Síntese e avaliação de hidrogéis à base de alginato e nanopartículas magnéticas preparadas in situ para remoção de Mn(II) e Ni(II) de efluente industrial

• Autor(a) principal: Bittencourt, Rodrigo Ferreira
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/15804
• topic: Hydrogel; alginate; synthesis in situ of maghemite; adsorption; heavy metals; Hidrogel; alginato; síntese in situ de maghemita; adsorção; metais pesados; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA::QUIMICA ORGANICA::POLIMEROS E COLOIDES

This Dissertation aims thesynthesis of hydrogels based on alginate and magnetic nanoparticles (maghemite) prepared in situ. Hydrogels were prepared at different concentrations of sodium alginate (2 and 3% w/v), FeSO4 (0.3 and 0.5 mol L-1) and CaCl2 (0.1 and 0.3 mol L-1). The physicochemical properties of the hydrogels were analyzed and, subsequently, evaluated for their ability to remove ions Ni2+ and Mn2+ from aqueous solutions. In orderto characterize the samples,several techniques were used, such as, granulometric analysis, optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer spectroscopy and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). Hydrogels with predominant spherical morphology and micrometric dimension were prepared (500 and 850 µm) with atoms of Fe and Ca dispersed uniformly in their structure. The hydrogels presented good thermal resistance and superparamagnetic behavior. The samples were swollen in deionized water, for a period of time, to evaluate the swelling degree (Q) and determine the sample with the best result for subsequent application in an aqueous solution containing metallic ions (Ni2+ and Mn2+). The results revealed that the sample with concentration of 3% w/v of sodium alginate, 0.3 mol L-1 of FeSO4, and 0.3 mol L-1 of CaCl2 presented the higher Q (50%). In consequence of this result, we decided to use thissample, in the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution and industrial wastewater.Several parameters, such as: contact time, pH, initial concentration of ionic solution and hydrogel mass were studied. The results, to the synthetic solution, revealed that the equilibrium time was 60 minutes; the capacity of metals removal improves with the pH increasing (3 to 9), and was maximum at pH 7; the lower the initial concentration of ionic solution (50 to 500 mg L-1), the higher the removal capacity, 52% of Ni2+ and 49% of Mn2+ (initial concentration of 50 mg L-1). In the industrial wastewater, the removal was 61% of Ni2+ and 57% de Mn2+ (300 mg of hydrogel). The results showed that magnetic hydrogels based on alginate synthesized have potential use in the treatment of industrial wastewater contaminated with heavy metals