Remoção de metais pesados de efluentes sintéticos aquosos por nanofiltração

• Autor(a) principal: Costa, Claudio Manoel Guimarães da
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/15670
• topic: Nanofiltration; Heavy metals; Membranes; Rejection; Nanofiltração; Metais pesados; Membranas; Rejeição; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA::QUIMICA ANALITICA::ANALISE DE TRACOS E QUIMICA AMBIENTAL

The objective of this work was to study the removal of heavy metals of aqueous synthetic efluentes through nanofiltração, with use of polyamide membrane. The membrane used constituted of polyamide it presented a good hydraulic permeabilidade, verified by the flow linearidade with the variation of work pressure. The studied metals were copper, cadmium, zinc, lead and nickel with speciation of nitrate and sulfate. The performance of the system was verified by the variation of the operational parameters (pressure and flow), also associated with the variation of the salinity and of the concentration of the metal. In an initial stage it was studied the removal of metals (nitrate and sulfate) separately in a same concentration molar, in the pressure of 10 bar, being compared the rejections with and without agent complexante (EDTA). In a second stage, it was studied the performance of the membrane, with mixtures of the metals (nitrate) and mixture of metals (sulfate), also with and without agent complexante, the results showed that the presence of agent complexante improved the rejection of the metals. In these mixtures they were studied the effects of the concentrations (0,001; 0,0005 and 0,0001mol/L) and of the pressures (5; 7; 10 and 12,5 bar) in the removal system, it was verified that the increase of the concentration and decrease of the pressure affects the removal. In a third stage, it was studied the influence of the salinity by the mixture of two metals of same speciation (sulfate), comparing the removal in the pressure of 10 bar. The results attested a larger rejection than 94% for all metals, in the pressure of 10 bar, indicating an excellent acting and appropriate flow, then process viability for all of the tested concentrations. The importance of the test is justified for the adaptation of the permeated to the service to the environmental patterns of concentration of metals and they confirm the effectiveness of the nanofiltração system in the removal of heavy metals