Estudo dos efeitos da exposição materna à nicotina na lactação sobre a função da medula adrenal e dos adipócitos de ratos machos e fêmeas

• Autor(a) principal: Pinheiro, Cintia Rodrigues
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/16235
• topic: Lactation; Nicotine; Programming; Adrenal function; Leptin; Catecholamines; Lactação; Nicotina; Programação; Função adrenal; Leptina; Catecolaminas; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FISIOLOGIA::FISIOLOGIA DE ORGAOS E SISTEMAS::FISIOLOGIA ENDOCRINA

Nutritional, hormonal and environmental changes during critical periods of life (pregnancy and/or lactation) are associated with future changes in the structure and physiology of body tissues and systems, influencing some diseases in adulthood. This phenomenon is known as metabolic programming. Maternal smoking during pregnancy/lactation has been associated with overweight/obesity in childhood and adulthood in both genders. However, studies have shown gender differences in response to nicotine exposure. Although many women quit smoking during pregnancy, data reveal that most women who stop smoking during gestation relapse during lactation. Previously, we showed that adult male rats whose mothers received nicotine during lactation developed overweight, hyperleptinemia and hypothyroidism. Because nicotine affects the adrenal function and, as glucocorticoids and catecholamines have well known effects on adipose tissue, we evaluated adrenal medulla function and leptin content in adipose tissue and muscle of males and females whose dams were nicotine-treated during lactation. On postnatal (PN) day 2, dams were subcutaneously implanted with osmotic minipumps releasing nicotine (6mg/Kg/day) for 14 days of lactation (NIC) or saline. Male and female offspring were killed at 15 and 180 days-old. In PN15, males of NIC group presented higher absolute (+72%) and relative (+73%) VFM, hyperleptinemia (+35%), hypercorticosteronemia (+67%), higher adrenal weight (+39%) and adrenal catecholamine content (absolute: +69% and relative: +41%) although lower TH content (-33%). In PN180, these males displayed higher body mass (+10%), absolute (+47%) and relative (+33%) VFM, hyperleptinemia (+41%), higher leptin content in VAT (+23%), hypercorticosteronemia (+77%), higher adrenal catecholamine content (absolute:+79% and relative:+89%), higher TH expression (+38%), lower in vitro catecholamine release (-19%) and higher ADRB3 content in VAT (+59%). Females of NIC group at PN15 presented lower body mass (-6%) and hyperleptinemia (+41%) but no change in VFM. In PN180, these females showed lower leptin content in SAT (-46%), higher leptin content in muscle (+22%) and lower ADRB3 content in VAT (-39%). Thus, we evidenced a sex dimorphism in the model of programming by maternal nicotine exposure during lactation. The medullary adrenal function and corticosteronemia in adult rat were programmed only in male offspring while the female offspring displayed relevant alterations in leptin content.