Cultura e natureza no jovem Nietzsche: o problema da formação (bildung)

• Autor(a) principal: Baptista, Marlon Tomazella
• Data de Publicação: 2009
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/12220
• topic: Nature; Culture; Bildung; Metaphysics; Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900.; Imagem (Filosofia); Filosofia da natureza; Natureza; Cultura; Bildung; Metafísica; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA

We dedicate ourselves to the study of how appears the issue about the cultivation of human being in the thought of Friedrich Nietzsche, considering that he dialogues with the ancient Greece and with the tradition on the question of education (Bildung) in Germany of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. To do so we give some consideration to the German c1assicism and idealism, besides the meaning and consequence of the fundamental principles of Aufklärung. The research unfolds in such way that aims to consider how Nietzsche understands the meaning of art in itself and therefore, how its agent, the artist, performs a existential movement that imitates the dynamic of existence of the nature itself; what primarily involves a change of conception about what is the work of art - fundamental conception to the thought about the Bildung already in the eighteenth century to determine what the man should be. Therefore, it's necessary to review the grounds on which were based the modem German humanism and to be redefined what humanity and nature are - and how is the relationship between them. In this review of the definitions that determine the directions of the culture through the cultivation of individuals, occurs Nietzsches criticism about the reasons and goals of the modem means of education and its institutionalization. While on the other hand we think in how appears the proposal about what could actually be the establishment of a culture that corresponded to the tragic ideal of humanity; that is, a cultivation that educates to the highest aims of men, in accord to the goal of a metaphysics of the nature. What is the human being? Which are his highest goals? What is the world or the nature? What is art? What is culture? These are the fundamental questions that lead this dissertation, considering as fundamental hypothesis that the Nietzsche's idea of cultivation is a way to overcome the c1assical Bildung based on rationality and morality, but in a different meaning in relation to the idealistic pretensions of overcoming of the oppositions.