Planejamento de colheita de madeira em região montanhosa com uso de modelagem espacial e programação linear inteira

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Rudek, Alynne
Data de Publicação: 2014
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UNICENTRO
Texto Completo: http://tede.unicentro.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/1341
Resumo: Given the difficulties encountered in the realization of forest harvesting in mountainous areas, this paper aims to define the planning of timber harvesting in mountainous region with the support of computational tools. From the collected data relating to the extraction and processing of timber operations using cable logging, a mathematical model was developed to predicting the allocation of towers to harvest using cable logging, which included the variables system productivity, distance extraction, timber volume per cell (100 m²), land slope and time operating cycle. With this model it was possible to simulate the allocation of the towers under different conditions, and therefore, the system performance considering different variables influence on the system, which allows taking more assertive decisions about the allocation of the towers and system planning. This work was performed in the operational areas of forest harvesting, belonging to the company Berneck. Using ArcGIS tools mapping of existing classes of slope was conducted in the study area, and using the slope as a criterion for determining the most appropriate systems for logging, areas were defined to be harvested using different extraction systems applied by the company. Were used as tools for planning of forest harvest Operations Research and Geographical Information Systems. The results showed that a large portion of the study area showed high slopes, belonging classes 15° to 20° and 21° to 30°, corresponding to 28,51% and 54,85% of the total area, respectively, then being performed in these areas wood harvesting system using cable logging. The cable logging represented 91,01% of the areas to be harvested using this system. The class of distance equivalent to 200 m extraction accounted for 57,43% of the total area to be harvested with the cable logging system, followed by the distance 201-400 m with 26,86% of the total area, while other areas were found in classes with values greater than 400 m. For the scenario of minimizing the sum of the distances of extraction, the model estimated the productivity of the system under different slope and distance extraction conditions. It was found that the productivity of the system ranged between 21,0 m³ h-1 and 18,0 m³ h-1 in the distance classes of 50 m and 150 m, respectively. For the range of slope equal to 7° and 45°, the productivity ranged between 21,0 m³ h-1 and 17,27 m³ h-1 respectively, for the same scenario. As the scenario for minimizing the cycle time operating the system productivity ranged from 21,68 m³ h-1 16,0 m³ h-1 , in the range of distance equal to 100 m and 200 m, respectively. By varying the slope between 5° and 20°, the productivity ranged between 20,57 m³ h-1 and 18,86 m³ h-1 respectively. The results showed that the variable "Cycle Time" affects the definition of the points allocation towers, resulting in fewer positions to be occupied by the tower and consequently larger area of extraction tower; the variable "Distance Extraction" affects the definition of the points allocation tower, resulting in the selection of more locations for installation of the towers, thus resulting in greater movement of the towers. The model developed for allocation of towers is efficient, but needs to be improved to ensure greater precision in cases where the extraction is performed over long distances. This information helps in decision making in the planning stage of the harvesting operation with cable logging.
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spelling Lopes, Eduardo da Silvahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1280835655867163Arce, Julio Eduardohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4034397326977747Oliveira Filho, Paulo Costa dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0477181220059240078.002.989-57http://lattes.cnpq.br/3832709209825873Rudek, Alynne2021-02-19T12:17:42Z2014-09-09Rudek, Alynne. Planejamento de colheita de madeira em região montanhosa com uso de modelagem espacial e programação linear inteira. 2014. 89 f. Dissertação (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais - Mestrado) - Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Irati-PR.http://tede.unicentro.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/1341Given the difficulties encountered in the realization of forest harvesting in mountainous areas, this paper aims to define the planning of timber harvesting in mountainous region with the support of computational tools. From the collected data relating to the extraction and processing of timber operations using cable logging, a mathematical model was developed to predicting the allocation of towers to harvest using cable logging, which included the variables system productivity, distance extraction, timber volume per cell (100 m²), land slope and time operating cycle. With this model it was possible to simulate the allocation of the towers under different conditions, and therefore, the system performance considering different variables influence on the system, which allows taking more assertive decisions about the allocation of the towers and system planning. This work was performed in the operational areas of forest harvesting, belonging to the company Berneck. Using ArcGIS tools mapping of existing classes of slope was conducted in the study area, and using the slope as a criterion for determining the most appropriate systems for logging, areas were defined to be harvested using different extraction systems applied by the company. Were used as tools for planning of forest harvest Operations Research and Geographical Information Systems. The results showed that a large portion of the study area showed high slopes, belonging classes 15° to 20° and 21° to 30°, corresponding to 28,51% and 54,85% of the total area, respectively, then being performed in these areas wood harvesting system using cable logging. The cable logging represented 91,01% of the areas to be harvested using this system. The class of distance equivalent to 200 m extraction accounted for 57,43% of the total area to be harvested with the cable logging system, followed by the distance 201-400 m with 26,86% of the total area, while other areas were found in classes with values greater than 400 m. For the scenario of minimizing the sum of the distances of extraction, the model estimated the productivity of the system under different slope and distance extraction conditions. It was found that the productivity of the system ranged between 21,0 m³ h-1 and 18,0 m³ h-1 in the distance classes of 50 m and 150 m, respectively. For the range of slope equal to 7° and 45°, the productivity ranged between 21,0 m³ h-1 and 17,27 m³ h-1 respectively, for the same scenario. As the scenario for minimizing the cycle time operating the system productivity ranged from 21,68 m³ h-1 16,0 m³ h-1 , in the range of distance equal to 100 m and 200 m, respectively. By varying the slope between 5° and 20°, the productivity ranged between 20,57 m³ h-1 and 18,86 m³ h-1 respectively. The results showed that the variable "Cycle Time" affects the definition of the points allocation towers, resulting in fewer positions to be occupied by the tower and consequently larger area of extraction tower; the variable "Distance Extraction" affects the definition of the points allocation tower, resulting in the selection of more locations for installation of the towers, thus resulting in greater movement of the towers. The model developed for allocation of towers is efficient, but needs to be improved to ensure greater precision in cases where the extraction is performed over long distances. This information helps in decision making in the planning stage of the harvesting operation with cable logging.Tendo em vista as dificuldades encontradas na realização da colheita florestal em áreas montanhosas, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo definir o planejamento da colheita de madeira em região montanhosa utilizando Programação Linear Inteira (PLI) e Modelagem Espacial. A partir de dados coletados em campo referente à operação de colheita de madeira com o sistema de cabos aéreos, foi desenvolvido um modelo matemático para predição da alocação de torres para colheita com cabos aéreos, o qual contemplou as variáveis, produtividade do sistema, distância de extração, volume de madeira por célula (100 m²), declividade do terreno e tempo de ciclo operacional. Com esse modelo foi possível simular a alocação das torres em diferentes condições e, por conseguinte, o desempenho do sistema de cabos aéreos considerando diferentes variáveis de influência sobre o sistema, o que permite a tomada de decisões mais assertivas sobre a alocação das torres e o planejamento do sistema. O presente trabalho foi realizado nas áreas operacionais da colheita florestal, pertencente à empresa Berneck. Foi realizado o mapeamento das classes de declividade existentes na área de estudos, e utilizando a declividade como critério para definição dos sistemas mais adequados para a extração de madeira foram definidas as áreas a serem colhidas utilizando os diferentes sistemas de colheita empregados pela empresa. Foram utilizados como ferramentas para o planejamento da colheita florestal a Pesquisa Operacional e Sistemas de Informações Geográficas. Os resultados mostraram que grande porção da área estudada apresentou declividades elevadas, pertencentes às classes de 15 a 20º e 21 a 30º, correspondendo a 28,51% e 54,85% da área total, respectivamente, sendo então realizada a colheita de madeira nestas áreas com uso do sistema de cabos aéreos. O cabo aéreo representou 91,01 % das áreas a serem colhidas. A classe de distância de extração equivalente a 200 m representou 57,43% da área total a ser colhida com o uso do sistema de cabos aéreos, seguido pela distância de 201 a 400 m com 26,86% da área total, enquanto as demais áreas situaram-se nas classes com valores superiores a 400 m. Para o cenário de minimização do somatório das distâncias de extração, o modelo estimou a produtividade do sistema em diferentes condições de declividade e distância de extração. Foi verificado que a produtividade do sistema variou entre 21,0 m³ h-1 e 18,0 m³ h-1 , nas classes de distância de 50 m e 150 m, respectivamente. Para o intervalo de declividade igual a 7º e 45º, a produtividade teve variação entre 21,0 m³ h1 e 17,27 m³ h-1 respectivamente, para o mesmo cenário. Enquanto no cenário para minimização do tempo de ciclo operacional a produtividade do sistema variou entre 21,68 m³ h -1 e 16,0 m³ h-1 , no intervalo de distância igual a 100 m e 200 m, respectivamente. Ao variar a declividade entre 5º e 20º, a produtividade teve variação entre 20,57 m³ h-1 e 18,86 m³ h-1 respectivamente. Os resultados mostraram que a variável “Tempo de Ciclo” afeta na definição dos pontos de alocação de torres, resultando em menor número de posições a serem ocupadas pela torre e consequentemente maior área de extração por torre; a variável “Distância de Extração” afeta na definição dos pontos de alocação, resultando na seleção de maior número de locais para instalação das torres, distâncias de extração mais curtas e maior movimentação das torres. O modelo para alocação de torres é eficiente, porém precisa ser aperfeiçoado a fim de garantir maior precisão nos casos em que a extração é realizada a longas distâncias. Estas informações auxiliam na tomada de decisão na etapa de planejamento da operação de colheita com cabos aéreos.Submitted by Fabiano Jucá (fjuca@unicentro.br) on 2021-02-19T12:17:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Alynne Rudek.pdf: 7921767 bytes, checksum: 0643c2db8afeca05aeb22fdd8b7e01ea (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2021-02-19T12:17:42Z (GMT). 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Planejamento de colheita de madeira em região montanhosa com uso de modelagem espacial e programação linear inteira
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv Planning of timber harvesting in mountainous region using spatial modeling and integer linear programming
title Planejamento de colheita de madeira em região montanhosa com uso de modelagem espacial e programação linear inteira
spellingShingle Planejamento de colheita de madeira em região montanhosa com uso de modelagem espacial e programação linear inteira
Rudek, Alynne
Cabos aéreos
colheita florestal
otimização
modelagem espacial
Cable logging
forest harvesting
optimization
spatial modeling
CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL
RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::MANEJO FLORESTAL
title_short Planejamento de colheita de madeira em região montanhosa com uso de modelagem espacial e programação linear inteira
title_full Planejamento de colheita de madeira em região montanhosa com uso de modelagem espacial e programação linear inteira
title_fullStr Planejamento de colheita de madeira em região montanhosa com uso de modelagem espacial e programação linear inteira
title_full_unstemmed Planejamento de colheita de madeira em região montanhosa com uso de modelagem espacial e programação linear inteira
title_sort Planejamento de colheita de madeira em região montanhosa com uso de modelagem espacial e programação linear inteira
author Rudek, Alynne
author_facet Rudek, Alynne
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Lopes, Eduardo da Silva
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/1280835655867163
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv Arce, Julio Eduardo
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/4034397326977747
dc.contributor.advisor-co2.fl_str_mv Oliveira Filho, Paulo Costa de
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/0477181220059240
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv 078.002.989-57
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/3832709209825873
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Rudek, Alynne
contributor_str_mv Lopes, Eduardo da Silva
Arce, Julio Eduardo
Oliveira Filho, Paulo Costa de
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Cabos aéreos
colheita florestal
otimização
modelagem espacial
topic Cabos aéreos
colheita florestal
otimização
modelagem espacial
Cable logging
forest harvesting
optimization
spatial modeling
CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL
RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::MANEJO FLORESTAL
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Cable logging
forest harvesting
optimization
spatial modeling
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL
RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::MANEJO FLORESTAL
description Given the difficulties encountered in the realization of forest harvesting in mountainous areas, this paper aims to define the planning of timber harvesting in mountainous region with the support of computational tools. From the collected data relating to the extraction and processing of timber operations using cable logging, a mathematical model was developed to predicting the allocation of towers to harvest using cable logging, which included the variables system productivity, distance extraction, timber volume per cell (100 m²), land slope and time operating cycle. With this model it was possible to simulate the allocation of the towers under different conditions, and therefore, the system performance considering different variables influence on the system, which allows taking more assertive decisions about the allocation of the towers and system planning. This work was performed in the operational areas of forest harvesting, belonging to the company Berneck. Using ArcGIS tools mapping of existing classes of slope was conducted in the study area, and using the slope as a criterion for determining the most appropriate systems for logging, areas were defined to be harvested using different extraction systems applied by the company. Were used as tools for planning of forest harvest Operations Research and Geographical Information Systems. The results showed that a large portion of the study area showed high slopes, belonging classes 15° to 20° and 21° to 30°, corresponding to 28,51% and 54,85% of the total area, respectively, then being performed in these areas wood harvesting system using cable logging. The cable logging represented 91,01% of the areas to be harvested using this system. The class of distance equivalent to 200 m extraction accounted for 57,43% of the total area to be harvested with the cable logging system, followed by the distance 201-400 m with 26,86% of the total area, while other areas were found in classes with values greater than 400 m. For the scenario of minimizing the sum of the distances of extraction, the model estimated the productivity of the system under different slope and distance extraction conditions. It was found that the productivity of the system ranged between 21,0 m³ h-1 and 18,0 m³ h-1 in the distance classes of 50 m and 150 m, respectively. For the range of slope equal to 7° and 45°, the productivity ranged between 21,0 m³ h-1 and 17,27 m³ h-1 respectively, for the same scenario. As the scenario for minimizing the cycle time operating the system productivity ranged from 21,68 m³ h-1 16,0 m³ h-1 , in the range of distance equal to 100 m and 200 m, respectively. By varying the slope between 5° and 20°, the productivity ranged between 20,57 m³ h-1 and 18,86 m³ h-1 respectively. The results showed that the variable "Cycle Time" affects the definition of the points allocation towers, resulting in fewer positions to be occupied by the tower and consequently larger area of extraction tower; the variable "Distance Extraction" affects the definition of the points allocation tower, resulting in the selection of more locations for installation of the towers, thus resulting in greater movement of the towers. The model developed for allocation of towers is efficient, but needs to be improved to ensure greater precision in cases where the extraction is performed over long distances. This information helps in decision making in the planning stage of the harvesting operation with cable logging.
publishDate 2014
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2014-09-09
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2021-02-19T12:17:42Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv Rudek, Alynne. Planejamento de colheita de madeira em região montanhosa com uso de modelagem espacial e programação linear inteira. 2014. 89 f. Dissertação (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais - Mestrado) - Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Irati-PR.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://tede.unicentro.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/1341
identifier_str_mv Rudek, Alynne. Planejamento de colheita de madeira em região montanhosa com uso de modelagem espacial e programação linear inteira. 2014. 89 f. Dissertação (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais - Mestrado) - Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Irati-PR.
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