Um sistema de classificação de risco para serviços hospitalares de urgências e emergências pediátricas: CLARIPED.

• Autor(a) principal: Barbosa, Maria Clara de Magalhães
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/4726
• topic: Triage; Emergengy department; Pediatrics; Triagem; Serviços médicos de emergência; Pediatria; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA

This research refers to the development of a new triage or risk classification system for the Brazilian Pediatric Emergency Department and the study of the validity and reliability of this instrument. The first topic introduces basic concepts and the complexity of the theme in various aspects. The second topic presents the rationale for the development of a new triage system for children in the Brazilian health context, against the inadequacy of adopting other systems idealized in countries with different economic, social and cultural levels. The third topic presents the objectives of this research: to review the state of the art about validity and reliability of the triage systems used in the pediatric population; to describe the development of a Brazilian risk classification system for pediatric emergencies and to study the validity and reliability of the new instrument. The fourth topic is a review of the literature on studies of validity and reliability of triage systems used in the pediatric population. Studies about seven systems developed in Canada, United Kingdom, USA, Australia, Scandinavia and South Africa were localized. It was found difficult and inadequate to compare the performance of different instruments, due to the heterogeneity of the outcomes, populations and health contexts studied. The fifth topic describes the development of a new Brazilian instrument for risk classification in pediatrics, CLARIPED, based on the consensus among experts and pre-tests. The choice of the South African Triage Scale as a reference were justified by its simplicity and objectivity and by the demographic similarity between the two countries. Several modifications were introduced, but the same logistics of the triage process in two steps was preserved: 1) measurement of physiological parameters as a score of warning signs and 2) checking for the presence of discriminators of urgency. The sixth topic refers to the prospective study of validity and reliability of CLARIPED in the pediatric emergency department of a tertiary hospital in Brazil, from April to July 2013. CLARIPED demonstrated a good prediction of outcomes used as proxies of urgency, like resource utilization, hospitalization, admission in the observation room and length of stay in the Emergency Department, supporting a good construct convergent validity. The comparison between CLARIPED and a reference standard showed a good sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing high urgency (0.89 [95% CI 0.78 -0.95] and 0.98 [95% CI 0.97 -0.99], respectively). Interobserver reliability resulted in a substantial weighted quadratic kappa of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.74 -0.79). The seventh and last topic makes final considerations on two aspects: the insufficiency of scientific evidence about triage systems in the pediatric population, and the opportunity and relevance of developing a valid and reliable Brazilian risk classification system for pediatric emergencies, with possibilities of adoption at a national level.