Uso de anticoncepcional oral e sua associação com fatores de risco cardiovascular entre adolescentes brasileiras: Projeto ERICA

• Autor(a) principal: Barros, Bruna de Siqueira
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Outros Autores: [e-mail]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/19373
• topic: Contraceptive, oral; Hypertension; Hypertriglyceridemia; Tobacco; Alcohol drinking; Adolescent; Cardiovascular risk; Anticoncepcionais orais; Hipertensão; Hipertrigliceridemia; Tabaco; Consumo de bebidas alcoólicas; Adolescente; Fatores de risco de doenças cardíacas; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE

The main objective of the present study was to verify the association between the use of oral contraceptives (OC) and cardiovascular risk factors, including metabolic syndrome and their components and risk behaviors such as a history of experimentation or current consumption of tobacco and/or alcoholic beverages by Brazilian adolescents. The study sample included female adolescents aged 12 to 17 who participated from a multicenter, school-based country-wide cross-sectional study - The Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (Portuguese acronym, “ERICA”). OC use and sociodemographic variables were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Anthropometry and blood pressure were acessed. And a subsample consisting of students from the morning shift who collected blood sample. The International Diabetes Federation criteria were used to define metabolic syndrome. Descriptive statistics were reported as the prevalence of OC according to the variables, with their respective 95% confidence intervals. Logistic regression was performed to obtain crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR). The survey included 40,803 female adolescents and, of these, 10.31% reported using OC. Its use was associated with experimentation with tobacco and alcoholic beverages and with the continued use of these substances. These associations remained statistically significant after adjusting for age, nutritional status, school region and race/color with OR: 4.2 (3.32 – 5.35) for experimentation and OR: 1.81 (1.21 – 2.70) for consumption within 30 days prior to the application of the questionnaire. The subsample consisted of 22,682 girls and 12.65% reported using OC and its use was associated with high blood pressure and hypertriglyceridemia. These associations remained statistically significant after adjusting for age, school area, color, and tobacco use with an increase of 2.68 (1.66 – 4.32) and 3.45 (2.56 – 4.65) times, respectively. This research was the first population-based survey with national and regional representation to assess the association between the use of contraceptive pills and cardiovascular risk factors among the largest number of Brazilian adolescents. These data justify that pediatricians, hebiatricians and gynecologists should be aware that, after starting OC, patients should be evaluated for follow-up both to verify medication adherence and to detect possible side effects, including blood pressure monitoring. In addition, preventive actions should aim to avoid the deleterious and prevalent combination of consumption between the pill and tobacco and/or alcoholic beverages in adolescents in Brazil.