Explorando as relações entre altruísmo, bem-estar subjetivo e esquemas iniciais desadaptativos

• Autor(a) principal: Krieger, Stèphanie
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/15390
• topic: Altruism; Subjective Well-Being; Early Maladaptative Schemas; Bem-Estar Subjetivo; Esquemas Iniciais Desadaptativos; Psicologia Social; Altruísmo; Bem-estar; Terapia cognitiva; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA

Altruism, is a voluntary behavior, directed to help another without aim to external rewards and that involves risk or cost. The literature is consistent to appoint a relation of altruism with better well-being and physical and mental health, thus appearing to exist an association between altruism and subjective well-being. However, some studies have shown that this relationship may not be linear, causing harm when they exceed an optimum level. A pattern of excessive altruism, termed as self-sacrifice, can lead to heartache and depression. From the foregoing and the lack of studies proving the complex relationship of altruism to the well-being, this study aimed to explore the relationship between altruism, subjective well-being and the early maladaptative schemas of the domain other-directedness, subjugation and self-sacrifice. The sample consisted of 248 individuals of both sexes, with an average age of 35.16 years (SD = 14.12) and minimum education of incomplete high school. The instruments used were: Altruism Factor of Empathy Inventory (AL), Subjective Well-Being Scale (EBES) and Domain Other-Directedness of the Young Schema Questionnaire - reduced form (YSQ-S2). The sample characterization was made through descriptive statistics and the relationship between the variables was performed by calculating the Pearson correlation. The results partially confirmed the hypothesis of the study, showing that the higher the level of altruism, higher levels of domains other-directedness, subjugation, self-sacrifice and negative affect and lower levels of positive affect. And, in general, the greater the presence of schemas of the domain other-directedness, the higher the frequency of negative affect and lower the life satisfaction. Thus, altruism seems to be within a continuum, ranging from an adaptive and beneficial behavior to a dysfunctional behavior with negative consequences for those who exercise it. This study may contribute to scientific knowledge about altruism and its relation to welfare