Características da pele de Pseudoplatystoma sp submetida ao processo de curtimento : morfologia, resistência físico-mecânica e química
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2011 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1693 |
Resumo: | The objective of this study was to evaluate the general characteristics of the skin and leather of Pseudoplatystoma sp through histological analysis, physico-chemical and mechanical. There were used skins of Pseudoplatystoma sp, from Piscicultura Mar e Terra, in Itaporã-MS. In experiment I was made the characterization of skins of Pseuplatystoma sp by morphology, chemical composition, hydroxyproline and resistance testing after tanning process. It was observed the epidermis, dermis and hypodermis. There was found that the skin has, 60.98% of moisture, 33.49% of crude protein, 1.67% of ether extract, 0.21% of ash and 2.72% of hydroxyproline. The leathers have high resistance to traction (27.47 N/mm2), progressive tearing (90.66 N/mm) and elasticity (69.10%). In experiment II, the objective was to evaluate the resistance of leathers of surubim submitted to change steps in the process of tanning, for different times of action of liming, levels of enzymes used in the purge step, tanning with and without chromium salts, different levels of oils used in the grease step and different tanning techniques. The leathers submitted to liming for 1 hour had a higher (78.89 N/mm) resistance to progressive tearing and maximum force (73.50 N) and there was no significant difference in traction and elongation. For purge, the leathers that were submitted to 0.7% for 40 minutes had a higher (43.80 N/mm2) resistance to traction and elasticity (78.06%), and no difference to progressive tearing (96.86 N/mm) was found. For the leathers tanned with and without chromium salts, the leathers with chromium salts showed higher resistance to traction (20.93 N/mm2), elasticity (52.40%) and progressive tearing (69, 97 N/mm), although they are not diferent from leathers without chromium. In the test with levels of oils, leathers not showed significant difference to traction, elongation and progressive tearing with the levels used. In the test of different techniques, leathers of the treatment three used higher force (225.81 N) and showed higher elasticity (71.81%). The leathers of treatment one showed higher (118.59 N/mm) resistance to progressive tearing. In experiment III, the objective was to evaluate the effect of different levels of oils used in the grease step, on the physico-mechanical and chemical properties of the surubim's leathers. Skins were submitted to tanning process and then it was added to each treatment 8%, 10%, 12%, 14% and 16% of oils. The levels of oils did not affect the thickness (0.98 to 0.66 mm) and resistance of leather to traction (17.72 to 29.15 N/mm2) and elongation (64.63% to 84.13%), maximum force applied in this test (142.70 to 217.53 N) and maximum force in progressive tearing (58.10 to 72.80 N). |
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Características da pele de Pseudoplatystoma sp submetida ao processo de curtimento : morfologia, resistência físico-mecânica e químicaSurubimPseudoplatystomaHistologiaResistência do couroMorfologiaBrasil.SurubimPseudoplatystomaHistologyLeather resistanceMorphologyBrazil.Ciências AgráriasZootecniaThe objective of this study was to evaluate the general characteristics of the skin and leather of Pseudoplatystoma sp through histological analysis, physico-chemical and mechanical. There were used skins of Pseudoplatystoma sp, from Piscicultura Mar e Terra, in Itaporã-MS. In experiment I was made the characterization of skins of Pseuplatystoma sp by morphology, chemical composition, hydroxyproline and resistance testing after tanning process. It was observed the epidermis, dermis and hypodermis. There was found that the skin has, 60.98% of moisture, 33.49% of crude protein, 1.67% of ether extract, 0.21% of ash and 2.72% of hydroxyproline. The leathers have high resistance to traction (27.47 N/mm2), progressive tearing (90.66 N/mm) and elasticity (69.10%). In experiment II, the objective was to evaluate the resistance of leathers of surubim submitted to change steps in the process of tanning, for different times of action of liming, levels of enzymes used in the purge step, tanning with and without chromium salts, different levels of oils used in the grease step and different tanning techniques. The leathers submitted to liming for 1 hour had a higher (78.89 N/mm) resistance to progressive tearing and maximum force (73.50 N) and there was no significant difference in traction and elongation. For purge, the leathers that were submitted to 0.7% for 40 minutes had a higher (43.80 N/mm2) resistance to traction and elasticity (78.06%), and no difference to progressive tearing (96.86 N/mm) was found. For the leathers tanned with and without chromium salts, the leathers with chromium salts showed higher resistance to traction (20.93 N/mm2), elasticity (52.40%) and progressive tearing (69, 97 N/mm), although they are not diferent from leathers without chromium. In the test with levels of oils, leathers not showed significant difference to traction, elongation and progressive tearing with the levels used. In the test of different techniques, leathers of the treatment three used higher force (225.81 N) and showed higher elasticity (71.81%). The leathers of treatment one showed higher (118.59 N/mm) resistance to progressive tearing. In experiment III, the objective was to evaluate the effect of different levels of oils used in the grease step, on the physico-mechanical and chemical properties of the surubim's leathers. Skins were submitted to tanning process and then it was added to each treatment 8%, 10%, 12%, 14% and 16% of oils. The levels of oils did not affect the thickness (0.98 to 0.66 mm) and resistance of leather to traction (17.72 to 29.15 N/mm2) and elongation (64.63% to 84.13%), maximum force applied in this test (142.70 to 217.53 N) and maximum force in progressive tearing (58.10 to 72.80 N).Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as características gerais da pele e do couro de Pseudoplatystoma sp, através de análise histológica, físico-química e mecânica. Foram utilizadas peles de Pseudoplatystoma sp, provenientes da Piscicultura Mar e Terra, em Itaporã-MS. No experimento I, foi realizada a caracterização das peles Pseudoplatystoma sp através da morfologia, composição química, hidroxiprolina e testes de resistência, após o curtimento da pele. Foram observadas a epiderme, derme e hipoderme. Observou-se que a pele possui 60,98% de umidade, 33,49% de proteína bruta, 1,67% de extrato etéreo, 0,21% de cinzas e 2,72% de hidroxiprolina. Os couros possuem elevada resistência à tração (27,47 N/mm2), rasgamento progressivo (90,66 N/mm) e elasticidade (69,10%). No experimento II, o objetivo foi avaliar a resistência dos couros de surubim, submetidos as alterações nas etapas do processo de curtimento, em função dos diferentes tempos de ação do caleiro, níveis de enzimas utilizadas na etapa de purga, curtimento com e sem sais de cromo, diferentes níveis de óleos utilizados na etapa de engraxe e diferentes técnicas de curtimento. Os couros submetidos ao caleiro por 1 hora apresentaram maior (78,89 N/mm) resistência ao rasgamento progressivo e força máxima (73,50 N) e não houve diferença significativa para tração e alongamento. Para purga, os couros que receberam 0,7% por 40 minutos apresentaram maior resistência à tração (43,80 N/mm2) e elasticidade (78,06%), e não houve diferença para rasgamento progressivo (96,86 N/mm). Para os couros curtidos com e sem sais de cromo, os couros com cromo apresentaram maiores valores de resistência à tração (20,93 N/mm2), elasticidade (52,40%) e rasgamento progressivo (69,97 N/mm), apesar de não ter diferido dos couros sem cromo. No ensaio com níveis de óleos, os couros não apresentaram diferença significativa para tração, alongamento e rasgamento progressivo com os níveis utilizados. No ensaio das diferentes técnicas, couros do tratamento três utilizaram maior força (225,81 N) e apresentaram maior elasticidade (71,81%). Os couros do tratamento um apresentaram maior (118,59 N/mm) resistência ao rasgamento progressivo. No experimento III, o objetivo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de óleos utilizados na etapa de engraxe, sobre as características físico-mecânicas e químicas dos couros de surubim. Peles foram submetidas ao processo de curtimento, e adicionados a cada tratamento 8%, 10%, 12%, 14% e 16% de óleos. Os níveis de óleos utilizados não influenciaram na espessura (0,98 a 0,66 mm) e na resistência do couro para tração (17,72 a 29,15 N/mm2) e alongamento (64,63% a 84,13%), força máxima aplicada neste teste (142,70 a 217,53 N) e força máxima no rasgamento progressivo (58,10 a 72,80 N).xii, 74 fUniversidade Estadual de MaringáBrasilDepartamento de ZootecniaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em ZootecniaUEMMaringá, PRCentro de Ciências AgráriasMaria Luiza Rodrigues de Souza FrancoDoroty Mesquita Dourado - UNIDERPEliane Gasparino - UEMPrado, Marcellie do2018-04-06T18:17:44Z2018-04-06T18:17:44Z2011info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesishttp://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1693porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM)instname:Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)instacron:UEM2018-10-16T17:19:59Zoai:localhost:1/1693Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.uem.br:8080/oai/requestopendoar:2024-04-23T14:54:40.896628Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) - Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Características da pele de Pseudoplatystoma sp submetida ao processo de curtimento : morfologia, resistência físico-mecânica e química |
title |
Características da pele de Pseudoplatystoma sp submetida ao processo de curtimento : morfologia, resistência físico-mecânica e química |
spellingShingle |
Características da pele de Pseudoplatystoma sp submetida ao processo de curtimento : morfologia, resistência físico-mecânica e química Prado, Marcellie do Surubim Pseudoplatystoma Histologia Resistência do couro Morfologia Brasil. Surubim Pseudoplatystoma Histology Leather resistance Morphology Brazil. Ciências Agrárias Zootecnia |
title_short |
Características da pele de Pseudoplatystoma sp submetida ao processo de curtimento : morfologia, resistência físico-mecânica e química |
title_full |
Características da pele de Pseudoplatystoma sp submetida ao processo de curtimento : morfologia, resistência físico-mecânica e química |
title_fullStr |
Características da pele de Pseudoplatystoma sp submetida ao processo de curtimento : morfologia, resistência físico-mecânica e química |
title_full_unstemmed |
Características da pele de Pseudoplatystoma sp submetida ao processo de curtimento : morfologia, resistência físico-mecânica e química |
title_sort |
Características da pele de Pseudoplatystoma sp submetida ao processo de curtimento : morfologia, resistência físico-mecânica e química |
author |
Prado, Marcellie do |
author_facet |
Prado, Marcellie do |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Maria Luiza Rodrigues de Souza Franco Doroty Mesquita Dourado - UNIDERP Eliane Gasparino - UEM |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Prado, Marcellie do |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Surubim Pseudoplatystoma Histologia Resistência do couro Morfologia Brasil. Surubim Pseudoplatystoma Histology Leather resistance Morphology Brazil. Ciências Agrárias Zootecnia |
topic |
Surubim Pseudoplatystoma Histologia Resistência do couro Morfologia Brasil. Surubim Pseudoplatystoma Histology Leather resistance Morphology Brazil. Ciências Agrárias Zootecnia |
description |
The objective of this study was to evaluate the general characteristics of the skin and leather of Pseudoplatystoma sp through histological analysis, physico-chemical and mechanical. There were used skins of Pseudoplatystoma sp, from Piscicultura Mar e Terra, in Itaporã-MS. In experiment I was made the characterization of skins of Pseuplatystoma sp by morphology, chemical composition, hydroxyproline and resistance testing after tanning process. It was observed the epidermis, dermis and hypodermis. There was found that the skin has, 60.98% of moisture, 33.49% of crude protein, 1.67% of ether extract, 0.21% of ash and 2.72% of hydroxyproline. The leathers have high resistance to traction (27.47 N/mm2), progressive tearing (90.66 N/mm) and elasticity (69.10%). In experiment II, the objective was to evaluate the resistance of leathers of surubim submitted to change steps in the process of tanning, for different times of action of liming, levels of enzymes used in the purge step, tanning with and without chromium salts, different levels of oils used in the grease step and different tanning techniques. The leathers submitted to liming for 1 hour had a higher (78.89 N/mm) resistance to progressive tearing and maximum force (73.50 N) and there was no significant difference in traction and elongation. For purge, the leathers that were submitted to 0.7% for 40 minutes had a higher (43.80 N/mm2) resistance to traction and elasticity (78.06%), and no difference to progressive tearing (96.86 N/mm) was found. For the leathers tanned with and without chromium salts, the leathers with chromium salts showed higher resistance to traction (20.93 N/mm2), elasticity (52.40%) and progressive tearing (69, 97 N/mm), although they are not diferent from leathers without chromium. In the test with levels of oils, leathers not showed significant difference to traction, elongation and progressive tearing with the levels used. In the test of different techniques, leathers of the treatment three used higher force (225.81 N) and showed higher elasticity (71.81%). The leathers of treatment one showed higher (118.59 N/mm) resistance to progressive tearing. In experiment III, the objective was to evaluate the effect of different levels of oils used in the grease step, on the physico-mechanical and chemical properties of the surubim's leathers. Skins were submitted to tanning process and then it was added to each treatment 8%, 10%, 12%, 14% and 16% of oils. The levels of oils did not affect the thickness (0.98 to 0.66 mm) and resistance of leather to traction (17.72 to 29.15 N/mm2) and elongation (64.63% to 84.13%), maximum force applied in this test (142.70 to 217.53 N) and maximum force in progressive tearing (58.10 to 72.80 N). |
publishDate |
2011 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2011 2018-04-06T18:17:44Z 2018-04-06T18:17:44Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1693 |
url |
http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1693 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual de Maringá Brasil Departamento de Zootecnia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia UEM Maringá, PR Centro de Ciências Agrárias |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual de Maringá Brasil Departamento de Zootecnia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia UEM Maringá, PR Centro de Ciências Agrárias |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) instname:Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) instacron:UEM |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) |
instacron_str |
UEM |
institution |
UEM |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) - Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1813258643689177088 |