Staphylococcus haemolyticus e Staphylococcus epidermidis isolados de fômites de origem hospitalar: perfis de resistência aos agentes antimicrobianos e produção de biofilme

• Autor(a) principal: Sued, Bruna Pinto Ribeiro
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Outros Autores: [e-mail]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/17570
• topic: Estafilocacos; Biofilme; Aderência bacteriana; Infecção hospitalar; Drogas - Resistência em microorganismos; Staphylococcus coagulase-negativa; Antimicrobial multiresistence; Biofilm; Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus; Fomites; Nosocomial infections; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA

Coagulase-negative staphylococci ( SCN ) are found in the skin and mucous membranes of humans and other animals , since some species are a constituent part of the normal flora of these same sites, which may constitute a reservoir for SCN. Staphylococcus epidermidis species, is recognized as a major opportunistic infections and serious nosocomial and community staff, as well as associated with infections in patients undergoing implants with medical devices, and Staphylooccus haemolyticus is the second species most frequent species of human blood cultures, one of species that has a high antimicrobial resistance. The present study aimed to investigate the presence of SCN on fomites (stethoscopes, thermometers and sphygmomanometers) in the hospital environment, identify the species S. haemolyticus and S. epidermidis and correlate their antimicrobial resistance profiles with the ability to produce biofilm. The technique of multiplex mPCR was used in the determination of the species and phenotyping was performed by conventional phenotypic tests. The antimicrobial resistance profiles were checked by the disk diffusion test, MIC determination (oxacillin and vancomycin), determination of MBC and the presence of the mecA gene. The capacity of the biofilm was investigated by testing the Congo Red agar and adhesion assays abiotic surfaces (glass and polystyrene) in the presence and absence of oxacillin and vancomycin in addition to the PCR icaAD gene. The results demonstrated that the conventional biochemical tests, it was found more species S. epidermidis (43,5%). After confirmation by PCR , 29 samples (82%) were identified as S. epidermidis, and 6 samples (18%) were identified as S. haemolyticus. All samples were multiresistant, oxacillin-resistant and vancomycin-sensitive, and only 5 samples S. epidermidis (17,2%) were tolerant to oxacillin. The presence of the mecA gene was detected in 71,4% of samples. Although most of the samples have shown the ability to produce slime and/or biofilm not fully correlate with the presence of the gene was observed icaAD emphasizing the multifactorial nature of biofilm production. Samples adhered better to the sphygmomanometer, and that too, in this fomites, found the highest percentage of samples positive for slime production. For adhesion to glass and adherence to polystyrene was found no correlation with fomites. S. epidermidis samples of all hospital sites studied, and S. haemolyticus were isolated not only found in Infirmary Medical Clinic. Regarding fomites, S. epidermidis was found in all studied fomites, and S. haemolyticus, have been found only on sphygmomanometer and other fomites. The fomites are serving as sources of transmission and spread of microorganisms, and further study concerning necessary