Material particulado respirável presente no ar da cidade do Rio de Janeiro: estudo geneotóxico

• Autor(a) principal: Ribeiro, Claudia Ramos de Rainho
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/16186
• topic: Particulate matter; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Nitroderivates; Human biomonitoring; Material particulado; Hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos; Nitroderivados; Biomonitoramento humano; Material Particulado Efeitos adversos; Poluentes do Ar Toxidade; Hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos; Testes de Mutagenicidade; Salmonella Typhimurium; Medição de risco; Monitoramento Ambiental; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::GENETICA::MUTAGENESE

Particulate matter (PM2.5) can be associated with various organic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Recent studies show that in addition to PAH, nitroaromatic compounds, aromatic amines and ketones can also be considered potent mutagenes. Geneetic biomarkers are useful tools for the initial evaluation of human exposure to environmental and occupational pollution. In the present work we: (i) compare the levels of PAH, nitro-PAH and mutageneicity levels of PM2.5 samples from three points of the city of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ Campus, Brasil Avenue and Rebouças Tunnel and (ii) investigate in workers exposed to these pollutants induced geneotoxic effects. Air samples were collected in two periods: July to October 2010 and November 2010 to May 2011. The human biomonitoring was conducted using lymphocytes samples and cells of the oral mucosa in the micronucleus test (MN). Polymerase Chain Reaction assay was performed to evaluate polymorphism in genees responsible for the expression of metabolismenzymes of phase I (CYP1A1) and phase II (GSTM1 and GSTT1). High concentrations of PAH and nitro-PAH were detected atRebouçasTunnel site in both periods. Nitroarene and dinitroarenos were detected in all sites in the period July to October 2010. In the period November 2010 to May 2011, the presence of dinitroarenos was detected only in BrasilAvenue and Rebouças Tunnel.MN frequency in lymphocytes and in oral mucosal cells showed a significant increase in the exposure group (Rebouças Tunnel workers). The data geneerated in this study show that different levels of PAH, and nitroderivatives contribute to mutageneicity induction. The high frequency of MN detected in individuals of exposure group may be related to occupational exposure to pollutants adhered to PM2.5. The significant increase in the concentration of HP-1 and 2-NAP (mol / molcreatinine) was detected in urine samples from exposure group. Polymorphism m2 (CYP1A1*2B) was detected only in an exposure group individual. No polymorphism of the genee CYP1A1 was detected in the control group samples. Deletions of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genees were detected in 100% of samples from control group. Deletions were detected in 72.74% of the samples for GSTM1 and 86.37% of the samples for GSTT1 in exposure group. These results demonstrate that this individual exposed to occupational pollution at Rebouças Tunnel, may have intensified metabolism of pollutants such as PAH, and present difficulties in detoxification of metabolites of these pollutants.