First report of contamination of public water system by Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in Bahia, northeastern Brazil
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2024 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Semina. Ciências Agrárias (Online) |
Texto Completo: | https://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/48178 |
Resumo: | Waterborne diseases such as cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis are among the leading public health problems worldwide because these protozoa are more resistant to water disinfection methods. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. and cysts of Giardia spp. in samples of raw and treated water. During one year, 24 raw and treated water samples were collected from the public water supply system in Canavieiras, Bahia, Brazil. Cysts and oocysts were concentrated using membrane filtration and visualized through Direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA). DNA isolated with a commercial kit was subjected to nested PCR (nPCR). The DFA obtained a better result than the nPCR in detecting both protozoa. By DFA, Cryptosporidium spp. was present in 25% (6/24) of the raw water and 4.2% (1/24) of the treated water samples. Giardia spp. was detected in 41.6% (10/24) of the raw water and 16.6% (4/24) of the treated water samples. In nPCR, Giardia spp. was detected in treated and raw water at 16.6% (4/24) and 16.6% (4/24), respectively. Cryptosporidium spp. was detected in raw water at 8.3% (2/24). The DFA and nPCR results differed despite the molecular analysis having greater sensitivity. Many inhibitors in the samples may have influenced the result. The physicochemical parameters pH and turbidity were not under the standards established by the legislation. In raw water, microbiological parameters were above the required legal standard. Precipitation and pH correlated with Cryptosporidium nPCR results in raw water. The presence of these protozoa in the water samples constitutes a potential risk for transmitting diarrheal diseases to this municipality's human and animal populations. |
id |
UEL-11_8d55eaf1ae3bc8a91ca162e0e53d70d5 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/48178 |
network_acronym_str |
UEL-11 |
network_name_str |
Semina. Ciências Agrárias (Online) |
repository_id_str |
|
spelling |
First report of contamination of public water system by Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in Bahia, northeastern Brazil Primeiro relato de contaminação de sistema público de água por Giardia duodenalis e Cryptosporidium spp. na Bahia, nordeste do BrasilContaminated waterWater potabilityProtozoaPublic HealthWatersheds.Água contaminadaPotabilidadeProtozoáriosSaúde públicaBacias hidrográficas. Waterborne diseases such as cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis are among the leading public health problems worldwide because these protozoa are more resistant to water disinfection methods. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. and cysts of Giardia spp. in samples of raw and treated water. During one year, 24 raw and treated water samples were collected from the public water supply system in Canavieiras, Bahia, Brazil. Cysts and oocysts were concentrated using membrane filtration and visualized through Direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA). DNA isolated with a commercial kit was subjected to nested PCR (nPCR). The DFA obtained a better result than the nPCR in detecting both protozoa. By DFA, Cryptosporidium spp. was present in 25% (6/24) of the raw water and 4.2% (1/24) of the treated water samples. Giardia spp. was detected in 41.6% (10/24) of the raw water and 16.6% (4/24) of the treated water samples. In nPCR, Giardia spp. was detected in treated and raw water at 16.6% (4/24) and 16.6% (4/24), respectively. Cryptosporidium spp. was detected in raw water at 8.3% (2/24). The DFA and nPCR results differed despite the molecular analysis having greater sensitivity. Many inhibitors in the samples may have influenced the result. The physicochemical parameters pH and turbidity were not under the standards established by the legislation. In raw water, microbiological parameters were above the required legal standard. Precipitation and pH correlated with Cryptosporidium nPCR results in raw water. The presence of these protozoa in the water samples constitutes a potential risk for transmitting diarrheal diseases to this municipality's human and animal populations.As doenças de veiculação hídrica como a Criptosporidiose e a Giardiase estão entre os principais problemas de saúde pública em todo mundo em razão de que estes protozoários são mais resistentes aos métodos de desinfecção da água. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a presença de oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp. e cistos de Giardia spp. em amostras de água bruta e tratada. Durante um ano, foram coletadas 24 amostras de água bruta e água tratada da rede pública de abastecimento do município de Canavieiras, Bahia, Brasil. Os cistos e oocistos foram concentrados pela técnica de filtração por membrana. Ensaio de imunofluorescência direta (DFA) foi realizado para visualizar cistos e oocistos. A extração do DNA foi realizada com kit comercial, e o DNA extraído foi submetido à nested-PCR (nPCR). O DFA obteve resultado superior que o nPCR na detecção de ambos os protozoários. Por DFA, Cryptosporidium spp. estava presente em 25% (6/24) das amostras de água bruta e 4,2% (1/24) das amostras de água tratada. Giardia spp. foi detectado em 41,6% (10/24) das amostras de água bruta e 16,6% (4/24) das amostras de água tratada. Na nPCR Giardia spp. foi detectado em água tratada e bruta 16,6% (4/24) e 16,6% (4/24) respectivamente, e, Cryptosporidium spp. somente foi detectado em água bruta com 8,3% (2/24). Os resultados do DFA e da nPCR não foram similares, apesar da análise molecular apresentar maior sensibilidade, muitos inibidores presentes nas amostras possam ter influenciado o resultado. Os parâmetros físico-químicos pH e turbidez não estavam de acordo com os padrões estabelecidos pela legislação. Na água bruta, os parâmetros microbiológicos ficaram acima do padrão legal exigido. A presença de Cryptosporidium na água bruta foi relacionada com a precipitação e o pH. A presença desses protozoários nas amostras de água constitui um risco potencial de transmissão de doenças diarreicas à população humana e animal deste município.UEL2024-02-16info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/4817810.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p111Semina: Ciências Agrárias; Vol. 45 No. 1 (2024); 111-130Semina: Ciências Agrárias; v. 45 n. 1 (2024); 111-1301679-03591676-546Xreponame:Semina. Ciências Agrárias (Online)instname:Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL)instacron:UELenghttps://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/48178/50034Copyright (c) 2024 Semina: Ciências Agráriashttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessOliveira, Maria Aparecida Mateus Vieira Gomes deRocha, Josiane MoreiraSilva, Aristeu Vieira daHarvey, Tatiani VitorFerraz Fehlberg, HllytchaikraAlbuquerque, George Rego2024-02-19T16:39:29Zoai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/48178Revistahttp://www.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrariasPUBhttps://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/oaisemina.agrarias@uel.br1679-03591676-546Xopendoar:2024-02-19T16:39:29Semina. Ciências Agrárias (Online) - Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
First report of contamination of public water system by Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in Bahia, northeastern Brazil Primeiro relato de contaminação de sistema público de água por Giardia duodenalis e Cryptosporidium spp. na Bahia, nordeste do Brasil |
title |
First report of contamination of public water system by Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in Bahia, northeastern Brazil |
spellingShingle |
First report of contamination of public water system by Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in Bahia, northeastern Brazil Oliveira, Maria Aparecida Mateus Vieira Gomes de Contaminated water Water potability Protozoa Public Health Watersheds. Água contaminada Potabilidade Protozoários Saúde pública Bacias hidrográficas. |
title_short |
First report of contamination of public water system by Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in Bahia, northeastern Brazil |
title_full |
First report of contamination of public water system by Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in Bahia, northeastern Brazil |
title_fullStr |
First report of contamination of public water system by Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in Bahia, northeastern Brazil |
title_full_unstemmed |
First report of contamination of public water system by Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in Bahia, northeastern Brazil |
title_sort |
First report of contamination of public water system by Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in Bahia, northeastern Brazil |
author |
Oliveira, Maria Aparecida Mateus Vieira Gomes de |
author_facet |
Oliveira, Maria Aparecida Mateus Vieira Gomes de Rocha, Josiane Moreira Silva, Aristeu Vieira da Harvey, Tatiani Vitor Ferraz Fehlberg, Hllytchaikra Albuquerque, George Rego |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Rocha, Josiane Moreira Silva, Aristeu Vieira da Harvey, Tatiani Vitor Ferraz Fehlberg, Hllytchaikra Albuquerque, George Rego |
author2_role |
author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Oliveira, Maria Aparecida Mateus Vieira Gomes de Rocha, Josiane Moreira Silva, Aristeu Vieira da Harvey, Tatiani Vitor Ferraz Fehlberg, Hllytchaikra Albuquerque, George Rego |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Contaminated water Water potability Protozoa Public Health Watersheds. Água contaminada Potabilidade Protozoários Saúde pública Bacias hidrográficas. |
topic |
Contaminated water Water potability Protozoa Public Health Watersheds. Água contaminada Potabilidade Protozoários Saúde pública Bacias hidrográficas. |
description |
Waterborne diseases such as cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis are among the leading public health problems worldwide because these protozoa are more resistant to water disinfection methods. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. and cysts of Giardia spp. in samples of raw and treated water. During one year, 24 raw and treated water samples were collected from the public water supply system in Canavieiras, Bahia, Brazil. Cysts and oocysts were concentrated using membrane filtration and visualized through Direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA). DNA isolated with a commercial kit was subjected to nested PCR (nPCR). The DFA obtained a better result than the nPCR in detecting both protozoa. By DFA, Cryptosporidium spp. was present in 25% (6/24) of the raw water and 4.2% (1/24) of the treated water samples. Giardia spp. was detected in 41.6% (10/24) of the raw water and 16.6% (4/24) of the treated water samples. In nPCR, Giardia spp. was detected in treated and raw water at 16.6% (4/24) and 16.6% (4/24), respectively. Cryptosporidium spp. was detected in raw water at 8.3% (2/24). The DFA and nPCR results differed despite the molecular analysis having greater sensitivity. Many inhibitors in the samples may have influenced the result. The physicochemical parameters pH and turbidity were not under the standards established by the legislation. In raw water, microbiological parameters were above the required legal standard. Precipitation and pH correlated with Cryptosporidium nPCR results in raw water. The presence of these protozoa in the water samples constitutes a potential risk for transmitting diarrheal diseases to this municipality's human and animal populations. |
publishDate |
2024 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-02-16 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/48178 10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p111 |
url |
https://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/48178 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p111 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/48178/50034 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2024 Semina: Ciências Agrárias http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2024 Semina: Ciências Agrárias http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
UEL |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
UEL |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Semina: Ciências Agrárias; Vol. 45 No. 1 (2024); 111-130 Semina: Ciências Agrárias; v. 45 n. 1 (2024); 111-130 1679-0359 1676-546X reponame:Semina. Ciências Agrárias (Online) instname:Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) instacron:UEL |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) |
instacron_str |
UEL |
institution |
UEL |
reponame_str |
Semina. Ciências Agrárias (Online) |
collection |
Semina. Ciências Agrárias (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Semina. Ciências Agrárias (Online) - Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
semina.agrarias@uel.br |
_version_ |
1799306087169523712 |