Jovens em mudança: padronização e despadronização da transição para a vida adulta no Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: Mello, Juliana Leitão e
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/15499
• topic: Transition to adulthood in Brazil; Youth; Life course; Transição para a vida adulta no Brasil; Juventude; Curso da vida; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::SOCIOLOGIA

This thesis aims to evaluate the transition from youth to adulthood in Brazil, between 1970 and 2010, and to what extent changes occurred along that period represent ruptures, continuities, homogeneities, and heterogeneities among cohorts and intra-cohorts. The analytical focus of the discussion relates to changes in life course at a macrosociological level, in which institutional, conjunctural and structural aspects are involved. Sociological studies indicate an ongoing process of life course destandardization from the late 1960s to the early 1970s, marked by the pluralization of life styles and the postponing of stages. Such a phenomenon is aligned with a lesser interference of the State in individuals lives, described in the literature as desinstitucionalization. This new transitional model opposes the one observed after World War II, marked by standardization, when stages were associated to similar age groups. As transition to adulthood is regarded, such linearity is expressed by the sequence: leaving school, joining the labor market, and then leaving parents house, getting married, and having children. Based on Demographic Censuses from 1970, 1980, 1991, 2000 and 2010, the pertinence of referring to destandardization and deinstitutionalization of the transition to adulthood in Brasil was discussed. Results point to a scenario of flexibility in the modelling of transition for different socioeconomic groups. However, regarding the timing at which events occurred, it can not be said to be a universal phenomenon destandardization. There is no evidence that is happening in Brazil a process of desinstitutionalization life course. A general postponing in the age of leaving school and joining the labor market was observed, despite the remaining differences among socioeconomic groups: those with a lower income tend to join adulthood prematurely. As reproductive and/or familiar spheres are concerned, inequalities are more expressive, indicating an anticipation of the age of giving birth to the first child among women with a low income. Results of this thesis suggest the existence of a selective destandardization in Brazil