Análise de regras de montagem em diferentes configurações de uma metacomunidade.

• Autor(a) principal: Message, Hugo José
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/4958
• topic: Metacomunidades; Configuração de mosaico; Comunidades, Dinâmica de; Ciclo hidrológico; Barragens; Construção; Impacto ambiental; Traços funcionais; Mosaico; Perturbação; Brasil.; Functional traits; Dynamic communities; Mosaic; Disturbance; Brazil.; Ciências Biológicas; Ecologia

The metacommunities assembly rules depend on the dispersion pathways in landscape. Our aim was to analyze assembly rule patterns in different metacommunities configurations defined by the dispersion possibility. We choose an extensive (25 years) dataset from a tropical floodplain fish metacommunity as a model to tested the hypothesis that assembly rules are different in this three configuration: in dry season (low dispersion) and anthropogenic (dams) assembly rules are determined by traits convergent patterns, meanwhile in flood season traits divergent patterns rules. Moreover, we measured the most influential traits in the process for each configuration. For this, we correlated three matrices: B - functional fuzzy weighting traits; W - local composition (binary data) and; E- environmental gradient (axis1 PCoA). In addition, we analyzed Spearman correlation between Functional Redundancy and species diversity (rFRxSD), Functional Diversity (DF) (Rao entropy) and determined the most influential functional traits (randomizations among B lines to find the maximum correlation with the patterns). We found no patterns in dry and anthropogenic configurations, yet both convergence and divergence patterns in flood. rRFxSIMP decreased temporarily in all configurations. DF decrease along the time especially in rivers (dispersion pathways). The most influential traits were sedentary, parent care and annual spawning in lakes; migratory, no parental care and Benthopelagic in rivers. Our results partially confirmed our hypothesis and suggested that metacomunidades are organized differently according to its configuration. In full the existing dispersal routes directing a pattern of the assembly because interactions between species are weaker, but the pattern disappears in drought and in anthropogenic disturbances due to the opposing forces structuring. In addition, it detected cumulative effect of anthropogenic impacts on the stability of communities and the weakening of dispersal routes, rivers, over time, in addition to confirming the different functions of landscape elements in metacomunidades. We therefore conclude that the dispersal routes organize the assembly of the meta community and that their absence randomizes this process keeping the individualized landscape environments. And recommended that time series are to be analyzed and that the taxonomic and functional diversity need to be evaluated when communities are studied in dynamic landscapes.