A primazia da vontade sobre a razão em schopenhauer

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Pereira, Fernando Vinícius Mendes
Data de Publicação: 2017
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM)
Texto Completo: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/2761
Resumo: The purpose of our dissertation is to show in Schopenhauer's philosophy that there is a predominance of Will over intellectual activities, and that in this way we see Reason staying in the background, being one of the contingent means of survival of the species. Thus, we chose to work, mainly, with three pieces of work by Schopenhauer. We will begin our investigation with an analysis of the text "Critique of Kantian philosophy" of 1819, such text is an appendix of the first book of The world as Will and Representation; Then we will have as main source the Second Book of "The world as Will and Representation", also of 1819; And finally, we will work with the text entitled On Will in Nature, of 1836. With the "Critique of Kantian philosophy", we will show that Schopenhauer accepts in Kant's philosophy the separation between the phenomenon and the thing itself, thus establishing a limit for knowledge. On the other hand, the Critique demonstrates all the fragility of the Kantian Reason, making a metaphysics in the most traditional sense impossible. Therefore, Schopenhauer proposes, then, the search for a metaphysics also on the ground of experience, on the ground of empirical intuition, through a certain point, already mentioned previously. This one point, as we shall see, is the body itself. The body here assumes the role of mediator, it is the form that we can connect the knowledge of the external experience with the knowledge of the inner experience. It is through the body that Schopenhauer will announce the Will as a metaphysical essence. The analysis of the concept of Will is then our next step: where we show that it is the metaphysical foundation of all beings, being Una, free and irrational. And their irrationality, or blindness, creates the conflict that is present in all phenomena and is the condition of their existence. The condition of the existence of all phenomena is thus, the theme of our last chapter, where we will show how Reason is to Schopenhauer a mere brain activity: he separates, in a radical way, Will and Reason, putting Will as the vital principle of all beings and Reason as mere brain function. In this way, Schopenhauer puts the Reason as a physiological activity, being the mere will to know objectified. Therefore, we can say that the Schopenhaurian system places all beings under the same roof: the roof of the primacy of Will.
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spelling A primazia da vontade sobre a razão em schopenhauerFilosofia alemãFilosofia contemporâneaVontade (Filosofia)Razão (Filosofia)Razão puraMundoRepresentaçãoFilosofiaPrimaziaSchopenhauer, ArthurMetafísicaBrasil.PrimacyWillReasonSchopenhauer, ArthurWorldRepresentationBrazil.Ciências HumanasFilosofiaThe purpose of our dissertation is to show in Schopenhauer's philosophy that there is a predominance of Will over intellectual activities, and that in this way we see Reason staying in the background, being one of the contingent means of survival of the species. Thus, we chose to work, mainly, with three pieces of work by Schopenhauer. We will begin our investigation with an analysis of the text "Critique of Kantian philosophy" of 1819, such text is an appendix of the first book of The world as Will and Representation; Then we will have as main source the Second Book of "The world as Will and Representation", also of 1819; And finally, we will work with the text entitled On Will in Nature, of 1836. With the "Critique of Kantian philosophy", we will show that Schopenhauer accepts in Kant's philosophy the separation between the phenomenon and the thing itself, thus establishing a limit for knowledge. On the other hand, the Critique demonstrates all the fragility of the Kantian Reason, making a metaphysics in the most traditional sense impossible. Therefore, Schopenhauer proposes, then, the search for a metaphysics also on the ground of experience, on the ground of empirical intuition, through a certain point, already mentioned previously. This one point, as we shall see, is the body itself. The body here assumes the role of mediator, it is the form that we can connect the knowledge of the external experience with the knowledge of the inner experience. It is through the body that Schopenhauer will announce the Will as a metaphysical essence. The analysis of the concept of Will is then our next step: where we show that it is the metaphysical foundation of all beings, being Una, free and irrational. And their irrationality, or blindness, creates the conflict that is present in all phenomena and is the condition of their existence. The condition of the existence of all phenomena is thus, the theme of our last chapter, where we will show how Reason is to Schopenhauer a mere brain activity: he separates, in a radical way, Will and Reason, putting Will as the vital principle of all beings and Reason as mere brain function. In this way, Schopenhauer puts the Reason as a physiological activity, being the mere will to know objectified. Therefore, we can say that the Schopenhaurian system places all beings under the same roof: the roof of the primacy of Will.O objetivo de nossa dissertação é o de mostrar na filosofia de Schopenhauer que existe o predomínio da Vontade sobre as atividades intelectuais, e que, desse modo, vemos a Razão ficando em um segundo plano, sendo um dos meios contingentes de sobrevivência da espécie. Escolhemos trabalhar, assim, principalmente, com três obras da Schopenhauer. Iniciaremos nossa investigação com uma análise do texto Crítica da filosofia Kantiana de 1819, tal texto é um apêndice do primeiro livro de O mundo como vontade e representação; em seguida, teremos como principal fonte o Segundo Livro de O mundo como Vontade e Representação , também de 1819; e por fim, trabalharemos com o texto intitulado de Sobre a Vontade na Natureza, de 1836. Com a Crítica da filosofia Kantiana , mostraremos que Schopenhauer aceita na filosofia de Kant a separação entre o fenômeno e a coisa em si estabelecendo assim um limite para o conhecimento. Por outro lado, a Crítica demonstra toda a fragilidade da Razão kantiana, tornando uma metafísica no sentido mais tradicional impossível. Por conseguinte, Schopenhauer propõe, então, a busca de uma metafísica também no solo da experiência, no solo da intuição empírica, através de um ponto certo, já mencionado anteriormente. Esse ponto certo, como veremos, é o próprio corpo. O corpo assume aqui o papel de mediador, ele é a forma que podemos conectar o conhecimento da experiência externa com o conhecimento da experiência interna. É então por essa via do corpo que Schopenhauer anunciará a Vontade como essência metafísica. A análise do conceito de Vontade é então nosso próximo passo: onde mostramos que ela é o fundamento metafísico de todos os seres, sendo Una, livre e irracional. E sua irracionalidade, ou cegueira, gera o conflito que está presente em todos os fenômenos e é a condição da existência deles. A condição da existência de todos os fenômenos é dessa maneira o tema de nosso último capítulo, onde mostraremos como a Razão é para Schopenhauer uma mera atividade cerebral: ele separa dessa forma radical o querer e a razão. Colocando o querer como o princípio vital de todos os seres e a Razão como mera função cerebral. Dessa maneira, Schopenhauer coloca a Razão como uma atividade fisiológica, sendo a mera vontade de conhecer objetivada. E, desse modo, podemos dizer que o sistema schopenhauriano coloca todos os seres debaixo do mesmo teto: a cobertura da primazia da Vontade.106 fUniversidade Estadual de MaringáBrasilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em FilosofiaUEMMaringá, PRCentro de Ciências Humanas, Letras e ArtesWilson Antonio Frezzatti JúniorEduardo Ribeiro da Fonseca - PUC/PRPaulo Ricardo Martines - PGF/UEMPereira, Fernando Vinícius Mendes2018-04-12T17:31:27Z2018-04-12T17:31:27Z2017info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesishttp://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/2761porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM)instname:Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)instacron:UEM2018-04-12T17:31:27Zoai:localhost:1/2761Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.uem.br:8080/oai/requestopendoar:2024-04-23T14:55:49.550023Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) - Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv A primazia da vontade sobre a razão em schopenhauer
title A primazia da vontade sobre a razão em schopenhauer
spellingShingle A primazia da vontade sobre a razão em schopenhauer
Pereira, Fernando Vinícius Mendes
Filosofia alemã
Filosofia contemporânea
Vontade (Filosofia)
Razão (Filosofia)
Razão pura
Mundo
Representação
Filosofia
Primazia
Schopenhauer, Arthur
Metafísica
Brasil.
Primacy
Will
Reason
Schopenhauer, Arthur
World
Representation
Brazil.
Ciências Humanas
Filosofia
title_short A primazia da vontade sobre a razão em schopenhauer
title_full A primazia da vontade sobre a razão em schopenhauer
title_fullStr A primazia da vontade sobre a razão em schopenhauer
title_full_unstemmed A primazia da vontade sobre a razão em schopenhauer
title_sort A primazia da vontade sobre a razão em schopenhauer
author Pereira, Fernando Vinícius Mendes
author_facet Pereira, Fernando Vinícius Mendes
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Wilson Antonio Frezzatti Júnior
Eduardo Ribeiro da Fonseca - PUC/PR
Paulo Ricardo Martines - PGF/UEM
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Pereira, Fernando Vinícius Mendes
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Filosofia alemã
Filosofia contemporânea
Vontade (Filosofia)
Razão (Filosofia)
Razão pura
Mundo
Representação
Filosofia
Primazia
Schopenhauer, Arthur
Metafísica
Brasil.
Primacy
Will
Reason
Schopenhauer, Arthur
World
Representation
Brazil.
Ciências Humanas
Filosofia
topic Filosofia alemã
Filosofia contemporânea
Vontade (Filosofia)
Razão (Filosofia)
Razão pura
Mundo
Representação
Filosofia
Primazia
Schopenhauer, Arthur
Metafísica
Brasil.
Primacy
Will
Reason
Schopenhauer, Arthur
World
Representation
Brazil.
Ciências Humanas
Filosofia
description The purpose of our dissertation is to show in Schopenhauer's philosophy that there is a predominance of Will over intellectual activities, and that in this way we see Reason staying in the background, being one of the contingent means of survival of the species. Thus, we chose to work, mainly, with three pieces of work by Schopenhauer. We will begin our investigation with an analysis of the text "Critique of Kantian philosophy" of 1819, such text is an appendix of the first book of The world as Will and Representation; Then we will have as main source the Second Book of "The world as Will and Representation", also of 1819; And finally, we will work with the text entitled On Will in Nature, of 1836. With the "Critique of Kantian philosophy", we will show that Schopenhauer accepts in Kant's philosophy the separation between the phenomenon and the thing itself, thus establishing a limit for knowledge. On the other hand, the Critique demonstrates all the fragility of the Kantian Reason, making a metaphysics in the most traditional sense impossible. Therefore, Schopenhauer proposes, then, the search for a metaphysics also on the ground of experience, on the ground of empirical intuition, through a certain point, already mentioned previously. This one point, as we shall see, is the body itself. The body here assumes the role of mediator, it is the form that we can connect the knowledge of the external experience with the knowledge of the inner experience. It is through the body that Schopenhauer will announce the Will as a metaphysical essence. The analysis of the concept of Will is then our next step: where we show that it is the metaphysical foundation of all beings, being Una, free and irrational. And their irrationality, or blindness, creates the conflict that is present in all phenomena and is the condition of their existence. The condition of the existence of all phenomena is thus, the theme of our last chapter, where we will show how Reason is to Schopenhauer a mere brain activity: he separates, in a radical way, Will and Reason, putting Will as the vital principle of all beings and Reason as mere brain function. In this way, Schopenhauer puts the Reason as a physiological activity, being the mere will to know objectified. Therefore, we can say that the Schopenhaurian system places all beings under the same roof: the roof of the primacy of Will.
publishDate 2017
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2017
2018-04-12T17:31:27Z
2018-04-12T17:31:27Z
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Estadual de Maringá
Brasil
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia
UEM
Maringá, PR
Centro de Ciências Humanas, Letras e Artes
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Estadual de Maringá
Brasil
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia
UEM
Maringá, PR
Centro de Ciências Humanas, Letras e Artes
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM)
instname:Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)
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instname_str Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)
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institution UEM
reponame_str Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM)
collection Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) - Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)
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