Ingestive behavior of sheep fed Brazil nut cake in the diet
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Semina. Ciências Agrárias (Online) |
Texto Completo: | https://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/22474 |
Resumo: | This study evaluated the ingestive behavior of sheep when fed a corn-silage-based diet with varying levels (0%, 15%, 30%, and 60%) of Brazil nut cake (NC) (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.). Sixteen mongrel sheep with an average weight of 33 ± 6.04 kg were randomly distributed between four treatments. Data were tested for assumptions of normality, subjected to an analysis of variance, and adjusted in regression equations and by Williams’ test, to estimate the W point. The voluntary intake of dry matter (DM) and insoluble neutral detergent fiber (NDF) decreased linearly (P = 0.013 and P = 0.002) by 5.0 g and 2.41 g d-1, respectively, for every 1% of NC added to the diet. The time the animals spent feeding (288.75 min d-1) was not significantly affected; time spent idle increased linearly (P= 0.0002) by 3.10 min, and time spent during rumination decreased linearly by 2.62 min (P = 0.001) for each 1% addition of the co-product. The number of ruminated boluses (NRB) displayed a decreasing effect (P = 0.004) of 4.61 d-1 for each 1% of NC. For ruminating chews, the time spent per bolus (37.5 sec) and the number per bolus (56.14) did not differ (P > 0.05) between treatments. However, the total chewing time (TCT) decreased linearly (P = 0.002) by 0.05 h d-1 and the number of chews per day displayed a quadratic effect (P = 0.008), with a maximum value estimated at 17.5% of NC in the diet. Rumination efficiency did not differ between the treatments (101.95 g DM h-1 and 36.76 g NDF h-1). The feeding efficiency (FE) had a linear reduction (P = 0.045) of 0.42 g NDF h-1, but was similar for g DM h-1 (172.5). The daily intake of DM and NDF showed W points estimated at 51.96% and 30.67% NC, respectively. The variables NRB, TCT, and FE (g NDF h-1) had W points estimated at 56.64%, 56.19%, and 56.33% NC, respectively. The Brazil nut cake, when present at levels greater than 56% of the diet’s DM, affects the ingestive behavior of the animals, particularly rumination-related variables, and at levels of 30.67%, it begins to affect the consumption of NDF, primarily due to the ether extract content and the diet’s fiber source. |
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Ingestive behavior of sheep fed Brazil nut cake in the dietComportamento ingestivo de ovinos alimentados com torta de castanha-do-pará na dietaChewingCo-productsFeedingIdling periodRumination.AlimentaçãoCastanha-do-paráCoprodutosÓcioRuminação.This study evaluated the ingestive behavior of sheep when fed a corn-silage-based diet with varying levels (0%, 15%, 30%, and 60%) of Brazil nut cake (NC) (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.). Sixteen mongrel sheep with an average weight of 33 ± 6.04 kg were randomly distributed between four treatments. Data were tested for assumptions of normality, subjected to an analysis of variance, and adjusted in regression equations and by Williams’ test, to estimate the W point. The voluntary intake of dry matter (DM) and insoluble neutral detergent fiber (NDF) decreased linearly (P = 0.013 and P = 0.002) by 5.0 g and 2.41 g d-1, respectively, for every 1% of NC added to the diet. The time the animals spent feeding (288.75 min d-1) was not significantly affected; time spent idle increased linearly (P= 0.0002) by 3.10 min, and time spent during rumination decreased linearly by 2.62 min (P = 0.001) for each 1% addition of the co-product. The number of ruminated boluses (NRB) displayed a decreasing effect (P = 0.004) of 4.61 d-1 for each 1% of NC. For ruminating chews, the time spent per bolus (37.5 sec) and the number per bolus (56.14) did not differ (P > 0.05) between treatments. However, the total chewing time (TCT) decreased linearly (P = 0.002) by 0.05 h d-1 and the number of chews per day displayed a quadratic effect (P = 0.008), with a maximum value estimated at 17.5% of NC in the diet. Rumination efficiency did not differ between the treatments (101.95 g DM h-1 and 36.76 g NDF h-1). The feeding efficiency (FE) had a linear reduction (P = 0.045) of 0.42 g NDF h-1, but was similar for g DM h-1 (172.5). The daily intake of DM and NDF showed W points estimated at 51.96% and 30.67% NC, respectively. The variables NRB, TCT, and FE (g NDF h-1) had W points estimated at 56.64%, 56.19%, and 56.33% NC, respectively. The Brazil nut cake, when present at levels greater than 56% of the diet’s DM, affects the ingestive behavior of the animals, particularly rumination-related variables, and at levels of 30.67%, it begins to affect the consumption of NDF, primarily due to the ether extract content and the diet’s fiber source.Avaliou-se o comportamento ingestivo de ovinos alimentados com níveis de inclusão (0, 15, 30 e 60%) de torta de castanha-do-pará (TC) (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.), na dieta à base de silagem de milho. Foram utilizados 16 cordeiros, sem raça definida e peso médio de 33 ± 6.04 kg, distribuídos aleatoriamente nos quatro tratamentos. Os dados foram analisados quanto à normalidade, submetidos à análise de variância, ajustados em equações de regressão e ao teste de Williams, estimando-se o ponto W. Os consumos voluntários de matéria seca (MS) e fibra insolúvel em detergente neutro (FDN), reduziram linearmente (P=0,013 e P=0,002) em 5,0 g e 2,41 g dia-1, respectivamente, para cada 1% de TC inclusa na dieta. O tempo despendido em alimentação (288,75 min dia-1) não foi afetado significativamente, o tempo em ócio cresceu linearmente (P=0,002) em 3,10 minutos, e o tempo gasto em ruminação decresceu (P=0,001) em 2,62 minutos, para cada 1% de inclusão do coproduto. O número de bolos ruminados (NBR) sofreu efeito decrescente (P=0,004) em 4,61 nº dia-1. Quanto às mastigações merícicas, o tempo gasto por bolo (37,5 seg) e o número por bolo (56,14) não diferiram (P>0,05) entre os tratamentos, mas o tempo total de mastigação (TTM) reduziu linearmente (P=0,002) em 0,05 h dia- 1 e o número de mastigações por dia apresentou efeito quadrático (P=0,008), com máximo estimado em 17,5% de TC. A eficiência de ruminação não diferiu entre os tratamentos (101,95 g MS h-1 e 36,76 g FDN h-1) e a eficiência de alimentação (EAL) sofreu redução linear (P=0,045) em 0,42 g FDN h-1, mas foi semelhante para g MS h-1 (172,5). Os consumos diários de MS e FDN apresentaram pontos W estimados em 51,96 e 30,67% de TC, respectivamente. As variáveis NBR, TTM e EAL (g FDN h-1) tiveram os pontos W estimados em 56,64, 56,19 e 56,33% de TC. A torta de castanha-do-pará, em níveis superiores a 56% da MS da dieta, afeta o comportamento ingestivo dos animais, principalmente em variáveis relacionadas à ruminação, sendo que a partir de 30,67% já passa a afetar o consumo de FDN, tendo como principais fatores o teor de extrato etéreo e a fonte de fibra das dietas.UEL2016-08-30info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionExperimento de pesquisa científicaapplication/pdfhttps://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/2247410.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n4p2259Semina: Ciências Agrárias; Vol. 37 No. 4 (2016); 2259-2268Semina: Ciências Agrárias; v. 37 n. 4 (2016); 2259-22681679-03591676-546Xreponame:Semina. Ciências Agrárias (Online)instname:Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL)instacron:UELenghttps://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/22474/19466http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessRamos, Aline Fernanda OliveiraPinho, Bianca DamascenoLourenço Júnior, José de BritoSilva, André Guimarães Maciel eFaturi, CristianMartorano, Lucieta GuerreiroManno, Maria CristinaLima, Kedson Raul de SouzaSousa, Luciano Fernandes2022-12-01T11:37:51Zoai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/22474Revistahttp://www.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrariasPUBhttps://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/oaisemina.agrarias@uel.br1679-03591676-546Xopendoar:2022-12-01T11:37:51Semina. Ciências Agrárias (Online) - Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Ingestive behavior of sheep fed Brazil nut cake in the diet Comportamento ingestivo de ovinos alimentados com torta de castanha-do-pará na dieta |
title |
Ingestive behavior of sheep fed Brazil nut cake in the diet |
spellingShingle |
Ingestive behavior of sheep fed Brazil nut cake in the diet Ramos, Aline Fernanda Oliveira Chewing Co-products Feeding Idling period Rumination. Alimentação Castanha-do-pará Coprodutos Ócio Ruminação. |
title_short |
Ingestive behavior of sheep fed Brazil nut cake in the diet |
title_full |
Ingestive behavior of sheep fed Brazil nut cake in the diet |
title_fullStr |
Ingestive behavior of sheep fed Brazil nut cake in the diet |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ingestive behavior of sheep fed Brazil nut cake in the diet |
title_sort |
Ingestive behavior of sheep fed Brazil nut cake in the diet |
author |
Ramos, Aline Fernanda Oliveira |
author_facet |
Ramos, Aline Fernanda Oliveira Pinho, Bianca Damasceno Lourenço Júnior, José de Brito Silva, André Guimarães Maciel e Faturi, Cristian Martorano, Lucieta Guerreiro Manno, Maria Cristina Lima, Kedson Raul de Souza Sousa, Luciano Fernandes |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Pinho, Bianca Damasceno Lourenço Júnior, José de Brito Silva, André Guimarães Maciel e Faturi, Cristian Martorano, Lucieta Guerreiro Manno, Maria Cristina Lima, Kedson Raul de Souza Sousa, Luciano Fernandes |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Ramos, Aline Fernanda Oliveira Pinho, Bianca Damasceno Lourenço Júnior, José de Brito Silva, André Guimarães Maciel e Faturi, Cristian Martorano, Lucieta Guerreiro Manno, Maria Cristina Lima, Kedson Raul de Souza Sousa, Luciano Fernandes |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Chewing Co-products Feeding Idling period Rumination. Alimentação Castanha-do-pará Coprodutos Ócio Ruminação. |
topic |
Chewing Co-products Feeding Idling period Rumination. Alimentação Castanha-do-pará Coprodutos Ócio Ruminação. |
description |
This study evaluated the ingestive behavior of sheep when fed a corn-silage-based diet with varying levels (0%, 15%, 30%, and 60%) of Brazil nut cake (NC) (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.). Sixteen mongrel sheep with an average weight of 33 ± 6.04 kg were randomly distributed between four treatments. Data were tested for assumptions of normality, subjected to an analysis of variance, and adjusted in regression equations and by Williams’ test, to estimate the W point. The voluntary intake of dry matter (DM) and insoluble neutral detergent fiber (NDF) decreased linearly (P = 0.013 and P = 0.002) by 5.0 g and 2.41 g d-1, respectively, for every 1% of NC added to the diet. The time the animals spent feeding (288.75 min d-1) was not significantly affected; time spent idle increased linearly (P= 0.0002) by 3.10 min, and time spent during rumination decreased linearly by 2.62 min (P = 0.001) for each 1% addition of the co-product. The number of ruminated boluses (NRB) displayed a decreasing effect (P = 0.004) of 4.61 d-1 for each 1% of NC. For ruminating chews, the time spent per bolus (37.5 sec) and the number per bolus (56.14) did not differ (P > 0.05) between treatments. However, the total chewing time (TCT) decreased linearly (P = 0.002) by 0.05 h d-1 and the number of chews per day displayed a quadratic effect (P = 0.008), with a maximum value estimated at 17.5% of NC in the diet. Rumination efficiency did not differ between the treatments (101.95 g DM h-1 and 36.76 g NDF h-1). The feeding efficiency (FE) had a linear reduction (P = 0.045) of 0.42 g NDF h-1, but was similar for g DM h-1 (172.5). The daily intake of DM and NDF showed W points estimated at 51.96% and 30.67% NC, respectively. The variables NRB, TCT, and FE (g NDF h-1) had W points estimated at 56.64%, 56.19%, and 56.33% NC, respectively. The Brazil nut cake, when present at levels greater than 56% of the diet’s DM, affects the ingestive behavior of the animals, particularly rumination-related variables, and at levels of 30.67%, it begins to affect the consumption of NDF, primarily due to the ether extract content and the diet’s fiber source. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2016-08-30 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Experimento de pesquisa científica |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/22474 10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n4p2259 |
url |
https://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/22474 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n4p2259 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/22474/19466 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
UEL |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
UEL |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Semina: Ciências Agrárias; Vol. 37 No. 4 (2016); 2259-2268 Semina: Ciências Agrárias; v. 37 n. 4 (2016); 2259-2268 1679-0359 1676-546X reponame:Semina. Ciências Agrárias (Online) instname:Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) instacron:UEL |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) |
instacron_str |
UEL |
institution |
UEL |
reponame_str |
Semina. Ciências Agrárias (Online) |
collection |
Semina. Ciências Agrárias (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Semina. Ciências Agrárias (Online) - Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
semina.agrarias@uel.br |
_version_ |
1799306074452393984 |