Avaliação do papel do óxido nítrico no comprometimento da função pulmonar e hiper-reatividade das vias aéreas em camundongos estimulados com sílica

• Autor(a) principal: Dias, Davidson Furtado
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/7862
• topic: Pulmonary inflammation; Silicosis; Nitric oxide; Airways hyperreactivity; Fibrosis; Inflamação pulmonar; Silicose; Óxido nítrico; Hiper-reatividade das vias aéreas; Fibrose; Pulmões Fisiologia; Óxido nítrico; Pneumoconiose; Pneumonia; Fibrose pulmonar; Pulmão Fisiologia; Silicose; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FARMACOLOGIA

Silicosis is a lung disease caused by inhalation of silica particles, which is dependent on several inflammatory mediators. In this study we investigated the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the alteration of lung function and airways hyperreactivity caused by intranasal silica stimulation in mice. The parameters analyzed included: i) lung function (resistance and elastance) and airways hyperreactivity to aerosolized methacholine (3 - 27 mg/mL) by invasive plethysmography, and ii) morphological changes, by classical histological techniques and immunohistochemistry. We found that the instillation of silica particles (10 mg) caused an increase in the baseline levels lung of resistance and elastance and airways hyperreactivity to methacholine, from 2 to 28 days. We noted that there was a temporal correlation with morphological changes in lung tissue, which reflected the presence of an intense inflammatory cell infiltrate, followed by progressive fibrosis and granuloma formation. The time-points of 7 and 28 days post-silica stimulation were chosen for subsequent experiments, because they corrrespond to acute and chronic phases of experimental silicosis, respectively. Higher levels of nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite as well as iNOS expression were detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage and lung tissue of silica-stimulated mice stimulated, respectively. In another group of experiments, we observed that mice depleted for the gene encoding for inducible NOS (iNOS) had the responses of increased basal levels of resistance and elastance lung and airways hyperreactivity abolished as compared to wildtype animals (C57BL/6). Inhibition of the inflammatory and fibrotic granulomatous responses were also inhibited in the case iNOS knockout mice. Treatment with the iNOS inhibitor 1400W markedly suppressed changes in lung function and tissue fibrosis observed in silicotic mice. In conclusion, our results show that suppression of lung function failure, including increased in resistance/elastance as well as airways hyperreactivity were correlated with NO and peroxynitrite generation as well as the iNOS expression. The depletion of the gene encoding to or inhibition of iNOS enzymatic activity abolished the response of lung function and tissue fibrosis in experimental silicosis. Together, these findings indicate that NO is an important mediator in the context of silicosis and suggest that it can be considered a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of fibrotic diseases.