Reflexões acerca da noção de Identidade de gênero: performatividade, ser-aí e subversões

• Autor(a) principal: Trzan-ávila, Alexandre
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/15036
• topic: Phenomenology; Hermeneutics; Gender Identity; Resistance; Resistência; Psicologia Social; Fenomenologia; Hermenêutica; Identidade de Gênero; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA SOCIAL

This work aims to present a critical reflection on the notion of gender identity as naturally given. To that end, we are interested in the thinking of the philosopher Judith Butler - especially her understanding of performativity and queer theory - by pointing to her consonances with the basic structures of human being-there described by the philosopher Martin Heidegger. In a second moment, we will offer possibilities of facing the restrictions, rectifications and oppressions of gender. Thus, this work reveals that the notion of performativity dialogues with Heideggerian thought in its fundamental ontology, that is, elements such as the ontological indetermination originating from human existence and its character of ability-to-be. The intention is not to hold that Butler and Heidegger belong to the same "school" of thought, thus taking their differences as circumstantial; However, the reflections of such thinkers are on the same temporal historical horizon, a fact that makes this approximation possible. A hermeneutic phenomenological understanding allows us to assert that the character of ability-to-be of being-there deconstructs the assumption that we are possessors of previously given faculties or properties, naturally constituted independently of the place and historical time where being-there emerges. The existing human can not be taken in the mode of something simply given, because our character of ability-to-be is already always being, acting, performing the being that we are. This work is justified in an extremely conservative, reactionary, fundamentalist and intolerant national scenario that directly affects, in a violent and oppressive way, the LGBT population; a scenario where even the presence of psychologists who defend the so-called "gay cure", ie psychologists who claim the right to treat individuals who identify themselves as homosexuals, are present. Finally, we will point out feasible ways of being-there to break the identity chains of existence; concrete motions of struggle, resistance and subversion to the frameworks and oppressions of identity in everyday life. Attitudes that undermine the binary and heteronormative structure that define and rectify gender identities. Among these modes, what is common to all is the possibility of self-renewal, arising from the process of the singularization of being-there that can occur in one's life and especially in the psychological clinic of a hermeneutic phenomenological character