Sedation and its Potential Risks in Children with Autism Spectrum Due to Drug Overlaps: A Critical Review

• Autor(a) principal: Alonso, Herculano Ramirez Floro
• Data de Publicação: 2024
• Outros Autores: Heimer, Mônica Vilela, Calado, Rafael Vrijdags, da Silva, João Victor Farias, Lins, Renata Matos Lamenha, Romão, Dayse Andrade, Pugliesi, Daniela Maria Carvalho, dos Santos Junior, Valdeci Elias
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada (Online)
• Texto Completo: https://revista.uepb.edu.br/PBOCI/article/view/3387
• topic: Mental Health; Autistic Disorder; Child Development; Pharmacology

Objective: To analyse pharmacological overlap in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) under conscious sedation in a dental office environment, identifying any potential risks and complications. Material and Methods: A critical review was conducted by selecting articles from online databases (Pubmed and Lilacs), using a search algorithm and eligibility criteria. The Medscape® platform was used to verify interactions between drugs commonly used by patients with ASD and medications used for sedation in paediatric dentistry. Results: Due to their polydrug use, children with ASD are at risk of complications, namely Serotonin Syndrome (SS), Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS), increase or decrease of the QT interval (QTi) and Torsade de Pointes (TdP), due to pre-existence of metabolic syndrome, deepening the sedation level or even leading to a decrease in the sedative capacity of the drugs used. Conclusion: It is essential to assess better drug interaction in ASD patients submitted to sedation. The severity of the disorder and the need for sedation for dental treatment are directly proportional. However, increases in sedative doses tend to increase risks and complications in children with ASD.