Energia para integrar e desintegrar: o petróleo no contexto da integração energética Sul-Americana (2000-2015)

• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Romário de Jesus
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/15624
• topic: South America; Energy; Energetic integration; Oil; América do Sul; Energia; Integração energética; Petróleo; Brasil Relações exteriores; Política energética América do Sul; Recursos energéticos América do Sul; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::CIENCIA POLITICA::POLITICA INTERNACIONAL::RELACOES I?INTERNACIONAIS, BILATERAIS E MULTILATERAIS

Energy is one of the main factors that contributes for the development, progress and equilibrium of modern economy. In the first decade of the twenty-first century, many questions arose about the models of economic integration that prevailed in South America in the 1990 s. The progressive government started to defend the energetic integration as a pillar of the whole process of regional integration, because South America is a privileged area concern the variety of energy sources. Our research analyses the regional integration, aiming the oil case. We verify that, besides the integrative feature, curiously, energy is also a field where the regional countries confront each other. In addition, we also verify that Venezuela developed, during the Hugo Chavez government (1999-2013), the main initiatives in which oil are comprised, but they suffered contestations in the regional environment. We conclude that the problems concern the dispute in the energy sector are enhanced in the oil case, once its projected use for Venezuela arose suspicion in leaders of the neighbors countries about the real interests of the Caribbean nation. Furthermore, oil is aim of strong nationalism. The Andean countries have enough hydrocarbon and show little interest in strategies that involves oil. Oil is lucrative, but it can harm the economy of the producer country, given its commodity feature. The regional oil sector does not have a good framework, in order to treat it adequately. Besides, there are pressures of the international community for the gradually reduction of the oil use. Therefore, these arguments explain why oil does not have a political and economic project concern the energetic integration in South America.