Contaminação por mercúrio no pescado comercializado no Estado do Rio de Janeiro

• Autor(a) principal: Picaluga, Alice de Souza
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Outros Autores: [e-mail]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/18617
• topic: Trace element; Human consumption; Fish; Bioaccumulation; Elemento-traço; Consumo humano; Pescado; Bioacumulação; CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::OCEANOGRAFIA::OCEANOGRAFIA BIOLOGICA::INTERACAO ENTRE OS ORGANISMOS MARINHOS E OS PARAMETROS AMBIENTAIS

Mercury is a trace element of high toxicity and neurotoxic properties, which poses risks to human health through contaminated fish feed. The objective of the present study was to determine the mercury contamination in fish commercialized in the metropolitan region of the State of Rio de Janeiro. The species were chosen according to a consumption preference of the population of the State of Rio de Janeiro, in the origin of fish and/or trophic level of the species and were acquired by two forms. In the period between June 2015 and August 2017, 8 types of fish traded in markets in the metropolitan region of the State of Rio de Janeiro were collected: pout, shark, ling, sole, salmon, panga, bivalve mussels and canned tuna. Four species of fish obtained from fishing in Guanabara Bay were collected from February to September 2014: catfish (Genidens barbus), corvina (Micropogonias furnieri), sea bass (Centropomus parallelus) and mullet (Mugil liza). The determination of total mercury (THg) was based in Malm et al. (1989) e Bastos et al. (1998). The muscular tissues were digested with an acid mixture and the total mercury concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry by cold vapor (FIMS 400, Perkin Elmer). The accuracy and precision were determined by using DORM-3 (NRC, Canada) and internal reference material. The results were analyzed statically throughout the program STATISTICA version 7.0 for Windows (StatSoft, Inc. 1984–2004, USA). Significant differences were found between concentrations of total mercury and fish species acquired in markets (Kruskal-Wallis test H7,96=85,21 p < 0,0001), being the lowest concentrations found in panga (0,001 ± 0,001 mg.Kg-1), salmon (0,010 ± 0,009 mg.Kg-1) and mussels (0,002 ± 0,0006 mg.Kg-1), while the highest concentrations were found in shark (1,285 ± 0,456 mg.Kg-1). No significant differences were found between the concentrations of total mercury in the fish caught in the markets and the trade marks (Mann-Whitney U test, p> 0,05). The concentrations of methylmercury found in shark presented an average of 1,185 ± 0,503 mg.Kg-1 and the percentage of the amount of methylmercury in relation to the concentrations of total mercury presented average of 93 ± 21,98 %. There were significant differences between concentrations of total mercury and Guanabara Bay fish (Kruskal-Wallis H test (3,109) = 72,65, p <0,0001), with the lowest concentrations being found in the mullet (0,006 ± 0,005 mg.Kg-1) and the highest levels found in catfish (0,203 ± 0,07 mg.Kg-1). Positive significantly correlations were found between total mercury concentrations and corvina biological data (Spearman Correlation, p <0,0001). The PTWI for the species was critical for the ingestion of shark and critical for ingestion of abadejo, canned tuna, ling, linguado, catfish, corvina and sea bass by a child. The concentration had concentrations above the limit of 1,0 mg.Kg-1 established by the World Health Organization (WHO) for predatory fish, with two specimens having concentrations higher than double that allowed. These results are of concern from the point of view of public health, since the ingestion of this species could lead to several human health disorders, emphasizing the importance of identifying which species can be consumed or avoided and how often.