Flexibilidade psicológica em idosos: uma proposta de intervenção on-line em grupo.

• Autor(a) principal: Medeiros, Antônio Gabriel Araújo Pimentel de
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UNICAP
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/1846
• topic: Teses; Psicologia cognitiva; Idosos - Psicologia; Terapia cognitiva - Inovações tecnológicas; Psicologia clínica; Internet na psicoterapia; Theses; Cognitive psychology; Cognitive therapy - Technological innovations; Clinical psychology; Internet in psychotherapy; Elderly - Psychology; CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA

The present study investigated the effects of a group intervention, based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), on the psychological flexibility of elderly people, hypothesizing its contribution to the development of this process. We chose a mixed study, with a quasi-experimental and descriptive and qualitative design, with a population of 10 elderly people aged between 66 and 73 years. To participate in the research, a Bio-Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Mini Mental State Examination and the Adapted Geriatric Depression Scale were completed. Those selected were divided into two groups with five members each and then entered a Group Intervention Protocol for Psychological Flexibility with ten meetings. A pre-test, post-test and three-month follow-up were carried out, using the Acceptance and Committed Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II) and the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ-7). At the end of the meetings, eight of the 10 participants agreed to respond to a Semi-structured Interview with six items. For quantitative analysis, Friedman ANOVAs and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks post hoc were performed to investigate temporal differences in AAQ-II and CFQ-7 levels between the three periods evaluated (p < 0.05). Kendall tau-b correlation tests were also performed with the two measurements. A thematic content analysis was used to understand the thematic cores of participants' reports about their experiences with the intervention. The results indicated a statistically significant difference between the groups (χ²(2) = 10.7; p = 0.005). More specifically, there were differences between times 1 and 2 (p = 0.010; effect size = 0.81) and between times 1 and 3 (p = 0.005; effect size = 0.88). Positive correlations were found at times 2 (τ = 0.707, p < 0.01) 3 (τ = 0.847, p = 0.001). The content analysis resulted in three meaning cores and five categories: Gains (perceived gains, exchange of experiences, conceptual learning and autonomy), Intervention Protocol (suggestions, difficulties and intervention), and TDICs. The results indicate that there was an increase in psychological flexibility from the increase in levels of acceptance and committed action and cognitive fusion. In line with the ACT model, the positive correlation found between the instruments suggests the mutual influence between the model's psychological flexibility processes. The interviews qualitatively surveyed the gains perceived in the testing, as well as the online experience and suggestions and difficulties presented by the participants. The excerpts analyzed showed general satisfaction with the intervention, leading to gains perceived by the participants, as well as exchanges of experiences, digital insertion and perception of autonomous actions. In conclusion, it is considered that the objective was achieved, presenting limitations for the generalization of data and important notes for future research, in which the collection of evidence from experimental research focused on specific outcomes, whether general processes of clinical interventions or particular processes of an approach, such as psychological flexibility, can generate greater job security for psychology professionals for the next years.