Relação da autoimagem corporal com medidas antropométricas e de adiposidade em indivíduos brasileiros adultos: Estudo Pró-Saúde

• Autor(a) principal: Cabral, Magno Cerqueira
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/7242
• topic: Body image; Body fat; Body image discrepancy; Body image perception; Silhouette scale; Distorção de imagem corporal; Percepção da imagem corporal; Escala de silhuetas; Pró-Saúde; DXA; Nutrição; Imagem corporal; Gordura Corporal; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO::ANALISE NUTRICIONAL DE POPULACAO

Current society has been characterized by the growing importance attributed to body appearance, that has contributed to the increase in body image dissatisfaction, even in normal weight individuals. The present study aimed to assess the relationship of self-evaluation of body image with anthropometric and adiposity measurements in adult individuals. This is a cross-sectional study derived from a cohort, the Pró-Saúde Study, conducted with employees (n=495) from a University in Rio de Janeiro State. Sociodemographic data were obtained through a self-administered questionnaire. We assessed measurements of weight, height, waist and hip circumferences. Total fat mass, android and gynoid fat masses, fat percentage and visceral adipose tissue were evaluated using Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The weight deviation/adiposity assessment was performed using Body Mass Index (BMI), Fat Mass Index (FMI) and fat percentage for categorization into non-overweight / non-obese or overweight / obese. Individuals performed self-assessment of body image (BI) using a scale of 15 silhouettes, choosing which one best represented their actual body (perceived silhouette) and which they would like to have (desired silhouette). The measured BMI was converted into the corresponding silhouette number (real silhouette). Perception was evaluated by subtracting the real silhouette from the perceived one and categorized as no discrepancy, underestimation and overestimation. (Dis)satisfaction was assessed by subtracting the desired silhouette from the perceived one and categorized into satisfaction, dissatisfaction with leanness or overweight. Differences between sexes, between perception and (dis)satisfaction categories, and between weight deviation / adiposity categories were evaluated by Chi square for categorical variables and by Student T Test or ANOVA for continuous variables. The results indicate that the majority of the studied population is overweight or obese (about 70% according to BMI). A high proportion of men (84.2%), and especially women (90.2%) presented a discrepant view of their BI, mostly overestimating their body size (58.9% of men and 82.3% of women), as well as being dissatisfied with their image due to overweight (75.1% of men and 86.6% of women). The frequencies of discrepancy and dissatisfaction with overweight were high among non-overweight / non-obese subjects (62.5% to 74.0% and 50.0% to 69.2% in women, respectively, 20.0% to 36.8% and 20.0% to 51.9% in men, respectively) and even higher among overweight / obese subjects (87.9% to 89.0% and 97.0% to 98.9% females, respectively; 67.9% to 76.3% and 87.8% to 93.3% in males, respectively). Non-overweight individuals who overestimated their body size had the highest (P <0.05) anthropometric and adiposity measurements in the gynoid region for females and android for males. The results of the present study suggest that a high proportion of men, and especially women, present overestimation of body size, as well as they are dissatisfied due to overweight. The frequency of dissatisfaction was high even among non-obese individuals, regardless of the method used to assess weight deviation / adiposity. Region of fat accumulation seems to be related to the perception and (dis)satisfaction with body image, differently between women and men