Aplicação e importância do projeto eSocial: riscos ambientais em marmorarias.
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UNICAP |
Texto Completo: | http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/1773 |
Resumo: | The regulatory norms establish requirements and guidelines with the objective of ensuring the prevention of the safety and health of workers. Despite the existence of a robust regulatory framework, many employers fail to comply with the guidelines, acting only upon inspection and notification by the Ministry of Labor. The eSocial program was implemented by the federal government with the aim of creating digital bookkeeping platforms for tax, social secunty and labor obligations. Based on the existing misinformation about the program, the objective was to demonstrate the application and importance of the eSocial program in the production chain of civil construction, with emphasis on the environmental risks existing in marble factories. Five marble factories in the Sertão Paraibano were selected. Noise, breathable dust and silica were evaluated in the cutting sector between the years 2018 and 2023. For noise, measurements were performed with the aid of audiodosimeters. In each marble factory, three workers were selected and the equipment was installed in them, close to the auditory zone, remaining there for at least 75% of the daily workday. The average sound level (Lagv, in dB), the percentage of permitted daily exposure to noise (DOSE, 1%) and the normalized exposure level (NEN, in dB) were calculated. Breathable dust and silica were obtained with the aid of a sampling pump coupled with a cassette and a cyclone, installed on the worker's waist and remaining during the daily working day. The volume of air (liters), respirable dust (mg/m²), crystalline silica (%) and tolerance limit (LT, in mg/m³) were obtained. In all companies, Lagy and NEN were higher than the allowed LT of 85 dB. The DOSE also exceeded the maximum allowed percentage of 100%, with values up to five times the allowed dose. In companies 1 and 2, the concentration of respirable dust was approximately twice the calculated LT, however, no silica was detected. In companies 3 and 4, it was observed that the respirable dust was slightly above the LT and the percentage of silica was detected, 60.03 and 9. 14%, respectively, indicating that workers are exposed to the chemical agent. In company 5, silica was not detected and the respirable dust concentration was 0.88 mg/m3, well below the LT of 3 mg/m². The results point to a situation of insecurity for workers, with senous health risks. It is urgently recommended to adopt collective, administrative measures and the use of personal protective equipment, which eliminate or mitigate the existing risks, Greater rigor is needed in controlling these risks, as well as greater oversight by the competent bodies. With regard to the social security repercussions of the eSocial program, the risks found guarantee special retirement for workers in the analyzed companies. Employers must proceed with the payment of a social security contribution to the federal government, at rates between 6 and 12%, which are levied on workers' remuneration. |
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Oliveira, Joaquim Teodoro Romão deAlbuquerque, Siderley FernandesZarzar Júnior, Faud CarlosPereira, Daniel DuarteSantos, Félix Gustavo de Andrade2024-01-04T19:47:38Z2023-06-12SANTOS, Félix Gustavo de Andrade. Aplicação e importância do projeto eSocial : riscos ambientais em marmorarias. 2023. 70 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Católica de Pernambuco. Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil. Mestrado em Engenharia Civil, 2023.http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/1773The regulatory norms establish requirements and guidelines with the objective of ensuring the prevention of the safety and health of workers. Despite the existence of a robust regulatory framework, many employers fail to comply with the guidelines, acting only upon inspection and notification by the Ministry of Labor. The eSocial program was implemented by the federal government with the aim of creating digital bookkeeping platforms for tax, social secunty and labor obligations. Based on the existing misinformation about the program, the objective was to demonstrate the application and importance of the eSocial program in the production chain of civil construction, with emphasis on the environmental risks existing in marble factories. Five marble factories in the Sertão Paraibano were selected. Noise, breathable dust and silica were evaluated in the cutting sector between the years 2018 and 2023. For noise, measurements were performed with the aid of audiodosimeters. In each marble factory, three workers were selected and the equipment was installed in them, close to the auditory zone, remaining there for at least 75% of the daily workday. The average sound level (Lagv, in dB), the percentage of permitted daily exposure to noise (DOSE, 1%) and the normalized exposure level (NEN, in dB) were calculated. Breathable dust and silica were obtained with the aid of a sampling pump coupled with a cassette and a cyclone, installed on the worker's waist and remaining during the daily working day. The volume of air (liters), respirable dust (mg/m²), crystalline silica (%) and tolerance limit (LT, in mg/m³) were obtained. In all companies, Lagy and NEN were higher than the allowed LT of 85 dB. The DOSE also exceeded the maximum allowed percentage of 100%, with values up to five times the allowed dose. In companies 1 and 2, the concentration of respirable dust was approximately twice the calculated LT, however, no silica was detected. In companies 3 and 4, it was observed that the respirable dust was slightly above the LT and the percentage of silica was detected, 60.03 and 9. 14%, respectively, indicating that workers are exposed to the chemical agent. In company 5, silica was not detected and the respirable dust concentration was 0.88 mg/m3, well below the LT of 3 mg/m². The results point to a situation of insecurity for workers, with senous health risks. It is urgently recommended to adopt collective, administrative measures and the use of personal protective equipment, which eliminate or mitigate the existing risks, Greater rigor is needed in controlling these risks, as well as greater oversight by the competent bodies. With regard to the social security repercussions of the eSocial program, the risks found guarantee special retirement for workers in the analyzed companies. Employers must proceed with the payment of a social security contribution to the federal government, at rates between 6 and 12%, which are levied on workers' remuneration.As normas regulamentadoras estabelecem requisitos e diretrizes com o objetivo de assegurar a prevenção da segurança e saúde dos trabalhadores. Apesar da existência de um arcabouço normativo robusto, muitos empregadores descumprem as diretrizes, agindo apenas mediante fiscalização e notificação do Ministério do Trabalho. O programa eSocial foi implementado pelo governo federal com o objetivo de criar plataformas de escrituração digital das obrigações fiscais, previdenciárias e trabalhistas. Baseado na desinformação existente sobre o programa, objetivou-se demonstrar a aplicação e a importância do programa eSocial na cadeia produtiva da construção civil, com ênfase aos riscos ambientais existentes em marmorarias. Foram selecionadas cinco marmorarias do Sertão Paraibano. Foram avaliados o ruído, poeira respirável e sílica no setor de corte entre os anos 2018 e 2023. Para o ruído, as medições foram realizadas com o auxílio de audiodosímetros. Em cada marmoraria, foram selecionados três trabalhadores e os equipamentos foram instalados nos mesmos, próximo à zona auditiva, permanecendo por no mínimo 75% da jornada diária de trabalho. Foi calculado o nível médio do som (Lagv, em dB), o percentual da exposição diária permitida ao ruído (DOSE, %) e o nível de exposição normalizado (NEN, em dB). Poeira respirável e sílica foram obtidos com o auxílio de uma bomba de amostragem acoplada com um cassete e um ciclone, instalada na cintura do trabalhador e permanecendo durante a jornada diária de trabalho. Foram obtidos o volume de ar (litros), poeira respirável (mg/m³), sílica cristalina (%) e limite de tolerância (LT, em mg/m³). Em todas as empresas, Lagv e NEN foram maiores que o LT permitido de 85 dB. A DOSE também excedeu o percentual máximo permitido de 100%, com valores de até cinco vezes a dose permitida. Nas empresas 1 e 2, a concentração de poeira respirável foi aproximadamente o dobro do LT calculado, porém, não foi detectada sílica. Nas empresas 3 e 4, observou-se que a poeira respirável foi um pouco acima do LT e foi detectado percentual de sílica, 60.03 e 9.14%, respectivamente, indicando que os trabalhadores estão expostos ao agente químico. Na empresa 5, a sílica não foi detectada e a concentração de poeira respirável foi de 0,88 mg/m3, bem abaixo do LT de 3 mg/m³. Os resultados apontam para uma situação de insegurança aos trabalhadores, com riscos sérios à saúde. Recomenda-se urgentemente a adoção de medidas coletivas, administrativas e o uso de equipamentos de proteção individual, que eliminem ou atenuem os riscos existentes. Faz-se necessário um maior rigor no controle desses riscos, bem como uma maior fiscalização por parte dos órgãos competentes. No que se refere às repercussões previdenciárias do programa eSocial, os riscos encontrados garantem a aposentadoria especial aos trabalhadores das empresas analisadas. Os empregadores deverão proceder com o recolhimento de uma contribuição previdenciária ao governo federal, com alíquotas entre 6 e 12%, que incidem sobre a remuneração dos trabalhadores.Submitted by Biblioteca Central (biblioteca@unicap.br) on 2024-01-04T19:47:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ok_felix_gustavo_andrade_santos.pdf: 2334302 bytes, checksum: c0f597efad04c4827c724e2c9ff6c6d1 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2024-01-04T19:47:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ok_felix_gustavo_andrade_santos.pdf: 2334302 bytes, checksum: c0f597efad04c4827c724e2c9ff6c6d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2023-06-12application/pdfporUniversidade Católica de PernambucoMestrado em Engenharia CivilUNICAPBrasilDepartamento de Pós-GraduaçãoDissertaçõesConstrução civil - Medidas de segurançaDoenças profissionaisSegurança do trabalhoSaúde e trabalhoRuídoSílicaDissertationsCivil construction - Safety measuresProfessional diseasesWorkplace safetyHealth and workNoiseENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVILAplicação e importância do projeto eSocial: riscos ambientais em marmorarias.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis-7802886533828766338600500600-8854052368273140835-6274833215046395772info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UNICAPinstname:Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP)instacron:UNICAPORIGINALOk_felix_gustavo_andrade_santos.pdfOk_felix_gustavo_andrade_santos.pdfapplication/pdf2334302http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/bitstream/tede/1773/2/Ok_felix_gustavo_andrade_santos.pdfc0f597efad04c4827c724e2c9ff6c6d1MD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82170http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/bitstream/tede/1773/1/license.txt5d71329502a0e313f28be890c62f4ad8MD51tede/17732024-01-04 17:50:11.821oai:tede2.unicap.br:tede/1773Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://tede2.unicap.br:8080/http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/oai/requestbiblioteca@unicap.br||biblioteca@unicap.bropendoar:46462024-01-04T19:50:11Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UNICAP - Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Aplicação e importância do projeto eSocial: riscos ambientais em marmorarias. |
title |
Aplicação e importância do projeto eSocial: riscos ambientais em marmorarias. |
spellingShingle |
Aplicação e importância do projeto eSocial: riscos ambientais em marmorarias. Santos, Félix Gustavo de Andrade Dissertações Construção civil - Medidas de segurança Doenças profissionais Segurança do trabalho Saúde e trabalho Ruído Sílica Dissertations Civil construction - Safety measures Professional diseases Workplace safety Health and work Noise ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL |
title_short |
Aplicação e importância do projeto eSocial: riscos ambientais em marmorarias. |
title_full |
Aplicação e importância do projeto eSocial: riscos ambientais em marmorarias. |
title_fullStr |
Aplicação e importância do projeto eSocial: riscos ambientais em marmorarias. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aplicação e importância do projeto eSocial: riscos ambientais em marmorarias. |
title_sort |
Aplicação e importância do projeto eSocial: riscos ambientais em marmorarias. |
author |
Santos, Félix Gustavo de Andrade |
author_facet |
Santos, Félix Gustavo de Andrade |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Oliveira, Joaquim Teodoro Romão de |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Albuquerque, Siderley Fernandes |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Zarzar Júnior, Faud Carlos |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Pereira, Daniel Duarte |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Santos, Félix Gustavo de Andrade |
contributor_str_mv |
Oliveira, Joaquim Teodoro Romão de Albuquerque, Siderley Fernandes Zarzar Júnior, Faud Carlos Pereira, Daniel Duarte |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Dissertações Construção civil - Medidas de segurança Doenças profissionais Segurança do trabalho Saúde e trabalho Ruído Sílica |
topic |
Dissertações Construção civil - Medidas de segurança Doenças profissionais Segurança do trabalho Saúde e trabalho Ruído Sílica Dissertations Civil construction - Safety measures Professional diseases Workplace safety Health and work Noise ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Dissertations Civil construction - Safety measures Professional diseases Workplace safety Health and work Noise |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL |
description |
The regulatory norms establish requirements and guidelines with the objective of ensuring the prevention of the safety and health of workers. Despite the existence of a robust regulatory framework, many employers fail to comply with the guidelines, acting only upon inspection and notification by the Ministry of Labor. The eSocial program was implemented by the federal government with the aim of creating digital bookkeeping platforms for tax, social secunty and labor obligations. Based on the existing misinformation about the program, the objective was to demonstrate the application and importance of the eSocial program in the production chain of civil construction, with emphasis on the environmental risks existing in marble factories. Five marble factories in the Sertão Paraibano were selected. Noise, breathable dust and silica were evaluated in the cutting sector between the years 2018 and 2023. For noise, measurements were performed with the aid of audiodosimeters. In each marble factory, three workers were selected and the equipment was installed in them, close to the auditory zone, remaining there for at least 75% of the daily workday. The average sound level (Lagv, in dB), the percentage of permitted daily exposure to noise (DOSE, 1%) and the normalized exposure level (NEN, in dB) were calculated. Breathable dust and silica were obtained with the aid of a sampling pump coupled with a cassette and a cyclone, installed on the worker's waist and remaining during the daily working day. The volume of air (liters), respirable dust (mg/m²), crystalline silica (%) and tolerance limit (LT, in mg/m³) were obtained. In all companies, Lagy and NEN were higher than the allowed LT of 85 dB. The DOSE also exceeded the maximum allowed percentage of 100%, with values up to five times the allowed dose. In companies 1 and 2, the concentration of respirable dust was approximately twice the calculated LT, however, no silica was detected. In companies 3 and 4, it was observed that the respirable dust was slightly above the LT and the percentage of silica was detected, 60.03 and 9. 14%, respectively, indicating that workers are exposed to the chemical agent. In company 5, silica was not detected and the respirable dust concentration was 0.88 mg/m3, well below the LT of 3 mg/m². The results point to a situation of insecurity for workers, with senous health risks. It is urgently recommended to adopt collective, administrative measures and the use of personal protective equipment, which eliminate or mitigate the existing risks, Greater rigor is needed in controlling these risks, as well as greater oversight by the competent bodies. With regard to the social security repercussions of the eSocial program, the risks found guarantee special retirement for workers in the analyzed companies. Employers must proceed with the payment of a social security contribution to the federal government, at rates between 6 and 12%, which are levied on workers' remuneration. |
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