Uma genealogoa de princípios de demofilia em comcepções utópicas de democratização

• Autor(a) principal: Aguiar, Thais Florencio de
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/12413
• topic: Democracy; Demophilia; Demophobia; Spinozism; Utopia; Libertarian socialism; Democracia; Demofilia; Demofobia; Spinozismo; Utopia; Socialismo libertário; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::CIENCIA POLITICA::TEORIA POLITICA

By applying the genealogical method to theories that reflect on democratization, the formation of two matrices of thought arises: demophobia and demophilia. The concept of demophobia is derived from the Spinozan idea that modern political thought is built on a fear of masses and multitudes. The terms of this demophobia manifest themselves in the work of liberal theorists such as Constant, Tocqueville, Stuart Mill, Spencer, Schumpeter, and Pareto, among others; as well as socialist theoreticians such as Marx, Engels and Lenin. Because demophobia creates an epistemological obstacle to accessing an understanding of the dynamics of masses in politics, we have been led to pursuing new theoretical bases. As such, this dissertation explores the distinctions between the notion of multitudes, according to Spinoza, and the concept of people as understood by Hobbes. The concept of demophilia relies heavily on Spinozan assumptions, such as the idea that the power of multitudes exceeds legal-political order, composed as it is of elements drawn from the ethics of Spinoza, Aristotle and Cicero, for whom philia, or friendship, is the foundation of the political community. By analyzing these elements, we can formulate the demophilic proposition that, in a categorically imperative manner, makes us act as though demophilia were a world to be created in the ethical-political sphere. Understanding demophilia as an ideal from which to judge politics, utopian thought establishes itself as a theoretical framework for deriving demophilic principles. This framework allows for the inclusion of theories considered to be anarquist, communist, and socialist, incorporating such thinkers as Bakunin, Thoreau, Winstanley and Fourier.