Filosofia como retórica: uma leitura de Nietzsche.

• Autor(a) principal: Perrusi, Martha Solange
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UNICAP
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/1233
• topic: Teses; Linguística; Retórica; Linguagem - Filosofia; Theses; Linguistics; Rhetoric; Language - Philosophy; LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES::LINGUISTICA

Nietzsche worked on language as scientist of language, that is, as a philologist, and later as a philosopher of language. We intend, with this research, to demarcate the universe of Nietzsche's thematization of language, in spite of the problem to be investigated by this thesis: if philosophy is possible only through language, and language is rhetoric, would philosophy also be rhetorical? Our main source for developing the thesis was the philosopher's youth texts. The thesis was divided into three chapters. The first aims to investigate method; for this, we work mainly with two texts by the philosopher: Homer and Classical Philology (1869) and Five prefaces for five unwritten books (1872) in dialogue with commentators. The main themes of this chapter were philology and interpretation. In the second chapter, we work on three main texts, On the Origin of Language (1869), On Truth and Lie in the Extramoral sense (1872) and Lecture Notes on Rhetoric (1872). The intention of the chapter was to discuss the texts in which Nietzsche focuses exclusively on the matter of language. On the one hand, language is the result of metaphorical transpositions; on the other, it is the result of rhetorical devices. We think we see a synonym between the two ways of describing language. In section 3 of the Lecture Notes on Rhetoric, Nietzsche asserts that language is rhetorical. We devoted the third chapter to discussing rhetoric and other elements of language in The Birth of Tragedy (1872), History of Greek Eloquence (1872) and, finally, Philosophy in the Tragic Era of the Greeks (1873), a text in which Nietzsche states that what is characteristic of philosophy in the tragic era and what philosophers do is metaphorical transpositions. We consider philosophy to be rhetorical because of the analogy with metaphorical transpositions. Finally, we discuss how Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle dealt with rhetoric in order to, eventually, conclude with the philosopher of the Nietzschean future.