Hemisferectomia na vida adulta como modelo para o estudo das assimetrias cerebrais no controle da reatividade emocional e atividade locomotora em camundongos

• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Monica Cena de Sousa
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/12776
• topic: Cerebral asymmetry; Hemispherectomy; Laterality; Mice; Assimetria cerebral; Hemisferectomia; Lateralidade; Camundongos; Lateralidade; Assimetria funcional (Cérebro); Hemisferectomia; Atividade motora; Camundongo como animal de laboratório; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FISIOLOGIA::FISIOLOGIA DE ORGAOS E SISTEMAS::NEUROFISIOLOGIA

Evidence exists indicating that cerebral lateralization is a fundamental feature of all vertebrates. In humans, it has been suggested that the right hemisphere is involved in processing negative emotional information and the left hemisphere is involved in control of motor function. In rodents, evidence for hemispheric lateralization is sparse. In this regard, here, we used unilateral hemispherectomy to study the relative importance of each hemisphere in controlling emotion and spontaneous motor activity in mice. Adult male mice were submitted to right hemispherectomy (RH), left hemispherectomy (LH) or sham surgery (SHAM). To help the interpretation of results an addition sample of mice was submitted to unilateral suction of left frontoparietal area (LFP), right frontoparietal area (RFP) or sham surgery (CONT). Fifteen days after surgery, both the emotional reactivity and the spontaneous locomotor activity were assessed in the open field test 10 min (divided into 1 min intervals). The open field arena consisted of a polypropylene box in which the floor was divided into 16 same-sized rectangles. The total number of rectangles crossed was used as the measure of spontaneous locomotor activity. Considering that mice avoid open areas, the ambulation in the center and time spent in the central rectangles were used to assess emotional reactivity. Regarding locomotor activity, the two surgical techniques reveal asymmetries in opposite direction. The locomotor activity of LH, which increased along the test period, was higher than both RH and SHAM. In contrast, the locomotor activity of RFP which decreased along the test period was higher than both LFP and CONT. Regarding emotional reactivity, the LH group spent less time in the central area than both RH and SHAM groups. No differences were observed between LFP, RFP and CONT groups. Our results suggest that the two hemispheres contribute asymmetrically to control of emotional reactivity and to control of motor activity in mice. Similarly to what is observed in humans, the right hemisphere of mice was more involved in processing negative emotional information. Regarding locomotor hyperactivity, the differences observed between hemispherectomized and frontoparietal-lesioned mice suggest that multiple lateralized circuits (or systems) may underlie spontaneous locomotor activity.