Dinâmica de colonização de uma planície hipersalina por espécies de mangue em Guaratiba, RJ

• Autor(a) principal: Estevam, Marciel Rocha de Medeiros
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/13883
• topic: Global climate change; Sea level; Climatic patterns; Sucession; Mudanças climáticas globais; Nível do mar; Padrões climáticos; Sucessão; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::OCEANOGRAFIA::OCEANOGRAFIA BIOLOGICA

Changes in the frequency and amplitude of tidal flooding are the main factors regulating the dynamics of mangrove forests. Such changes may be related to the increase of the relative mean sea level (RSL) which has been attributed as an impact consequence of global climate change on coastal ecosystems. At the end of the 90 s, the Núcleo de Estudos em Manguezais da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (NEMA/UERJ) [Center for Research on Mangroves of the State University of Rio de Janeiro] observed the beginning of a process of colonization the salt flat by mangrove species and began to monitoring it. After six years, this monitoring indicated the consolidation in process and after the development of other studies on the system, the elevation of RSL was attributed as the cause of the process. The results generated by this monitoring until the year 2011 are the data basis of this dissertation which examined the development of the colonization process and its relationship with climatological factors. In 1998, six plots were demarcated juxtaposed towards the forest-salt flat, which was perceived by the presence of mangrove plants. All individuals were identified with numbered labels and had their heights measured over the whole monitoring and in the same way those new individuals (recruits). When recruits were found in more distance areas of the forest, new plots were included in the monitoring. In 2011, the colonization had advanced to 75 m away from the forest and the thirteen monitored plots indicated different successional stages: the closest to the forest present consolidation of the colonization process, with reduced density and higher structural development; the intermediate with high densities, are in earlier stage of colonization; the outer plots characterize the beginning of the colonization of the area by a few individuals. It was also noted that the process of colonization of salt flat occur through the cohorts establishment, demonstrating variability in patterns of development over the years (density, area of occurrence and growth rates). This variability is related to environmental conditions distinct over time (patterns climatological). Guaratiba presented water deficit in most of the time, with a trend of reduction in the end of the period. The periods of increased water availability in the system coincided with the appointment of new plots as well as the peaks of recruitment and higher growth rates of cohorts. Therefore, the development of the cohorts was related both to availability space and light and to climatic conditions in the region, mainly water availability.