SCREENING FITOQUIMICO E ESTUDO BIOLÓGICO DE Synadenium grantii Hook.f.(EUPHORBIACEAE)

• Autor(a) principal: Costa, Larissa Lima Gonçalves
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UEPG
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/103
• topic: Synadenium grantii; Látex; citoxicidade, gastroprotetor.; Synadenium grantii; Latex; cytotoxicity; gastroprotective; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FARMACIA

The Synadenium grantii Hook. f. species is a plant of the Euphorbiaceae family and is popularly known as cega-olho, leitosinha, janaúba, cola-nota among other names. It has been used for many years in the form of prepared diluted latex (18 drops/1 liter of water) for the treatment of gastric disorders, and neoplastic diseases. However, there are currently no scientific studies that prove these effects, no information about the safe use of this plant by humans, as well as few phytochemical studies about this species. Therefore, the objectives of this work were: to conduct a phytochemical screening of the species; to determine the toxicity (LC50) of latex and crude extract in a lethality test with Artemia salina Leach; to evaluate the biochemical parameters (white blood cell count, determination of alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], albumin, creatinine and C-reactive protein); to evaluate the toxicological parameters (macroscopically evaluate organs such as liver, spleen, kidneys, pancreas, uterus, ovaries, adrenal glands and stomach in animal experiments); and to determine its antiulcer activity with the aim of enhancing academic and popular knowledge about this species. Phytochemical screening was performed using the hydroalcoholic crude extract of the bark and the latex, in both of which the presence of several classes of secondary metabolites of pharmacological interest, including: coumarins, tannins, anthraquinones, saponifiable compounds and terpenes were found. Toxicity tests against A. salina were performed using the fresh latex and crude bark extract at concentrations of 10 - 0.05% (v/v) and 1000 to 1 μg/mL respectively. The results showed that in the tested concentrations, the latex has marked toxicity (LC50 = 26.58 μg/mL) while the crude extract of the bark showed low toxicity (LC50 = 778.66 μg /mL). In acute toxicity tests, it was possible to determine that a dose of 2.4 g/kg (0.5 ml) of S. grantii latex presented biochemical changes related to the AST, ALT parameters that were evaluated. To determine the antiulcer activity we used adult female Wistar rats that suffered from ulcers induced by two models (ethanol and indomethacin). The fresh latex showed a gastroprotective effect in relation to both the evaluated models and a 90 % rate of inhibition in the formation of ulcers, whilst the prepared latex showed a 5.7 % inhibition when the ethanol model was utilised to induce ulcers. The results of this study indicate the importance and need for additional studies in the search for evidence of biological activity for this popularly propagated plant species and the need for more studies regarding the safety of using it.