Estudo da contaminação antrópica em águas, sedimentos e solos urbanos

• Autor(a) principal: Almeida, Jéssika Aparecida Santos de
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UNICENTRO
• Texto Completo: http://tede.unicentro.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/1839
• topic: Poluição ambiental; Elementos traço; Veículos automotivos; F AAS; Environmental pollution; Trace elements; Automotive vehicles; F AAS; CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA

The urbanization increasing has been one of the anthropogenic activities that most lead to environmental problems and direct or indirect end up contaminating environmental compartments such as water, soil, and sediments. Sediment is a compartment that can accumulate historical data such as the contamination of trace elements in water. One of the causes of the increase in the concentration of trace elements in urban areas is related to vehicle traffic, with the wear and tear of parts such as tires, brakes and vehicle engines that end up releasing contaminating elements and somehow reaching those compartments. Trace elements in sufficiently high concentrations cause harmful effects to humans and the environment due to toxicity and bioaccumulation. The objective of this work was to determine the concentration of trace elements (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn) in environmental samples (water, sediment, and soil) by using the flame atomic absorption spectrometry technique (F AAS), investigating whether in places of use and maintenance of vehicles the elements cited presented relatively high concentrations. Water, sediment, and soil samples from 13 collection points with automobile traffic in the city of Guarapuava - PR were evaluated. The quantification of potentially bioavailable trace elements in sediment samples indicated concentrations below the PEL (probable effect level) limit while for the pseudototal fraction Pb concentrations at 4 collection points identified as 8, 10, 11 and 13, exceeded this maximum recommended value, which associates adverse effects to biota. In the water samples relatively high concentrations of the elements Cu and Pb were observed in 2 collection points (11 and 13) for the dissolved fraction and for the total fraction relatively high concentrations of Cd, Cu, and Pb were observed in 4 collection points (5, 10, 11 and 13), exceeding the maximum value recommended by the resolution CONAMA Nº 357 of 2005 established for Class II waters. The concentration of trace elements in the bioavailable fraction of the soils sampled at all collection points were within the value recommended by CONAMA resolution Nº 420 of 2009. In the pseudototal fraction of the soils, the elements Cd, Cu, and Pb at points 2, 3, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, and 13 showed concentration levels above the recommended prevention values.