Comunidades ribeirinhas e suas representações sociais de ambiente sob impactos de represas das bacias do rio Paraná e rio Cuiabá/MT.

• Autor(a) principal: Reis, Sebastiana Lindaura de Arruda
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/4989
• topic: Etnoecologia; Representações sociais; Comunidades ribeirinhas; Represas e usos dos recursos naturais; Ecologia humana; Impactos ambientais; Paraná, Rio, Bacia; Cuiabá, Rio, Bacia; Mato Grosso (Estado); Brasil.; Ethnoecology; Social representation; Community held; Dams, Uses of natural resources; Brazil.; Ciências Biológicas; Ecologia

This study focuses on the ethnoecology of two coastal population as for the use and knowledge of the natural resources and their social environment representation under impacts of dams. There were studied 23 communities which are located by the margins of Paraná and Cuiabá/MT rivers. The coastal communities, located in these rivers basin face cultural, economical and environmental problems which are associated to the external and internal pressures, as deforestation, pollution, disordered tourisms and dams that contribute to modify the communities life and, consequently, cause the loss of the local knowledge associated to the previous economical practices. The study aims to secure the general understanding between the coastal communities with the ecosystem and understand how these social groups see the changes that occur in the region and analyse the social representation of the communities about the environment under impact of dams. In the methodology was used based techniques such as observation, withdrawals bibliographic regions studied and historic construction of dams and their impacts; individual interviews at the residence of the fishermen with questions open and closed. In the first step analysis for the activities of uses of aquatic resources was used the program SPSS datamicrosoftonenote12.0 (Statical Package for the Social Sciences) and in the second part, was used the software Review Lexicale par Context an Ensemble of Segments of Text (ALCESTE) that, through the lexical analysis, interpretation of qualitative data collected. As a result, both coastal communities of Paraná and Cuiabá/MT, have a profound knowledge ethnoecological, related to its activities, exploring both the aquatic terrestrial resources. The 23 coastal communities studied of the Paraná and Cuiabá river River, distribute their agricultural activities according to the schemes of rainfall, the nature of the ground, of the products cultivated and calendar. Agricultural activities are alternate with fishing. Fishing is an important activity for coastal communities, after the piracema period or closure is practised daily in all communities studied. Predatory fishing occur more frequently in the region of Cuiabá than Paraná. The traditional population studied, build and act on the natural environment through representations, symbols, and myths. Also these representations, mental and empirical knowledge accumulated, develop their traditional systems of management. Symbolic representations that Paraná and Cuiabá River communities make various habitats in which they live, also depends on a better control of their environmental possession. The coastal habitat or place is represented as a holy area of harmony and exchanges of energy, is the quest for peace and calm. Habitat is physical medium, but also is full of symbols and meanings highlighting their ethnic, cultural identities and styles. Thus, the coastal have a familiar behaviour with the different habitats that comprise the gallery forest, they get into the forest to withdraw the needed resources; have their own understanding of reproductive and ecological behaviour, migratory and fish feeding. Altogether understand the functioning of the seasonal which list the various fishing techniques and higher productivity. Social change has been a constant throughout history communities. Complain about the same time in which everything was easier, it was time for success. Changes that occurred in coastal regions were regular and natural as flooding, Fall River of the sea area and other climatic factors. However, bordering the view that the construction of dams (Primavera/ PR and Manso/MT) and pollution are the main environmental impacts that coastal have lived in these last ten years. As regards the representation of coastal environmental impact of dams in the primavera of the Paraná River and dam of Cuiabá River, the programme in Alceste identified 105 u. c. is, the so-called units context initial that correspond to the number of the two groups of fishermen and interviewed 1302 UCEs units context elementary (fundamental and essential). These units 8,993 were analysed and distributed in nine classes, which resulted in an exploit 76 1.27% of material submitted to the processing, the interviews. The classes have been distributed in a dendograma the similarities between them. The classes were analysed and c.190 from its contents.