Associa????o da hipertens??o arterial durante a gravidez com prematuridade e baixo peso ao nascer: repercuss??es para o desenvolvimento na inf??ncia

• Autor(a) principal: Prado, Ivanete Fernandes do
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UCB
• Texto Completo: https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/2015
• topic: Hipertens??o arterial; Gravidez; Prematuridade; Atividade f??sica; Qualidade de vida; BPN; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::EDUCACAO FISICA

Among diseases that happen during pregnancy, hypertension is considered to have the most detrimental effects on the mother's, fetus and newborn's body. Among the repercussions that this disease can bring to the fetus are prematurity and low birth weight, which are considered the main determinants of the risk of death in the neonatal period and of the developmental problems in childhood, besides increasing the probability of occurrence of various diseases in adult life. This study objective to identify the prevalence of arterial hypertension during pregnancy and to associates it with prematurity and low birth weight. It is a case-control study carried out in the Public hospital in the municipality of Guanambi-Bahia a, using the statements of live births and medical records of pregnant women. The sample was composed of 207 pregnant women and 212 live newborns, divided into case-group and control group. A research protocol was used to record newborn data, maternal data, gestation/childbirth, and gestational risk factors: hemorrhage, early placental abruption, placenta previa, premature amniorrexis, oligodendrogram, TORCHS, urinary tract infection, alcoholism , diabetes, hypertension, smoking, medication use, drugs and childbirth. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Catholic University of Bras??lia and Secretary of Health of the State of Bahia. The associations of the possible variables that predict prematurity and low birth weight were analyzed using hierarchical models of multiple logistic regression. The prevalence of pregnant women with arterial hypertension during admission to labor in the studied sample was 13.5%. Hypertension was associated with both prematurity and low birth weight. There was a significant association (p <0.05) between gestational risk factors and prematurity. Gestational risk factors and prematurity were also associated with low birth weight (p <0.05). Mothers with hypertension presented 3.47 (95% CI: 1.37-8.81) times more chance of having a preterm child and 2.55 (1.03-6.32) times more chance of having a child with low birth weight (P <0.05); mothers who presented other risk factors that aren't the hypertension had 2.21 (95% CI: 1.13-4.31) times more chance of having preterm (p <0.05) and 1.79 (95% CI: 96-3,36) time more change of having children with low birth weight (p = 0.0681), when they are compared to mothers without gestational risk factors. Mothers with less than seven prenatal visits had 2.31 (1.22-4.34) times more chance of having a preterm child than those with at least 7 visits (p<0.05). Low birth weight was not associated with the number of prenatal visits. Gestational risk factors may induce prematurity and low birth weight. Faced with this outcome, it is advised that pregnant women in this situation should be referred and ensured high-risk follow-up, as well as guided on healthy lifestyles and systematic practice of physical activity.