The influence of culture on crime and the impact of national development banks on regional growth

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Zanchi, Vinicius Vizzotto
Data de Publicação: 2019
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UCB
Texto Completo: https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/2583
Resumo: The first part of this thesis evaluates whether people in highly individualistic cultures have a lower propensity to commit violent crimes using cross-section data from 74 countries. Several previous papers report a significant negative correlation between these two variables, but it is not well established whether the effect of culture on crime is direct or indirect. My results show that individualistic nations generate a more effective juridical system which is mainly responsible for the variation in homicide rates across countries. It turns out that individualism affects crime only indirectly because the quality of legal institutions has a moderating effect. Economic or political institutions have a similar relation to the degree of individualism, however, the moderating effect on crime is only present for legal institutions. The second part analyzes whether the earmarked loans provided by the Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES) have an impact on the GDP growth of municipalities. I use dynamic panel data techniques with spatial dependence and the System-GMM estimator to evaluate the 5,504 municipalities between 2007 and 2016. Several previous papers report that credit offered by this bank has no impact on investments and productivity of large companies. However, since Brazil has a continental dimension and banking presence is still precarious in poor cities and distant from large agglomerations, the presence of BNDES??? loans may be relevant. My results show that the indirect loans of the BNDES, generally for small and medium firms and mandatorily disbursed through commercial banks, as well as non-earmarked credit from commercial banks, positively contribute to regional economic growth. On the other hand, the direct BNDES loans did not show pertinent influence.
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spelling Ehrl, Philipphttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9369923733901266http://lattes.cnpq.br/8332221780995436Zanchi, Vinicius Vizzotto2019-05-28T20:10:54Z2019-02-28ZANCHI, Vinicius Vizzotto. The influence of culture on crime and the impact of national development banks on regional growth. 2019. 65 f. Tese (Programa Stricto Sensu em Economia de Empresas) - Universidade Cat??lica de Bras??lia, Bras??lia, 2019.https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/2583The first part of this thesis evaluates whether people in highly individualistic cultures have a lower propensity to commit violent crimes using cross-section data from 74 countries. Several previous papers report a significant negative correlation between these two variables, but it is not well established whether the effect of culture on crime is direct or indirect. My results show that individualistic nations generate a more effective juridical system which is mainly responsible for the variation in homicide rates across countries. It turns out that individualism affects crime only indirectly because the quality of legal institutions has a moderating effect. Economic or political institutions have a similar relation to the degree of individualism, however, the moderating effect on crime is only present for legal institutions. The second part analyzes whether the earmarked loans provided by the Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES) have an impact on the GDP growth of municipalities. I use dynamic panel data techniques with spatial dependence and the System-GMM estimator to evaluate the 5,504 municipalities between 2007 and 2016. Several previous papers report that credit offered by this bank has no impact on investments and productivity of large companies. However, since Brazil has a continental dimension and banking presence is still precarious in poor cities and distant from large agglomerations, the presence of BNDES??? loans may be relevant. My results show that the indirect loans of the BNDES, generally for small and medium firms and mandatorily disbursed through commercial banks, as well as non-earmarked credit from commercial banks, positively contribute to regional economic growth. On the other hand, the direct BNDES loans did not show pertinent influence.A primeira parte desta tese avalia, usando dados cross-section de 74 pa??ses, se as pessoas em culturas altamente individualistas t??m menor propens??o a cometer crimes violentos. V??rios trabalhos anteriores relatam uma correla????o negativa significativa entre essas duas vari??veis, mas n??o est?? bem estabelecido se o efeito da cultura sobre o crime ?? direto ou indireto. Nossos resultados mostram que na????es individualistas geram um sistema jur??dico mais efetivo, o qual ?? o principal respons??vel pela varia????o das taxas de homic??dio entre os pa??ses. Com isso, o individualismo afeta o crime apenas indiretamente, pois a qualidade das institui????es jur??dicas tem um efeito moderador. Institui????es econ??micas ou pol??ticas t??m uma rela????o similar com o grau de individualismo. No entanto, o efeito moderador sobre o crime est?? presente apenas para institui????es legais. A segunda parte do trabalho analisa se os empr??stimos direcionados concedidos pelo BNDES t??m impacto no crescimento do PIB dos munic??pios. Para tanto, utilizamos dados em painel din??mico com depend??ncia espacial e estimador System-GMM para 5.504 munic??pios entre 2007 e 2016. V??rios trabalhos anteriores relatam que o cr??dito oferecido por esse banco n??o tem impacto nos investimentos e na produtividade de grandes empresas. Contudo, uma vez que o Brasil tem uma dimens??o continental e a presen??a banc??ria ainda ?? prec??ria nas cidades pobres e distantes dos grandes centros, o desempenho do BNDES pode ser relevante. Os resultados mostram que os empr??stimos indiretos do BNDES, geralmente para pequenas e m??dias empresas e desembolsado atrav??s de bancos comerciais, contribuem para o crescimento econ??mico regional, bem como o cr??dito n??o-direcionado de bancos comerciais. Por outro lado, os empr??stimos diretos n??o mostraram influ??ncia relevante.Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2019-05-28T20:10:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ViniciusVizzottoZanchiTese2019.pdf: 1731548 bytes, checksum: 2c40ebabd0ae7bebdc642f568e86762c (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2019-05-28T20:10:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ViniciusVizzottoZanchiTese2019.pdf: 1731548 bytes, checksum: 2c40ebabd0ae7bebdc642f568e86762c (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-05-28T20:10:54Z (GMT). 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv The influence of culture on crime and the impact of national development banks on regional growth
title The influence of culture on crime and the impact of national development banks on regional growth
spellingShingle The influence of culture on crime and the impact of national development banks on regional growth
Zanchi, Vinicius Vizzotto
Cultura
BNDES
Homic??dios
Bancos estatais
Crescimento regional
Bancos de desenvolvimento
Development banks
State-owned banks
Regional growth
Homicides
Culture
CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA
title_short The influence of culture on crime and the impact of national development banks on regional growth
title_full The influence of culture on crime and the impact of national development banks on regional growth
title_fullStr The influence of culture on crime and the impact of national development banks on regional growth
title_full_unstemmed The influence of culture on crime and the impact of national development banks on regional growth
title_sort The influence of culture on crime and the impact of national development banks on regional growth
author Zanchi, Vinicius Vizzotto
author_facet Zanchi, Vinicius Vizzotto
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Ehrl, Philipp
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/9369923733901266
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/8332221780995436
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Zanchi, Vinicius Vizzotto
contributor_str_mv Ehrl, Philipp
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Cultura
BNDES
Homic??dios
Bancos estatais
Crescimento regional
Bancos de desenvolvimento
topic Cultura
BNDES
Homic??dios
Bancos estatais
Crescimento regional
Bancos de desenvolvimento
Development banks
State-owned banks
Regional growth
Homicides
Culture
CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Development banks
State-owned banks
Regional growth
Homicides
Culture
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA
dc.description.abstract.eng.fl_txt_mv The first part of this thesis evaluates whether people in highly individualistic cultures have a lower propensity to commit violent crimes using cross-section data from 74 countries. Several previous papers report a significant negative correlation between these two variables, but it is not well established whether the effect of culture on crime is direct or indirect. My results show that individualistic nations generate a more effective juridical system which is mainly responsible for the variation in homicide rates across countries. It turns out that individualism affects crime only indirectly because the quality of legal institutions has a moderating effect. Economic or political institutions have a similar relation to the degree of individualism, however, the moderating effect on crime is only present for legal institutions. The second part analyzes whether the earmarked loans provided by the Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES) have an impact on the GDP growth of municipalities. I use dynamic panel data techniques with spatial dependence and the System-GMM estimator to evaluate the 5,504 municipalities between 2007 and 2016. Several previous papers report that credit offered by this bank has no impact on investments and productivity of large companies. However, since Brazil has a continental dimension and banking presence is still precarious in poor cities and distant from large agglomerations, the presence of BNDES??? loans may be relevant. My results show that the indirect loans of the BNDES, generally for small and medium firms and mandatorily disbursed through commercial banks, as well as non-earmarked credit from commercial banks, positively contribute to regional economic growth. On the other hand, the direct BNDES loans did not show pertinent influence.
dc.description.abstract.por.fl_txt_mv A primeira parte desta tese avalia, usando dados cross-section de 74 pa??ses, se as pessoas em culturas altamente individualistas t??m menor propens??o a cometer crimes violentos. V??rios trabalhos anteriores relatam uma correla????o negativa significativa entre essas duas vari??veis, mas n??o est?? bem estabelecido se o efeito da cultura sobre o crime ?? direto ou indireto. Nossos resultados mostram que na????es individualistas geram um sistema jur??dico mais efetivo, o qual ?? o principal respons??vel pela varia????o das taxas de homic??dio entre os pa??ses. Com isso, o individualismo afeta o crime apenas indiretamente, pois a qualidade das institui????es jur??dicas tem um efeito moderador. Institui????es econ??micas ou pol??ticas t??m uma rela????o similar com o grau de individualismo. No entanto, o efeito moderador sobre o crime est?? presente apenas para institui????es legais. A segunda parte do trabalho analisa se os empr??stimos direcionados concedidos pelo BNDES t??m impacto no crescimento do PIB dos munic??pios. Para tanto, utilizamos dados em painel din??mico com depend??ncia espacial e estimador System-GMM para 5.504 munic??pios entre 2007 e 2016. V??rios trabalhos anteriores relatam que o cr??dito oferecido por esse banco n??o tem impacto nos investimentos e na produtividade de grandes empresas. Contudo, uma vez que o Brasil tem uma dimens??o continental e a presen??a banc??ria ainda ?? prec??ria nas cidades pobres e distantes dos grandes centros, o desempenho do BNDES pode ser relevante. Os resultados mostram que os empr??stimos indiretos do BNDES, geralmente para pequenas e m??dias empresas e desembolsado atrav??s de bancos comerciais, contribuem para o crescimento econ??mico regional, bem como o cr??dito n??o-direcionado de bancos comerciais. Por outro lado, os empr??stimos diretos n??o mostraram influ??ncia relevante.
description The first part of this thesis evaluates whether people in highly individualistic cultures have a lower propensity to commit violent crimes using cross-section data from 74 countries. Several previous papers report a significant negative correlation between these two variables, but it is not well established whether the effect of culture on crime is direct or indirect. My results show that individualistic nations generate a more effective juridical system which is mainly responsible for the variation in homicide rates across countries. It turns out that individualism affects crime only indirectly because the quality of legal institutions has a moderating effect. Economic or political institutions have a similar relation to the degree of individualism, however, the moderating effect on crime is only present for legal institutions. The second part analyzes whether the earmarked loans provided by the Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES) have an impact on the GDP growth of municipalities. I use dynamic panel data techniques with spatial dependence and the System-GMM estimator to evaluate the 5,504 municipalities between 2007 and 2016. Several previous papers report that credit offered by this bank has no impact on investments and productivity of large companies. However, since Brazil has a continental dimension and banking presence is still precarious in poor cities and distant from large agglomerations, the presence of BNDES??? loans may be relevant. My results show that the indirect loans of the BNDES, generally for small and medium firms and mandatorily disbursed through commercial banks, as well as non-earmarked credit from commercial banks, positively contribute to regional economic growth. On the other hand, the direct BNDES loans did not show pertinent influence.
publishDate 2019
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2019-05-28T20:10:54Z
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2019-02-28
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dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv ZANCHI, Vinicius Vizzotto. The influence of culture on crime and the impact of national development banks on regional growth. 2019. 65 f. Tese (Programa Stricto Sensu em Economia de Empresas) - Universidade Cat??lica de Bras??lia, Bras??lia, 2019.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/2583
identifier_str_mv ZANCHI, Vinicius Vizzotto. The influence of culture on crime and the impact of national development banks on regional growth. 2019. 65 f. Tese (Programa Stricto Sensu em Economia de Empresas) - Universidade Cat??lica de Bras??lia, Bras??lia, 2019.
url https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/2583
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Cat??lica de Bras??lia
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv Programa Stricto Sensu em Economia de Empresas
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv UCB
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv Brasil
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv Escola de Gest??o e Neg??cios
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Cat??lica de Bras??lia
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