Impacto do uso de biocombustíveis na qualidade do ar da cidade do Rio de Janeiro um estudo de simulação

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Rafael Corrêa Gama de
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/12011
• topic: Modeling; simulation; biofuels; air quality; OZIPR; Modelagem; simulação; biocombustíveis; qualidade do ar; OZIPR; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::TECNOLOGIA QUIMICA

The fleet of vehicles powered by biofuels has increased in the last ten years. The increased use of ethanol in gasoline or biodiesel in diesel impact emissions on the atmosphere of cities. Due to this problem modeling studies to predict emissions is the issue of this work. Some models, approved by regulatory agencies in some countries or communities, are the basis for risk analysis with the aid of simulation. The goal of this study is to evaluate the impact of biofuels on the air quality of the city of Rio de Janeiro and to study scenarios for air quality, due to the increase of the amount of biodiesel added to diesel and alcohol added to gasoline. In this dissertation, the main pollutants in the city of Rio de Janeiro CO, NOx and O3 are taken into account. A review of the main types of mathematical models assists as the basis of study, and an evaluation of the scenarios was performed using a model of air quality based on the trajectory model OZIPR associated with SAPRC chemical model. The results show that the increase in biodiesel use reduces ozone levels in the atmosphere, regarding the base case studied, in 10.23% using BE-Diesel mixture, in 5.28 % using B20 mixture and only 0.33 % using B10. One of the reasons is the fact that biodiesel has a more oxygenated chain within its structure. This study presented an increase on NOx emissions and concentrations on the troposphere of the city of Rio de Janeiro, by 5.66 %, 2.83 % and 0 % for BE-Diesel mixture, B20 and B10, respectively, when compare with the base case. At the city of Rio de Janeiro troposphere ozone low levels is attributed to the ozone consumption by NO. The CO concentration reduction for the BE-Diesel, B20 and B10, when compared with the base case, were 13.11 %, 6.56 % and 4.12 %, respectively. The presence of oxygen atoms within the biodiesel chain leads to a better combustion process, reducing CO emissions and consequently CO concentrations on the atmosphere