Como viabilizar reformas politicamente improváveis? mudanças da previdência nos governos FHC e Lula.

• Autor(a) principal: Hecksher, Carolina Botelho Marinho da Cunha
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/12433
• topic: Social Security; Social Security in Brazil; Legislative Analysis; Demography; Public Policy.; Previdência Social; Previdência Social no Brasil; Análise Legislativa; Demografia; Políticas Públicas.; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::CIENCIA POLITICA

Social security reforms are endeavors difficult to carry out in democratic regimes. After all, they generate benefits that are typically diffuse and perceived in the long run opposed to immediate costs which are concentrated in more aware population groups about the initiative, acknowledged as unpopular. However, the dynamics of economic and demographic factors may increase the need to reform that, at certain moments, can overcome the political embarrassment of its unpopularity, as observed in Brazil in different governments. This thesis presents new evidence on the difficulties encountered by different chiefs of the Brazilian executive when submitting the social security reform bills to the National Congress. These difficulties are due to lawmakers who, in general, proved to be less inclined to support the government in these initiatives than others with similar characteristics. In particular, it is demonstrated that the Legislative resistance was significantly higher during the reform in the FHC administration than during the one held in the Lula administration and it follows that the more docile behavior of the opposition in the latter was the main determinant to reduce the difficulty in processing of Lula s bill. About the reasons for the difficulty of reforming social security in democratic regimes in general, the thesis gets its conclusion through an examination of the broader context of state reform in Brazil upon the fundamental findings in political science and legislative studies. In addition, it seeks to add its contribution to literature.