Planejamento de recursos hídricos de áreas rurais degradadas: aplicação do modelo SWAT em bacia hidrográfica experimental na região Noroeste do Estado do Rio de Janeiro.

• Autor(a) principal: Bellon, Ernani
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/10946
• topic: Environmental Engineering; SWAT model; Experimental microwatershed; Water management; Engenharia Ambiental; Modelo SWAT; Microbacia experimental; Gestão dos recursos hídricos; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS

The environmental degradation in the Northwest region of the State of Rio de Janeiro has intensified in the last decades due to no preservationist agricultural practices. This arises from inappropriate land use that has been associated to changes in water supply to a varying extent in the Region s municipalities. These, has leaded to economic losses in the activities of small and medium rural homeowners, and quality of life decaying. The approach to address such problems depends on the active participation of government bodies and agencies responsible for water resources management. Hydrological simulation models can assist with great value and benefit to the generation of information in basins, instrumented or not. Models are useful for planning and decision making as they allow the discharges forecasting and simulation scenarios on land use and water quality. In this context, the study aims to make a contribution to assess the suitability of the rainfall-runoff component of the SWAT model in the Santa Maria and Cambiocó catchment, with 13.5 km2, located in Muriaé s river basin, a tributary of the Paraíba do Sul s river basin. SWAT has been employed in agricultural basins in the U.S., Europe, and currently in China, Southeast Asia and Iran, among other countries, and had in the last decade greater insertion in the Brazilian academia. The 2005 version of the model was used through its GIS interface to simulate the daily mean discharges based on rainfall measured at 15 minute intervals from 2005/2006. Simulated and observed discharges at catchment s outlet gage station have been compared. Tools for sensitivity analysis and calibration were tested. Manual calibration adjustment was conducted with CN2 and ESCO parameters. The values obtained by calibration for the statistical coefficients R2, NSE, PBIAS and RSR were 0.80, 0.80, 7.02 and 0.45, respectively, indicating "very good" score. This was confirmed by inspection of hydrographs. The validation period for the different outputs provided the coefficients 0.84, 0.80, 25.92 and 0.44. The R2 and NSE matched a very good score. The PBIAS was at the limit of satisfactory and RSR, very good . The results showed that SWAT simulations were appropriate comparing with others studies in Brazil. The model can be recommended for further studies in this catchment for modeling consumptive uses and land use scenarios.