Os donos da natureza: patrimônio, posse e propriedade na instituição de RPPNs

• Autor(a) principal: Silveira, Luciana Braga
• Data de Publicação: 2009
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/8324
• topic: RPPN; Protected natural areas; Patrimony; Public and private; RPPN; Unidades de conservação; Patrimônio; Público e privado; Reservas naturais; Proteção ambiental; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS

This study is about the social relations in the realm of Reservas Particulares do Patrimônio Natural, RPPNs (Private Natural Heritage Reserves). Since the 2000 s, Brazilian environmental law enables the institutionalization of protected natural areas as private properties, through the creation of the category of Private Natural Heritage Reserve. This juridical possibility has allowed rural owners, businesses and non-governmental organizations to create Private Natural Heritage Reserve in private domains. This intends to show that Private Natural Heritage Reserve, far beyond the ecological importance ascribed by environmentalists in general, are sites where the symbolic reconstruction of nature and "land" is processed. The main goals of this study a re to investigate how, in the experiences of Private Natural Heritage Reserve owners or Rppnistas , the idea of environmentalism is instantiated and how the rural properties where those protected areas are created acquire new meanings. Private Natural Heritage Reserves became sites where the creative and imaginative exercise of the notion of environment is set forward. Such a conclusion was possible due to seeking to understand marginal versions of Private Natural Heritage Reserve, that is, the reasonings that recognize values in nature such as the affective and religious ones. One realizes that the marginal versions were againstan official version , a political-juridical description focused on the biophysical attributes of Private Natural Heritage Reserve and turning out to face the hegemony of technical-scien tific explanations attached to the notion of biodiversity . Nature, as it is seen by Rppnistas is known, sensorially experienced and owned as a private good, it is the private nature . The notion of patrimony inspiring the conception of Private Natural Heritage Reserve category allows the characteristic ambiguity of these reservations: they are natural and private areas at the same time as well as common goods of humankind . Thus, a reflection on the changes of the notion of what is public and what is private facing the process of patrimonilization of rural properties is an inevitable consequence of this work. Indeed, ecological speech has enabled private property, seen as the place of the individual, to become the place of environmental conservation . Redeemed and re-signified by means of the Private Natural Heritage Reserve, rural properties turn into sites of survival for humankind . And it is the apocalyptical view, that sees the risk of loss in nature, of destruction and extinction of the natural beings it is such a view the one that causes the ecological and religious speeches to come close. Since they see, each one according to one s manner, Private Natural Heritage Reserves as sacred sites , environmentalists and Rppnistas believe these reserves should be protected from human touch. One sees, then, that the nature of Private Natural Heritage Reserves is re-enchanted, paradoxally, by means of religious and scientific explanations, while they are re-defined and re-interpreted in Rpnistas speeches.