los documentos históricos conocidos y los albores del descubrimiento marítimo en Alta California. Trae nuevos datos sobre la compleja red de personas y eventos que culminaron en este viaje épico, centrándose en la nacionalidad de João Rodrigues Cabrilho y otros armadores portugueses en la flota Alvarado-Mendoça, en 1540-1543. En la parte I, destaca la presentación del testamento inédito de Bartolomé Ferrer (fechado en 1547), en el que el piloto mayor de Cabrilho declara que es natural (probablemente nacido, no naturalizado) de Albissola, cerca de Savona. Ferrer era genovés y no español, corrigiendo lo que actualmente se acepta. La Parte I también hace una revisión crítica del contexto internacional en la época de Cabrilho, dando muchos ejemplos de extranjeros naturalizados que no nacieron en España, cuestionando así seriamente las conclusiones simplistas y prematuras sobre el nacimiento de Cabrilho en España, basándose en importantes hallazgos documentales de W. Kramer en 2015. La Parte II detalla la evidencia categórica de que Alvar Nunes era un piloto portugués y copropietario del Santa María de Buena Esperança, probablemente el segundo buque más grande de la flota de Cabrilho (quizás rebautizado como Santa María de La Victoria). Notoriamente, António Fernandes pudo haber sido el propietario portugués de otro buque en la flota de Alvarado: el Anton Hernandez, que alternativamente se dice que es el segundo más grande en la flota de Cabrilho. Crucialmente, en la parte II, respaldando la nacionalidad portuguesa de Cabrilho, se documenta evidencia circunstancial nueva, diversificada y fuerte sobre Juan Rodríguez(s) portugués (que sería Cabrilho, con toda probabilidad) en Honduras y Nicaragua. Siendo António Fernandes vecino portugués de Granada (Nicaragua), Alvar Nuñez portugués y Juan Rodríguez portugués (sus nombres, tal como están escritos en documentos castellanos) se conocieron en León de Nicaragua, al menos en noviembre de 1529. La Parte II también presenta documentos del archivo eclesiástico de la parroquia de Cabril (norte de Portugal) relativos a una familia Rodrigues hacia 1520. La Parte II termina discutiendo nuevos datos cronológicos de suma relevancia, basados en el radioisótopo carbono-14, que permiten validar la primeros años de la década de 1530 como aquellos en los que Cabrilho ofreció un crucifijo a su familia Rodrigues en Lapela (de Cabril), de acuerdo con su ancestral tradición oral. La Parte III analiza los homónimos de Juan Rodríguez(s) portugués (como el rico comerciante portugués de Panamá) que no eran Cabrilho, y los homónimos de otras personas prominentes en muchos de los eventos de la vida de Cabrilho, incluido Francisco López portugués , que quizás también haya sido naturalizado en la actual Palma del Río. Finalmente, la parte III discute lo que muy probablemente será la primera prueba de la existencia del testamento de Cabrilho. Esta é uma série de três artigos que revela muitas conexões novas e importantes entre documentos históricos conhecidos e o dealbar da descoberta marítima da Alta Califórnia. Traz novos dados acerca da complexa rede de indivíduos e acontecimentos que culminaram nesta viagem épica, focando-se na nacionalidade de João Rodrigues Cabrilho e outros portugueses donos de navios na frota de Alvarado-Mendoça, em 1540-1543. Na parte I destaca-se a apresentação do testamento inédito de Bartolome Ferrer (datado de 1547), onde o piloto-mor de Cabrilho declara ser natural (provavelmente como nascido, não como naturalizado) de Albissola, perto de Savona. Ferrer era genovês e não espanhol, corrigindo o que é aceite actualmente. Na parte I faz-se ainda uma revisão critica do contexto internacional à época de Cabrilho, dando-se muitos exemplos de estrangeiros naturalizados que não eram nascidos em Espanha, questionando-se assim seriamente as conclusões simplistas e prematuras acerca do nascimento de Cabrilho em Espanha, com base nas importantes descobertas documentais de W. Kramer em 2015. A parte II detalha as provas categóricas acerca de Alvar Nunes ser um piloto português e coproprietário do Santa María de Buena Esperança, muito provavelmente o segundo maior navio na frota de Cabrilho (talvez rebaptizado como Santa María de La Victoria). Notoriamente, António Fernandes poderá ter sido o português dono de ainda um outro navio na frota de Alvarado - o Anton Hernandez, alternativamente indicado como sendo o segundo maior na frota de Cabrilho. Crucialmente, na parte II, dando suporte à nacionalidade portuguesa de Cabrilho, documentam-se ainda novas, diversificadas e fortes provas circunstanciais acerca de Juan Rodríguez(s) portugués (que seria Cabrilho, com toda a verossimilhança) nas Honduras e Nicarágua. Enquanto António Fernandes era um vizinho português de Granada (Nicarágua), Alvar Nuñez portugués e Juan Rodríguez portugués (os seus nomes, como escritos em documentos castelhanos) conheceram-se em León da Nicarágua, pelo menos em Novembro de 1529. Na parte II apresentam-se também documentos dos arquivos eclesiásticos da freguesia de Cabril (norte de Portugal) relativos a uma família Rodrigues em torno de 1520. A parte II termina discutindo novos dados cronológicos de suprema relevância, baseados no radioisótopo carbono-14, que permitem validar os anos iniciais da década de 1530 como sendo aqueles em que Cabrilho ofereceu um crucifixo à sua família Rodrigues em Lapela (de Cabril), em concordância com a sua tradição oral ancestral. Na parte III discutem-se homónimos de Juan Rodríguez(s) português (como o rico comerciante português do Panamá) que não eram o Cabrilho, e homónimos de outros indivíduos de destaque em muitos dos acontecimentos da vida de Cabrilho, incluindo Francisco López portugués, tendo-se talvez naturalizado igualmente na actual Palma del Río. Finalmente, a parte III discute ainda o que muito provavelmente se tratará da primeira prova da existência do próprio testamento de Cabrilho.SciELO PreprintsSciELO PreprintsSciELO Preprints2023-01-04info:eu-repo/semantics/preprintinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://preprints.scielo.org/index.php/scielo/preprint/view/525510.1590/SciELOPreprints.5255enghttps://preprints.scielo.org/index.php/scielo/article/view/5255/10388Copyright (c) 2023 Paulo Manuel João Afonsohttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAfonso, Paulo Manuel Joãoreponame:SciELO Preprintsinstname:SciELOinstacron:SCI2022-12-20T13:09:39Zoai:ops.preprints.scielo.org:preprint/5255Servidor de preprintshttps://preprints.scielo.org/index.php/scieloONGhttps://preprints.scielo.org/index.php/scielo/oaiscielo.submission@scielo.orgopendoar:2022-12-20T13:09:39SciELO Preprints - SciELOfalse |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
The double nationality of João Rodrigues Cabrilho, Portuguese-born, naturalized Castilian. Part I – A much needed review La doble nacionalidad de João Rodrigues Cabrilho, nacido portugués, naturalizado castellano. Parte I: una revisión muy necesaria. A dupla nacionalidade de João Rodrigues Cabrilho, nascido português, naturalizado castelhano. Parte I – Uma revisão muito necessaria |
| title |
The double nationality of João Rodrigues Cabrilho, Portuguese-born, naturalized Castilian. Part I – A much needed review |
| spellingShingle |
The double nationality of João Rodrigues Cabrilho, Portuguese-born, naturalized Castilian. Part I – A much needed review Afonso, Paulo Manuel João História Portuguesa Cabrilho nacionalidade Alvar Nunes Antonio Fernandes Bartolome Ferrer Pedro de Alvarado navios Califórnia maritima descobertas naturalização frota estrangeiros testamento carbono-14 crucifixo Novo Mundo colonial Século XVI Espanha Portugal Guatemala EUA Nova Espanha Nicarágua México genovês Génova homónimos Vice-rei Antonio de Mendoça Itália History Portuguese Cabrilho Cabrillo Nationality Alvar Nunes Antonio Fernandes Bartolome Ferrer Pedro de Alvarado ships California maritime discoveries naturalization fleet foreigners testament carbon-14 crucifix New World colonial XVI century Spain Portugal Guatemala USA Nicaragua New Spain Mexico Genoese Genoa Italy homonymous viceroy Antonio de Mendoça Historia Portuguesa Cabrilho Cabrillo nacionalidad Alvar Nunes Antonio Fernandes Bartolome Ferrer Pedro de Alvarado buques California marítima descubrimientos naturalización flota extranjeros testamento carbono-14 crucifijo Nuevo Mundo colonial siglo XVI España Portugal Guatemala EE.UU Nueva España Nicaragua México genovés Génova Italia homónimos virrey Antonio de Mendoça |
| title_short |
The double nationality of João Rodrigues Cabrilho, Portuguese-born, naturalized Castilian. Part I – A much needed review |
| title_full |
The double nationality of João Rodrigues Cabrilho, Portuguese-born, naturalized Castilian. Part I – A much needed review |
| title_fullStr |
The double nationality of João Rodrigues Cabrilho, Portuguese-born, naturalized Castilian. Part I – A much needed review |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The double nationality of João Rodrigues Cabrilho, Portuguese-born, naturalized Castilian. Part I – A much needed review |
| title_sort |
The double nationality of João Rodrigues Cabrilho, Portuguese-born, naturalized Castilian. Part I – A much needed review |
| author |
Afonso, Paulo Manuel João |
| author_facet |
Afonso, Paulo Manuel João |
| author_role |
author |
| dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Afonso, Paulo Manuel João |
| dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
História Portuguesa Cabrilho nacionalidade Alvar Nunes Antonio Fernandes Bartolome Ferrer Pedro de Alvarado navios Califórnia maritima descobertas naturalização frota estrangeiros testamento carbono-14 crucifixo Novo Mundo colonial Século XVI Espanha Portugal Guatemala EUA Nova Espanha Nicarágua México genovês Génova homónimos Vice-rei Antonio de Mendoça Itália History Portuguese Cabrilho Cabrillo Nationality Alvar Nunes Antonio Fernandes Bartolome Ferrer Pedro de Alvarado ships California maritime discoveries naturalization fleet foreigners testament carbon-14 crucifix New World colonial XVI century Spain Portugal Guatemala USA Nicaragua New Spain Mexico Genoese Genoa Italy homonymous viceroy Antonio de Mendoça Historia Portuguesa Cabrilho Cabrillo nacionalidad Alvar Nunes Antonio Fernandes Bartolome Ferrer Pedro de Alvarado buques California marítima descubrimientos naturalización flota extranjeros testamento carbono-14 crucifijo Nuevo Mundo colonial siglo XVI España Portugal Guatemala EE.UU Nueva España Nicaragua México genovés Génova Italia homónimos virrey Antonio de Mendoça |
| topic |
História Portuguesa Cabrilho nacionalidade Alvar Nunes Antonio Fernandes Bartolome Ferrer Pedro de Alvarado navios Califórnia maritima descobertas naturalização frota estrangeiros testamento carbono-14 crucifixo Novo Mundo colonial Século XVI Espanha Portugal Guatemala EUA Nova Espanha Nicarágua México genovês Génova homónimos Vice-rei Antonio de Mendoça Itália History Portuguese Cabrilho Cabrillo Nationality Alvar Nunes Antonio Fernandes Bartolome Ferrer Pedro de Alvarado ships California maritime discoveries naturalization fleet foreigners testament carbon-14 crucifix New World colonial XVI century Spain Portugal Guatemala USA Nicaragua New Spain Mexico Genoese Genoa Italy homonymous viceroy Antonio de Mendoça Historia Portuguesa Cabrilho Cabrillo nacionalidad Alvar Nunes Antonio Fernandes Bartolome Ferrer Pedro de Alvarado buques California marítima descubrimientos naturalización flota extranjeros testamento carbono-14 crucifijo Nuevo Mundo colonial siglo XVI España Portugal Guatemala EE.UU Nueva España Nicaragua México genovés Génova Italia homónimos virrey Antonio de Mendoça |
| description |
This is a series of three papers revealing many important new connections between known historical documents and Alta California’s early maritime discovery. It brings new data about the complex network of individuals and events leading to this epic voyage, while focusing on the nationality of João Rodrigues Cabrilho and other Portuguese shipowners in Alvarado-Mendoça’s 1540-1543 fleet. Remarkably, Part I presents Bartolome Ferrer’s unpublished 1547 testament, where Cabrilho’s pilot-major declares to be natural (likely as in being born, not naturalized) of Albissola, near Savona. Ferrer was Genoese, not Spanish, correcting what is currently accepted. Furthermore, Part I critically reviews Cabrilho’s epoch international context, and gives many examples of naturalized foreigners who were not Spanish-born, seriously questioning the simplistic and premature conclusions about Cabrilho being Spanish-born based on W. Kramer’s 2015 important documental findings. Part II details categoric evidence about Alvar Nunes, a Portuguese pilot, co-owner of the Santa María de Buena Esperança, very likely Cabrilho’s fleet second largest ship (perhaps rebaptized as Santa María de La Victoria). Noticeable, António Fernandes may have been the Portuguese owner of another ship in Alvarado’s fleet - the Anton Hernandez, alternatively indicated as Cabrilho’s fleet second largest ship. Most crucially, supporting Cabrilho’s Portuguese nationality, new, diversified, and strong circumstantial evidence is documented regarding Juan Rodríguez(s) portugués (who was Cabrilho, in all verisimilitude) in Honduras and Nicaragua. While António Fernandes was a Portuguese neighbor of Granada (Nicaragua), Alvar Nuñez portugués and Juan Rodríguez portugués (their names in Castilian written documents) met in León de Nicaragua, at least by November 1529. Part II also presents Cabril’s parish (north of Portugal) ecclesiastic archive records of a Rodrigues family from the 1520’s. Part II ends by discussing remarkable new Carbon-14 radioisotope chronological data strongly supporting early 1530’s as the time when Cabrilho offered a crucifix to his Rodrigues family in Lapela (de Cabril), in agreement with their ancestral oral tradition. Part III addresses homonymous of Juan Rodríguez(s) portugués (like Panama’s rich Portuguese merchant) who were not Cabrilho, and homonymous of other key individuals in many of Cabrilho’s life events, including Francisco López portugués, perhaps also naturalized in nowadays Palma del Río. Finally, Part III also discusses what likely is the very first evidence about the existence of Cabrilho’s own testament. |
| publishDate |
2023 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-01-04 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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preprint |
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https://preprints.scielo.org/index.php/scielo/preprint/view/5255 10.1590/SciELOPreprints.5255 |
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https://preprints.scielo.org/index.php/scielo/preprint/view/5255 |
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10.1590/SciELOPreprints.5255 |
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eng |
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eng |
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https://preprints.scielo.org/index.php/scielo/article/view/5255/10388 |
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Copyright (c) 2023 Paulo Manuel João Afonso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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Copyright (c) 2023 Paulo Manuel João Afonso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
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SciELO Preprints SciELO Preprints SciELO Preprints |
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