Variabilidade morfométrica e genética de Formicivora littorallis (Aves, thamnophilidae) em áreas insular e continental no estado do Rio de Janeiro

• Autor(a) principal: Rubio, Tatiana Colombo
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/4948
• topic: Restinga Antwren; Atlantic Forest; Passeriformes; Antbirds; Microsatellite; Morphometry; Genetic variability; Formigueiro-do-litoral; Mata Atlântica; Passeriformes; Thamnophilidae; Microssatélites; Morfometria; Variabilidade genética; Ave - Mata Atlântica; Ave Morfologia; Espécies em extinção; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA

The Restinga Antwren Formicivora littoralis is the only endemic bird of the Restinga ecosystem of Brazil. Althought locally abundant, it only occurs in a restricted area in the East cost of the Rio de Janeiro State. This species is endangered in regional, national and global levels, mainly due to the continuing habitat loss, as well as environmental degradation. Ecological studies focused on species are crucial to identify their habitat requirements and ensure their conservation. The objectives of this study were to estimate the morphometric variability and the occurrence of genetic differentiation and its degree of structure in populations of F. littoralis in insular (Cabo Frio Island) and continental areas (Pontal of Atalaia, the beaches of Conchas and Forno (areas South and North)). Morphometric variability was estimated between each sampled area and sexual size dimorphism confirmed at the molecular level. Genetic variability was measured in 104 individuals with the use of heterologous microsatellite markers. Sexual size dimorphism was observed in both the island and the mainland, being the largest measures for males. We found support for the "island rule", with a tendency for some larger measures in individuals of the island. The average observed and expected heterozygosity were 0.38 and 0.35, respectively. The population studied in the Pontal of Atalaia presented the lowest allelic diversity and heterozygosity values, and the highest value of inbreeding (FIS), indicating that this may be an important process in this population. The values of Wright's fixation index (FST), gene and genotypic showed the occurrence of genetic structuring among almost all populations (except Forno South and North), indicating that gene flow between populations can be reduced. Bayesian analysis showed that the Cabo Frio Island population is genetically different from the others