Avaliação da concentração de hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos e de elementos traços em uma indústria de fundição de metais ferrosos

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, João Apolinario da
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/14247
• topic: Casting of Metals; PAHs; Traces Elements; Fundição de Ferrosos; HPA; Elementos Traços; Saúde e trabalho; Metais - Fundição; Hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos; CNPQ::OUTROS

The Ministry of Labor and Employment through the Foundation's Jorge Duprat de Figueiredo Safety and Occupational Health (FUNDACENTRO) has provided study in Brazil to better understand and propose changes in production practices of molten metals. This sector is known worldwide by the vast amount of waste generated during its production process. Moreover, various harmful substances are emitted to the health of exposed workers, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and trace elements. PAHs are produced by incomplete combustion of organic substances and elements are released in the form of smoke metal during the smelting and casting of molten metal. The selection of the company evaluated was due to the fact that a midsize company and is located within a Water Source Protection Area. The evaluation of the concentration of PAHs and trace elements was performed in three seasons of the year. For the analysis of trace elements was applied the method 7300 of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), which recommends applying optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-OES). For analysis of PAHs inside the foundry was followed the method NIOSH-5515 for PAHs and samples collected outside the casting method was applied TO-13a United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) through gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC / MS). Of the 11 investigated trace elements (Al, As, Be, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn) only eight (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn) were detected. Of these, only the concentrations of arsenic were found at levels above the limits of tolerance adopted worlwide and the concentrations of arsenic ranged between 6 and 33 mg m3. PAHs were found predominantly in the gas phase and naphthalene was the most abundant compound. The concentrations of PAHs found outside the foundry experienced seasonally adjusted, in which higher levels of concentrations were ll meet in the most humid and with more sunlight (summer).