Impacto da exposição fetal ao HIV-1 na função das células T e das células dendríticas de neonatos não infectados

• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Juliana do Outeiro
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/14397
• topic: HIV-1; neonates; T cells; dendritic cells; Th17; IL-10; HIV-1; neonatos; células T; células dendríticas; Th17; IL-10; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::MICROBIOLOGIA

The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is one of the most impelling epidemic in the world, and the HIV-infection in young women has been increasing fast in the recent times, mainly in developing countries where most of them become pregnant precociously. Although the great majority of the pediatric AIDS cases all over the world results from vertical transmission, approximately, two thirds of the children exposed to HIV during fetal life are not contaminated. In this context, following brazilian consensus recommendations (Health Ministry), every child whom vertical transmission had been laboratorialy discarded does not need a specific ambulatorial follow up. However, our previous results demonstrated that HIV-1-infected pregnant women who did not control their plasma viral load presented elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, and in the present study our results revealed that non-infected neonates, born from these pregnant women display immune functional abnormalities in umbilical cord T cells compartment when exposed in vitro to policlonal activators, but not to HIV-1 antigens. Furthermore, when compared to non-exposed neonates, T cell in vitro activation with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 from neonates exposed to HIV-1 induced production of high IL-17 levels and decreased of IL-10. Interestingly, this T cell bias in secreting IL-17 seem to be related to liberation of high IL-23 levels by dendritic cells derived from umbilical cord blood monocytes following stimulation with bacterial lipopolysacharide (LPS). The lack of uterine sensitization to HIV-1 antigens suggests that, these alterations, may translate an adverse effect of a high level maternal inflammatory cytokines production on neonate s immune system, which may unbalance events related to neonatal and fetal immune maturation and homeostasis, favoring Th anomalous phenotypes predominance, such as Th17. This Th17 hyper-responsiveness may then compromise not only the child s capacity to respond in an adequate way to different antigenic stimuli through life, as well as becoming them more susceptible to immune-mediated disorders