Interação genótipos por ambientes em linhagens de soja resistentes a insetos e tolerantes ao glifosato na região centro-sul do Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: Motomiya, Wagner Rogério
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1340
• topic: Soja GM; Soja; Estratificação ambiental; Adaptabilidade; Estabilidade; Brasil.; Soybean; GMO; Environmental stratification; Adaptability and stability; Brazil.; Ciências Agrárias; Agronomia

New soybean varieties have always been released in the market of agricultural commodities. However, before being registered in the National Cultivar Register Council (RNC), they need to have different trait responses in comparison with the usual cultivars. Searching for more productive genotypes with stability, adaptability, resistance or tolerance to biotic and abiotic components in their respective growing environment has been the main objective of soybean breeding programs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability and adaptability of genetically modified insects-resistant and glyphosate-tolerant soybean genotypes as well as to test three multivariate methods of environmental stratification to identify homogeneous regions in the Paraná and Mato Grosso do Sul States. In the first chapter, 19 genotypes were clustered in two groups of relative maturity: high early (RM from 5.0 to 5.9) and early (RM from 6.0 to 6.7) RM during the two growing seasons of 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 when seven representative Counties usually cultivated with soybean were investigated. Both groups were evaluated using the alternative approach based on the supplementary genotype in the AMMI analysis (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction Analysis). Thereafter, these results were compared with those from the methods of Eberhart and Russell (1966), Cruz et al. (1989) and Huenh (1990a). The insects-resistant and glyphosate-tolerant genotypes had satisfactory levels of crop yield and stability. The LS3, LS4 and LS7 cultivars were highlighted among the high early lines. Early lines as the LP3 and LP7 had also greater stability and can be recommended to all these evaluated environments. Evidence of similarity in the stability parameters estimated by the methods of Eberhart and Russell (1966) and Cruz et al. (1989) was found. In the second chapter, the grain yield from 14 sites in the soybean macro-region 2 (MRS 2) was analyzed, during the growing seasons 2010/2011, 2011/ 2012 and 2012/2013. Nine genotypes were tested, using the Murakami and Cruz method, SREG GGE biplot model, and Fox and Rosielle method. Based on the GGE SREG biplot model, the best environments for selecting genotypes were Goioerê and Campo Mourão Counties in the 201 region; the Naviraí County in the 202 region, and Sidrolândia and Maracaju Counties in the 204 region. SREG GGE biplot model gathered fewer clusters among the tested methods because the subdivisions and the new clusters of environments were different from those from the previous model. Based on these three methods, the Cascavel County was found to be a distinct environment in the regionalization proposed by Kaster and Farias (2012).